diff --git a/app/workers/tier_backfill.py b/app/workers/tier_backfill.py
index 3da1493..f2f8ec0 100644
--- a/app/workers/tier_backfill.py
+++ b/app/workers/tier_backfill.py
@@ -61,13 +61,18 @@ async def _classify_pending(session: AsyncSession) -> int:
 
 
 async def _enqueue_domain(session: AsyncSession, filter_clause: str, limit: int) -> int:
-    """도메인 조건 + NULL tier 문서 limit 건 classify 큐에 enqueue. 반환 = 실제 enqueue 수."""
+    """도메인 조건 + NULL tier 문서 limit 건 classify 큐에 enqueue. 반환 = 실제 enqueue 수.
+
+    extracted_text 빈 문자열 (LENGTH=0) 도 제외 — classify_worker 는 not doc.extracted_text
+    truthy 체크라 빈 문자열에서 ValueError raise. 무한 retry 루프 방지.
+    """
     sql = text(f"""
         INSERT INTO processing_queue (document_id, stage, status, attempts, max_attempts)
         SELECT id, 'classify', 'pending', 0, 3
         FROM documents
         WHERE deleted_at IS NULL
           AND extracted_text IS NOT NULL
+          AND LENGTH(extracted_text) > 0
           AND ai_analysis_tier IS NULL
           AND {filter_clause}
         ORDER BY created_at DESC
diff --git a/scripts/backfill_tier.py b/scripts/backfill_tier.py
index ece998d..e19ad85 100644
--- a/scripts/backfill_tier.py
+++ b/scripts/backfill_tier.py
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ SELECT COUNT(*)
 FROM documents
 WHERE deleted_at IS NULL
   AND extracted_text IS NOT NULL
+  AND LENGTH(extracted_text) > 0
   AND ai_analysis_tier IS NULL
   AND {filter}
 """
@@ -69,6 +70,7 @@ SELECT id, LEFT(title, 60) AS title, ai_domain, source_channel,
 FROM documents
 WHERE deleted_at IS NULL
   AND extracted_text IS NOT NULL
+  AND LENGTH(extracted_text) > 0
   AND ai_analysis_tier IS NULL
   AND {filter}
 ORDER BY created_at DESC
@@ -81,6 +83,7 @@ SELECT id, 'classify', 'pending', 0, 3
 FROM documents
 WHERE deleted_at IS NULL
   AND extracted_text IS NOT NULL
+  AND LENGTH(extracted_text) > 0
   AND ai_analysis_tier IS NULL
   AND {filter}
 ORDER BY created_at DESC