fix: 포트 충돌 회피 — note_bridge 8098, intent_service 8099

Jellyfin(8096), OrbStack(8097) 포트 충돌으로 변경.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/_socks_legacy.py

@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+"""
+This module contains provisional support for SOCKS proxies from within
+urllib3. This module supports SOCKS4, SOCKS4A (an extension of SOCKS4), and
+SOCKS5. To enable its functionality, either install PySocks or install this
+module with the ``socks`` extra.
+
+The SOCKS implementation supports the full range of urllib3 features. It also
+supports the following SOCKS features:
+
+- SOCKS4A (``proxy_url='socks4a://...``)
+- SOCKS4 (``proxy_url='socks4://...``)
+- SOCKS5 with remote DNS (``proxy_url='socks5h://...``)
+- SOCKS5 with local DNS (``proxy_url='socks5://...``)
+- Usernames and passwords for the SOCKS proxy
+
+.. note::
+   It is recommended to use ``socks5h://`` or ``socks4a://`` schemes in
+   your ``proxy_url`` to ensure that DNS resolution is done from the remote
+   server instead of client-side when connecting to a domain name.
+
+SOCKS4 supports IPv4 and domain names with the SOCKS4A extension. SOCKS5
+supports IPv4, IPv6, and domain names.
+
+When connecting to a SOCKS4 proxy the ``username`` portion of the ``proxy_url``
+will be sent as the ``userid`` section of the SOCKS request:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    proxy_url="socks4a://<userid>@proxy-host"
+
+When connecting to a SOCKS5 proxy the ``username`` and ``password`` portion
+of the ``proxy_url`` will be sent as the username/password to authenticate
+with the proxy:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    proxy_url="socks5h://<username>:<password>@proxy-host"
+
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+try:
+    import socks
+except ImportError:
+    import warnings
+
+    from ..exceptions import DependencyWarning
+
+    warnings.warn(
+        (
+            "SOCKS support in urllib3 requires the installation of optional "
+            "dependencies: specifically, PySocks.  For more information, see "
+            "https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/contrib.html#socks-proxies"
+        ),
+        DependencyWarning,
+    )
+    raise
+
+import typing
+from socket import timeout as SocketTimeout
+
+from .._typing import _TYPE_SOCKS_OPTIONS
+from ..backend import HttpVersion
+from ..connection import HTTPConnection, HTTPSConnection
+from ..connectionpool import HTTPConnectionPool, HTTPSConnectionPool
+from ..exceptions import ConnectTimeoutError, NewConnectionError
+from ..poolmanager import PoolManager
+from ..util.url import parse_url
+
+try:
+    import ssl
+except ImportError:
+    ssl = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
+
+
+class SOCKSConnection(HTTPConnection):
+    """
+    A plain-text HTTP connection that connects via a SOCKS proxy.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        _socks_options: _TYPE_SOCKS_OPTIONS,
+        *args: typing.Any,
+        **kwargs: typing.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._socks_options = _socks_options
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def _new_conn(self) -> socks.socksocket:
+        """
+        Establish a new connection via the SOCKS proxy.
+        """
+        extra_kw: dict[str, typing.Any] = {}
+        if self.source_address:
+            extra_kw["source_address"] = self.source_address
+
+        if self.socket_options:
+            only_tcp_options = []
+
+            for opt in self.socket_options:
+                if len(opt) == 3:
+                    only_tcp_options.append(opt)
+                elif len(opt) == 4:
+                    protocol: str = opt[3].lower()
+                    if protocol == "udp":
+                        continue
+                    only_tcp_options.append(opt[:3])
+
+            extra_kw["socket_options"] = only_tcp_options
+
+        try:
+            conn = socks.create_connection(
+                (self.host, self.port),
+                proxy_type=self._socks_options["socks_version"],  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                proxy_addr=self._socks_options["proxy_host"],
+                proxy_port=self._socks_options["proxy_port"],  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                proxy_username=self._socks_options["username"],
+                proxy_password=self._socks_options["password"],
+                proxy_rdns=self._socks_options["rdns"],
+                timeout=self.timeout,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                **extra_kw,
+            )
+
+        except SocketTimeout as e:
+            raise ConnectTimeoutError(
+                self,
+                f"Connection to {self.host} timed out. (connect timeout={self.timeout})",
+            ) from e
+
+        except socks.ProxyError as e:
+            # This is fragile as hell, but it seems to be the only way to raise
+            # useful errors here.
+            if e.socket_err:
+                error = e.socket_err
+                if isinstance(error, SocketTimeout):
+                    raise ConnectTimeoutError(
+                        self,
+                        f"Connection to {self.host} timed out. (connect timeout={self.timeout})",
+                    ) from e
+                else:
+                    # Adding `from e` messes with coverage somehow, so it's omitted.
+                    # See #2386.
+                    raise NewConnectionError(
+                        self, f"Failed to establish a new connection: {error}"
+                    )
+            else:
+                raise NewConnectionError(
+                    self, f"Failed to establish a new connection: {e}"
+                ) from e
+
+        except OSError as e:  # Defensive: PySocks should catch all these.
+            raise NewConnectionError(
+                self, f"Failed to establish a new connection: {e}"
+            ) from e
+
+        return conn
+
+
+# We don't need to duplicate the Verified/Unverified distinction from
+# urllib3/connection.py here because the HTTPSConnection will already have been
+# correctly set to either the Verified or Unverified form by that module. This
+# means the SOCKSHTTPSConnection will automatically be the correct type.
+class SOCKSHTTPSConnection(SOCKSConnection, HTTPSConnection):
+    pass
+
+
+class SOCKSHTTPConnectionPool(HTTPConnectionPool):
+    ConnectionCls = SOCKSConnection
+
+
+class SOCKSHTTPSConnectionPool(HTTPSConnectionPool):
+    ConnectionCls = SOCKSHTTPSConnection
+
+
+class SOCKSProxyManager(PoolManager):
+    """
+    A version of the urllib3 ProxyManager that routes connections via the
+    defined SOCKS proxy.
+    """
+
+    pool_classes_by_scheme = {
+        "http": SOCKSHTTPConnectionPool,
+        "https": SOCKSHTTPSConnectionPool,
+    }
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        proxy_url: str,
+        username: str | None = None,
+        password: str | None = None,
+        num_pools: int = 10,
+        headers: typing.Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
+        **connection_pool_kw: typing.Any,
+    ):
+        parsed = parse_url(proxy_url)
+
+        if username is None and password is None and parsed.auth is not None:
+            split = parsed.auth.split(":")
+            if len(split) == 2:
+                username, password = split
+        if parsed.scheme == "socks5":
+            socks_version = socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5
+            rdns = False
+        elif parsed.scheme == "socks5h":
+            socks_version = socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5
+            rdns = True
+        elif parsed.scheme == "socks4":
+            socks_version = socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS4
+            rdns = False
+        elif parsed.scheme == "socks4a":
+            socks_version = socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS4
+            rdns = True
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"Unable to determine SOCKS version from {proxy_url}")
+
+        self.proxy_url = proxy_url
+
+        socks_options = {
+            "socks_version": socks_version,
+            "proxy_host": parsed.host,
+            "proxy_port": parsed.port,
+            "username": username,
+            "password": password,
+            "rdns": rdns,
+        }
+        connection_pool_kw["_socks_options"] = socks_options
+
+        if "disabled_svn" not in connection_pool_kw:
+            connection_pool_kw["disabled_svn"] = set()
+
+        connection_pool_kw["disabled_svn"].add(HttpVersion.h3)
+
+        super().__init__(num_pools, headers, **connection_pool_kw)
+
+        self.pool_classes_by_scheme = SOCKSProxyManager.pool_classes_by_scheme

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/_socks_override.py

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+"""
+This is hazmat. It can blow up anytime.
+Use it with precautions!
+
+Reasoning behind this:
+
+1) python-socks requires another dependency, namely asyncio-timeout, that is one too much for us.
+2) it does not support our AsyncSocket wrapper (it has his own internally)
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import socket
+import typing
+import warnings
+
+from python_socks import _abc as abc
+
+# look the other way if unpleasant. No choice for now.
+# will start discussions once we have a solid traffic.
+from python_socks._connectors.abc import AsyncConnector
+from python_socks._connectors.socks4_async import Socks4AsyncConnector
+from python_socks._connectors.socks5_async import Socks5AsyncConnector
+from python_socks._errors import ProxyError, ProxyTimeoutError
+from python_socks._helpers import parse_proxy_url
+from python_socks._protocols.errors import ReplyError
+from python_socks._types import ProxyType
+
+from .ssa import AsyncSocket
+from .ssa._timeout import timeout as timeout_
+
+
+class Resolver(abc.AsyncResolver):
+    def __init__(self, loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop):
+        self._loop = loop
+
+    async def resolve(
+        self, host: str, port: int = 0, family: socket.AddressFamily = socket.AF_UNSPEC
+    ) -> tuple[socket.AddressFamily, str]:
+        infos = await self._loop.getaddrinfo(
+            host=host,
+            port=port,
+            family=family,
+            type=socket.SOCK_STREAM,
+        )
+
+        if not infos:  # Defensive:
+            raise OSError(f"Can`t resolve address {host}:{port} [{family}]")
+
+        infos = sorted(infos, key=lambda info: info[0])
+
+        family, _, _, _, address = infos[0]
+        return family, address[0]
+
+
+def create_connector(
+    proxy_type: ProxyType,
+    username: str | None,
+    password: str | None,
+    rdns: bool,
+    resolver: abc.AsyncResolver,
+) -> AsyncConnector:
+    if proxy_type == ProxyType.SOCKS4:
+        return Socks4AsyncConnector(
+            user_id=username,
+            rdns=rdns,
+            resolver=resolver,
+        )
+
+    if proxy_type == ProxyType.SOCKS5:
+        return Socks5AsyncConnector(
+            username=username,
+            password=password,
+            rdns=rdns,
+            resolver=resolver,
+        )
+
+    raise ValueError(f"Invalid proxy type: {proxy_type}")
+
+
+class AsyncioProxy:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        proxy_type: ProxyType,
+        host: str,
+        port: int,
+        username: str | None = None,
+        password: str | None = None,
+        rdns: bool = False,
+    ):
+        self._loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+
+        self._proxy_type = proxy_type
+        self._proxy_host = host
+        self._proxy_port = port
+        self._password = password
+        self._username = username
+        self._rdns = rdns
+
+        self._resolver = Resolver(loop=self._loop)
+
+    async def connect(
+        self,
+        dest_host: str,
+        dest_port: int,
+        timeout: float | None = None,
+        _socket: AsyncSocket | None = None,
+    ) -> AsyncSocket:
+        if timeout is None:
+            timeout = 60
+
+        try:
+            async with timeout_(timeout):
+                # our dependency started to deprecate passing "_socket"
+                # which is ... vital for our integration. We'll start by silencing the warning.
+                # then we'll think on how to proceed.
+                #   A) the maintainer agrees to revert https://github.com/romis2012/python-socks/commit/173a7390469c06aa033f8dca67c827854b462bc3#diff-e4086fa970d1c98b1eb341e58cb70e9ceffe7391b2feecc4b66c7e92ea2de76fR64
+                #   B) the maintainer pursue the removal -> do we vendor our copy of python-socks? is there an alternative?
+                with warnings.catch_warnings():
+                    warnings.simplefilter("ignore", DeprecationWarning)
+                    return await self._connect(
+                        dest_host=dest_host,
+                        dest_port=dest_port,
+                        _socket=_socket,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                    )
+        except asyncio.TimeoutError as e:
+            raise ProxyTimeoutError(f"Proxy connection timed out: {timeout}") from e
+
+    async def _connect(
+        self, dest_host: str, dest_port: int, _socket: AsyncSocket
+    ) -> AsyncSocket:
+        try:
+            connector = create_connector(
+                proxy_type=self._proxy_type,
+                username=self._username,
+                password=self._password,
+                rdns=self._rdns,
+                resolver=self._resolver,
+            )
+            await connector.connect(
+                stream=_socket,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                host=dest_host,
+                port=dest_port,
+            )
+
+            return _socket
+        except asyncio.CancelledError:  # Defensive:
+            _socket.close()
+            raise
+        except ReplyError as e:
+            _socket.close()
+            raise ProxyError(e, error_code=e.error_code)  # type: ignore[no-untyped-call]
+        except Exception:  # Defensive:
+            _socket.close()
+            raise
+
+    @property
+    def proxy_host(self) -> str:
+        return self._proxy_host
+
+    @property
+    def proxy_port(self) -> int:
+        return self._proxy_port
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create(cls, *args: typing.Any, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> AsyncioProxy:
+        return cls(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_url(cls, url: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> AsyncioProxy:
+        url_args = parse_proxy_url(url)
+        return cls(*url_args, **kwargs)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/emscripten/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Dummy file to match upstream modules
+# without actually serving them.
+# urllib3-future diverged from urllib3.
+# only the top-level (public API) are guaranteed to be compatible.
+# in-fact urllib3-future propose a better way to migrate/transition toward
+# newer protocols.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import warnings
+
+
+def inject_into_urllib3() -> None:
+    warnings.warn(
+        (
+            "urllib3-future does not support WASM / Emscripten platform. "
+            "Please reinstall legacy urllib3 in the meantime. "
+            "Run `pip uninstall -y urllib3 urllib3-future` then "
+            "`pip install urllib3-future`, finally `pip install urllib3`. "
+            "Sorry for the inconvenience."
+        ),
+        DeprecationWarning,
+    )
+
+
+def extract_from_urllib3() -> None:
+    pass

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/hface/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# Copyright 2022 Akamai Technologies, Inc
+# Largely rewritten in 2023 for urllib3-future
+# Copyright 2024 Ahmed Tahri
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ._configuration import QuicTLSConfig
+from .protocols import (
+    HTTP1Protocol,
+    HTTP2Protocol,
+    HTTP3Protocol,
+    HTTPOverQUICProtocol,
+    HTTPOverTCPProtocol,
+    HTTPProtocol,
+    HTTPProtocolFactory,
+)
+
+__all__ = (
+    "QuicTLSConfig",
+    "HTTP1Protocol",
+    "HTTP2Protocol",
+    "HTTP3Protocol",
+    "HTTPOverQUICProtocol",
+    "HTTPOverTCPProtocol",
+    "HTTPProtocol",
+    "HTTPProtocolFactory",
+)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/hface/_configuration.py

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+# Copyright 2022 Akamai Technologies, Inc
+# Largely rewritten in 2023 for urllib3-future
+# Copyright 2024 Ahmed Tahri
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import dataclasses
+from typing import Any, Mapping
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class QuicTLSConfig:
+    """
+    Client TLS configuration.
+    """
+
+    #: Allows to proceed for server without valid TLS certificates.
+    insecure: bool = False
+
+    #: File with CA certificates to trust for server verification
+    cafile: str | None = None
+
+    #: Directory with CA certificates to trust for server verification
+    capath: str | None = None
+
+    #: Blob with CA certificates to trust for server verification
+    cadata: bytes | None = None
+
+    #: If provided, will trigger an additional load_cert_chain() upon the QUIC Configuration
+    certfile: str | bytes | None = None
+
+    keyfile: str | bytes | None = None
+
+    keypassword: str | bytes | None = None
+
+    #: The QUIC session ticket which should be used for session resumption
+    session_ticket: Any | None = None
+
+    cert_fingerprint: str | None = None
+    cert_use_common_name: bool = False
+
+    verify_hostname: bool = True
+    assert_hostname: str | None = None
+
+    ciphers: list[Mapping[str, Any]] | None = None
+
+    idle_timeout: float = 300.0

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/hface/_stream_matrix.py

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import typing
+from collections import deque
+
+from .events import Event
+
+
+class StreamMatrix:
+    """Efficient way to store events for concurrent streams."""
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "_matrix",
+        "_count",
+        "_event_cursor_id",
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._matrix: dict[int | None, deque[Event]] = {}
+        self._count: int = 0
+        self._event_cursor_id: int = 0
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return self._count
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        return self._count > 0
+
+    @property
+    def streams(self) -> list[int]:
+        return sorted(i for i in self._matrix.keys() if i is not None)
+
+    def append(self, event: Event) -> None:
+        matrix_idx = getattr(event, "stream_id", None)
+
+        event._id = self._event_cursor_id
+        self._event_cursor_id += 1
+
+        if matrix_idx not in self._matrix:
+            self._matrix[matrix_idx] = deque()
+
+        self._matrix[matrix_idx].append(event)
+
+        self._count += 1
+
+    def extend(self, events: typing.Iterable[Event]) -> None:
+        triaged_events: dict[int | None, list[Event]] = {}
+
+        for event in events:
+            matrix_idx = getattr(event, "stream_id", None)
+
+            event._id = self._event_cursor_id
+
+            self._event_cursor_id += 1
+            self._count += 1
+
+            if matrix_idx not in triaged_events:
+                triaged_events[matrix_idx] = []
+
+            triaged_events[matrix_idx].append(event)
+
+        for k, v in triaged_events.items():
+            if k not in self._matrix:
+                self._matrix[k] = deque()
+
+            self._matrix[k].extend(v)
+
+    def appendleft(self, event: Event) -> None:
+        matrix_idx = getattr(event, "stream_id", None)
+        event._id = self._event_cursor_id
+        self._event_cursor_id += 1
+
+        if matrix_idx not in self._matrix:
+            self._matrix[matrix_idx] = deque()
+
+        self._matrix[matrix_idx].appendleft(event)
+
+        self._count += 1
+
+    def popleft(self, stream_id: int | None = None) -> Event | None:
+        if self._count == 0:
+            return None
+
+        have_global_event: bool = None in self._matrix and bool(self._matrix[None])
+        any_stream_event: bool = (
+            bool(self._matrix) if not have_global_event else len(self._matrix) > 1
+        )
+
+        if stream_id is None and any_stream_event:
+            matrix_dict_iter = self._matrix.__iter__()
+
+            stream_id = next(matrix_dict_iter)
+
+            if stream_id is None:
+                stream_id = next(matrix_dict_iter)
+
+        if (
+            stream_id is not None
+            and have_global_event
+            and stream_id in self._matrix
+            and self._matrix[None][0]._id < self._matrix[stream_id][0]._id
+        ):
+            stream_id = None
+        elif have_global_event is True and stream_id not in self._matrix:
+            stream_id = None
+
+        if stream_id not in self._matrix:
+            return None
+
+        ev = self._matrix[stream_id].popleft()
+
+        if ev is not None:
+            self._count -= 1
+
+            if stream_id is not None and not self._matrix[stream_id]:
+                del self._matrix[stream_id]
+
+        return ev
+
+    def count(
+        self,
+        stream_id: int | None = None,
+        excl_event: tuple[type[Event], ...] | None = None,
+    ) -> int:
+        if stream_id is None:
+            return self._count
+        if stream_id not in self._matrix:
+            return 0
+
+        return len(
+            self._matrix[stream_id]
+            if excl_event is None
+            else [e for e in self._matrix[stream_id] if not isinstance(e, excl_event)]
+        )
+
+    def has(
+        self,
+        stream_id: int | None = None,
+        excl_event: tuple[type[Event], ...] | None = None,
+    ) -> bool:
+        if stream_id is None:
+            return True if self._count else False
+        if stream_id not in self._matrix:
+            return False
+
+        if excl_event is not None:
+            return any(
+                e for e in self._matrix[stream_id] if not isinstance(e, excl_event)
+            )
+
+        return True if self._matrix[stream_id] else False

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/hface/_typing.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Copyright 2022 Akamai Technologies, Inc
+# Largely rewritten in 2023 for urllib3-future
+# Copyright 2024 Ahmed Tahri
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Sequence, Tuple
+
+HeaderType = Tuple[bytes, bytes]
+HeadersType = Sequence[HeaderType]
+
+AddressType = Tuple[str, int]
+DatagramType = Tuple[bytes, AddressType]

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/hface/events/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Copyright 2022 Akamai Technologies, Inc
+# Largely rewritten in 2023 for urllib3-future
+# Copyright 2024 Ahmed Tahri
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ._events import (
+    ConnectionTerminated,
+    DataReceived,
+    EarlyHeadersReceived,
+    Event,
+    GoawayReceived,
+    HandshakeCompleted,
+    HeadersReceived,
+    StreamEvent,
+    StreamReset,
+    StreamResetReceived,
+)
+
+__all__ = (
+    "Event",
+    "ConnectionTerminated",
+    "GoawayReceived",
+    "StreamEvent",
+    "StreamReset",
+    "StreamResetReceived",
+    "HeadersReceived",
+    "DataReceived",
+    "HandshakeCompleted",
+    "EarlyHeadersReceived",
+)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/hface/events/_events.py

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+# Copyright 2022 Akamai Technologies, Inc
+# Largely rewritten in 2023 for urllib3-future
+# Copyright 2024 Ahmed Tahri
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import typing
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+
+from .._typing import HeadersType
+
+
+class Event:
+    """
+    Base class for HTTP events.
+
+    This is an abstract base class that should not be initialized.
+    """
+
+    _id: int
+
+
+#
+# Connection events
+#
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ConnectionTerminated(Event):
+    """
+    Connection was terminated.
+
+    Extends :class:`.Event`.
+    """
+
+    #: Reason for closing the connection.
+    error_code: int = 0
+
+    #: Optional message with more information
+    message: str | None = field(default=None, compare=False)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:  # Defensive: debug purposes only
+        cls = type(self).__name__
+        return f"{cls}(error_code={self.error_code!r}, message={self.message!r})"
+
+
+@dataclass
+class GoawayReceived(Event):
+    """
+    GOAWAY frame was received
+
+    Extends :class:`.Event`.
+    """
+
+    #: Highest stream ID that could be processed.
+    last_stream_id: int
+
+    #: Reason for closing the connection.
+    error_code: int = 0
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:  # Defensive: debug purposes only
+        cls = type(self).__name__
+        return (
+            f"{cls}(last_stream_id={self.last_stream_id!r}, "
+            f"error_code={self.error_code!r})"
+        )
+
+
+#
+# Stream events
+#
+
+
+@dataclass
+class StreamEvent(Event):
+    """
+    Event on one HTTP stream.
+
+    This is an abstract base class that should not be used directly.
+
+    Extends :class:`.Event`.
+    """
+
+    #: Stream ID
+    stream_id: int
+
+
+@dataclass
+class StreamReset(StreamEvent):
+    """
+    One stream of an HTTP connection was reset.
+
+    When a stream is reset, it must no longer be used, but the parent
+    connection and other streams are unaffected.
+
+    This is an abstract base class that should not be used directly.
+    More specific subclasses (StreamResetSent or StreamResetReceived)
+    should be emitted.
+
+    Extends :class:`.StreamEvent`.
+    """
+
+    #: Reason for closing the stream.
+    error_code: int = 0
+    end_stream: bool = True
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:  # Defensive: debug purposes only
+        cls = type(self).__name__
+        return f"{cls}(stream_id={self.stream_id!r}, error_code={self.error_code!r})"
+
+
+@dataclass
+class StreamResetReceived(StreamReset):
+    """
+    One stream of an HTTP connection was reset by the peer.
+
+    This probably means that we did something that the peer does not like.
+
+    Extends :class:`.StreamReset`.
+    """
+
+
+@dataclass
+class HandshakeCompleted(Event):
+    alpn_protocol: str | None
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:  # Defensive: debug purposes only
+        cls = type(self).__name__
+        return f"{cls}(alpn={self.alpn_protocol})"
+
+
+@dataclass
+class HeadersReceived(StreamEvent):
+    """
+    A frame with HTTP headers was received.
+
+    Extends :class:`.StreamEvent`.
+    """
+
+    #: The received HTTP headers
+    headers: HeadersType
+
+    #: Signals that data will not be sent by the peer over the stream.
+    end_stream: bool = False
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:  # Defensive: debug purposes only
+        cls = type(self).__name__
+        return (
+            f"{cls}(stream_id={self.stream_id!r}, "
+            f"len(headers)={len(self.headers)}, end_stream={self.end_stream!r})"
+        )
+
+
+@dataclass
+class DataReceived(StreamEvent):
+    """
+    A frame with HTTP data was received.
+
+    Extends :class:`.StreamEvent`.
+    """
+
+    #: The received data.
+    data: bytes
+
+    #: Signals that no more data will be sent by the peer over the stream.
+    end_stream: bool = False
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:  # Defensive: debug purposes only
+        cls = type(self).__name__
+        return (
+            f"{cls}(stream_id={self.stream_id!r}, "
+            f"len(data)={len(self.data)}, end_stream={self.end_stream!r})"
+        )
+
+
+@dataclass
+class EarlyHeadersReceived(StreamEvent):
+    #: The received HTTP headers
+    headers: HeadersType
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:  # Defensive: debug purposes only
+        cls = type(self).__name__
+        return (
+            f"{cls}(stream_id={self.stream_id!r}, "
+            f"len(headers)={len(self.headers)}, end_stream=False)"
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def end_stream(self) -> typing.Literal[False]:
+        return False

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/hface/protocols/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Copyright 2022 Akamai Technologies, Inc
+# Largely rewritten in 2023 for urllib3-future
+# Copyright 2024 Ahmed Tahri
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ._factories import HTTPProtocolFactory
+from ._protocols import (
+    HTTP1Protocol,
+    HTTP2Protocol,
+    HTTP3Protocol,
+    HTTPOverQUICProtocol,
+    HTTPOverTCPProtocol,
+    HTTPProtocol,
+)
+
+__all__ = (
+    "HTTP1Protocol",
+    "HTTP2Protocol",
+    "HTTP3Protocol",
+    "HTTPOverQUICProtocol",
+    "HTTPOverTCPProtocol",
+    "HTTPProtocol",
+    "HTTPProtocolFactory",
+)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/hface/protocols/_factories.py

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+# Copyright 2022 Akamai Technologies, Inc
+# Largely rewritten in 2023 for urllib3-future
+# Copyright 2024 Ahmed Tahri
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""
+HTTP factories create HTTP protools based on defined set of arguments.
+
+We define the :class:`HTTPProtocol` interface to allow interchange
+HTTP versions and protocol implementations. But constructors of
+the class is not part of the interface. Every implementation
+can use a different options to init instances.
+
+Factories unify access to the creation of the protocol instances,
+so that clients and servers can swap protocol implementations,
+delegating the initialization to factories.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import importlib
+import inspect
+from abc import ABCMeta
+from typing import Any
+
+from ._protocols import HTTPOverQUICProtocol, HTTPOverTCPProtocol, HTTPProtocol
+
+
+class HTTPProtocolFactory(metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    @staticmethod
+    def new(
+        type_protocol: type[HTTPProtocol],
+        implementation: str | None = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> HTTPOverQUICProtocol | HTTPOverTCPProtocol:
+        """Create a new state-machine that target given protocol type."""
+        assert type_protocol != HTTPProtocol, (
+            "HTTPProtocol is ambiguous and cannot be requested in the factory."
+        )
+
+        package_name: str = __name__.split(".")[0]
+
+        version_target: str = "".join(
+            c for c in str(type_protocol).replace(package_name, "") if c.isdigit()
+        )
+        module_expr: str = f".protocols.http{version_target}"
+
+        if implementation:
+            module_expr += f"._{implementation.lower()}"
+
+        try:
+            http_module = importlib.import_module(
+                module_expr, f"{package_name}.contrib.hface"
+            )
+        except ImportError as e:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                f"{type_protocol} cannot be loaded. Tried to import '{module_expr}'."
+            ) from e
+
+        implementations: list[
+            tuple[str, type[HTTPOverQUICProtocol | HTTPOverTCPProtocol]]
+        ] = inspect.getmembers(
+            http_module,
+            lambda e: isinstance(e, type)
+            and issubclass(e, (HTTPOverQUICProtocol, HTTPOverTCPProtocol)),
+        )
+
+        if not implementations:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                f"{type_protocol} cannot be loaded. "
+                "No compatible implementation available. "
+                "Make sure your implementation inherit either from HTTPOverQUICProtocol or HTTPOverTCPProtocol."
+            )
+
+        implementation_target: type[HTTPOverQUICProtocol | HTTPOverTCPProtocol] = (
+            implementations.pop()[1]
+        )
+
+        return implementation_target(**kwargs)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/hface/protocols/_protocols.py

@@ -0,0 +1,358 @@
+# Copyright 2022 Akamai Technologies, Inc
+# Largely rewritten in 2023 for urllib3-future
+# Copyright 2024 Ahmed Tahri
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import typing
+from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
+from typing import Any, Sequence
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from typing_extensions import Literal
+
+from .._typing import HeadersType
+from ..events import Event
+
+
+class BaseProtocol(metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    """Sans-IO common methods whenever it is TCP, UDP or QUIC."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def bytes_received(self, data: bytes) -> None:
+        """
+        Called when some data is received.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    # Sending direction
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def bytes_to_send(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Returns data for sending out of the internal data buffer.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def connection_lost(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Called when the connection is lost or closed.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def should_wait_remote_flow_control(
+        self, stream_id: int, amt: int | None = None
+    ) -> bool | None:
+        """
+        Verify if the client should listen network incoming data for
+        the flow control update purposes.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def max_frame_size(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Determine if the remote set a limited size for each data frame.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class OverTCPProtocol(BaseProtocol, metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    """
+    Interface for sans-IO protocols on top TCP.
+    """
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def eof_received(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Called when the other end signals it won’t send any more data.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class OverUDPProtocol(BaseProtocol, metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    """
+    Interface for sans-IO protocols on top UDP.
+    """
+
+
+class OverQUICProtocol(OverUDPProtocol):
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def connection_ids(self) -> Sequence[bytes]:
+        """
+        QUIC connection IDs
+
+        This property can be used to assign UDP packets to QUIC connections.
+
+        :return: a sequence of connection IDs
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def session_ticket(self) -> Any | None:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def getpeercert(self, *, binary_form: Literal[True]) -> bytes: ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def getpeercert(self, *, binary_form: Literal[False] = ...) -> dict[str, Any]: ...
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def getpeercert(self, *, binary_form: bool = False) -> bytes | dict[str, Any]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def getissuercert(self, *, binary_form: Literal[True]) -> bytes | None: ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def getissuercert(
+        self, *, binary_form: Literal[False] = ...
+    ) -> dict[str, Any] | None: ...
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def getissuercert(
+        self, *, binary_form: bool = False
+    ) -> bytes | dict[str, Any] | None:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def cipher(self) -> str | None:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class HTTPProtocol(metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    """
+    Sans-IO representation of an HTTP connection
+    """
+
+    implementation: str
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @abstractmethod
+    def exceptions() -> tuple[type[BaseException], ...]:
+        """Return exception types that should be handled in your application."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def multiplexed(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Whether this connection supports multiple parallel streams.
+
+        Returns ``True`` for HTTP/2 and HTTP/3 connections.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def max_stream_count(self) -> int:
+        """Determine how much concurrent stream the connection can handle."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def is_idle(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return True if this connection is BOTH available and not doing anything.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return whether this connection is capable to open new streams.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def has_expired(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Return whether this connection is closed or should be closed.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def get_available_stream_id(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Return an ID that can be used to create a new stream.
+
+        Use the returned ID with :meth:`.submit_headers` to create the stream.
+        This method may or may not return one value until that method is called.
+
+        :return: stream ID
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def submit_headers(
+        self, stream_id: int, headers: HeadersType, end_stream: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Submit a frame with HTTP headers.
+
+        If this is a client connection, this method starts an HTTP request.
+        If this is a server connection, it starts an HTTP response.
+
+        :param stream_id: stream ID
+        :param headers: HTTP headers
+        :param end_stream: whether to close the stream for sending
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def submit_data(
+        self, stream_id: int, data: bytes, end_stream: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Submit a frame with HTTP data.
+
+        :param stream_id: stream ID
+        :param data: payload
+        :param end_stream: whether to close the stream for sending
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def submit_stream_reset(self, stream_id: int, error_code: int = 0) -> None:
+        """
+        Immediate terminate a stream.
+
+        Stream reset is used to request cancellation of a stream
+        or to indicate that an error condition has occurred.
+
+        Use :attr:`.error_codes` to obtain error codes for common problems.
+
+        :param stream_id: stream ID
+        :param error_code:  indicates why the stream is being terminated
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def submit_close(self, error_code: int = 0) -> None:
+        """
+        Submit graceful close the connection.
+
+        Use :attr:`.error_codes` to obtain error codes for common problems.
+
+        :param error_code:  indicates why the connections is being closed
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def next_event(self, stream_id: int | None = None) -> Event | None:
+        """
+        Consume next HTTP event.
+
+        :return: an event instance
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def events(self, stream_id: int | None = None) -> typing.Iterator[Event]:
+        """
+        Consume available HTTP events.
+
+        :return: an iterator that unpack "next_event" until exhausted.
+        """
+        while True:
+            ev = self.next_event(stream_id=stream_id)
+
+            if ev is None:
+                break
+
+            yield ev
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def has_pending_event(
+        self,
+        *,
+        stream_id: int | None = None,
+        excl_event: tuple[type[Event], ...] | None = None,
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Verify if there is queued event waiting to be consumed."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def reshelve(self, *events: Event) -> None:
+        """Put back events into the deque."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def ping(self) -> None:
+        """Send a PING frame to the remote peer. Thus keeping the connection alive."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class HTTPOverTCPProtocol(HTTPProtocol, OverTCPProtocol, metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    """
+    :class:`HTTPProtocol` over a TCP connection
+
+    An interface for HTTP/1 and HTTP/2 protocols.
+    Extends :class:`.HTTPProtocol`.
+    """
+
+
+class HTTPOverQUICProtocol(HTTPProtocol, OverQUICProtocol, metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    """
+    :class:`HTTPProtocol` over a QUIC connection
+
+    Abstract base class for HTTP/3 protocols.
+    Extends :class:`.HTTPProtocol`.
+    """
+
+
+class HTTP1Protocol(HTTPOverTCPProtocol, metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    """
+    Sans-IO representation of an HTTP/1 connection
+
+    An interface for HTTP/1 implementations.
+    Extends :class:`.HTTPOverTCPProtocol`.
+    """
+
+    @property
+    def multiplexed(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def should_wait_remote_flow_control(
+        self, stream_id: int, amt: int | None = None
+    ) -> bool | None:
+        return NotImplemented  # type: ignore[no-any-return]
+
+
+class HTTP2Protocol(HTTPOverTCPProtocol, metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    """
+    Sans-IO representation of an HTTP/2 connection
+
+    An abstract base class for HTTP/2 implementations.
+    Extends :class:`.HTTPOverTCPProtocol`.
+    """
+
+    @property
+    def multiplexed(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+
+class HTTP3Protocol(HTTPOverQUICProtocol, metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    """
+    Sans-IO representation of an HTTP/2 connection
+
+    An abstract base class for HTTP/3 implementations.
+    Extends :class:`.HTTPOverQUICProtocol`
+    """
+
+    @property
+    def multiplexed(self) -> bool:
+        return True

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/hface/protocols/http1/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# Copyright 2022 Akamai Technologies, Inc
+# Largely rewritten in 2023 for urllib3-future
+# Copyright 2024 Ahmed Tahri
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ._h11 import HTTP1ProtocolHyperImpl
+
+__all__ = ("HTTP1ProtocolHyperImpl",)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/hface/protocols/http1/_h11.py

@@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
+# Copyright 2022 Akamai Technologies, Inc
+# Largely rewritten in 2023 for urllib3-future
+# Copyright 2024 Ahmed Tahri
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import warnings
+from functools import lru_cache
+
+import h11
+from h11._state import _SWITCH_UPGRADE, ConnectionState
+
+from ..._stream_matrix import StreamMatrix
+from ..._typing import HeadersType
+from ...events import (
+    ConnectionTerminated,
+    DataReceived,
+    EarlyHeadersReceived,
+    Event,
+    HeadersReceived,
+)
+from .._protocols import HTTP1Protocol
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=64)
+def capitalize_header_name(name: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Take a header name and capitalize it.
+    >>> capitalize_header_name(b"x-hEllo-wORLD")
+    'X-Hello-World'
+    >>> capitalize_header_name(b"server")
+    'Server'
+    >>> capitalize_header_name(b"contEnt-TYPE")
+    'Content-Type'
+    >>> capitalize_header_name(b"content_type")
+    'Content-Type'
+    """
+    return b"-".join(el.capitalize() for el in name.split(b"-"))
+
+
+def headers_to_request(headers: HeadersType) -> h11.Event:
+    method = authority = path = host = None
+    regular_headers = []
+
+    for name, value in headers:
+        if name.startswith(b":"):
+            if name == b":method":
+                method = value
+            elif name == b":scheme":
+                pass
+            elif name == b":authority":
+                authority = value
+            elif name == b":path":
+                path = value
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("Unexpected request header: " + name.decode())
+        else:
+            if host is None and name == b"host":
+                host = value
+
+            # We found that many projects... actually expect the header name to be sent capitalized... hardcoded
+            # within their tests. Bad news, we have to keep doing this nonsense (namely capitalize_header_name)
+            regular_headers.append((capitalize_header_name(name), value))
+
+    if authority is None:
+        raise ValueError("Missing request header: :authority")
+
+    if method == b"CONNECT" and path is None:
+        # CONNECT requests are a special case.
+        target = authority
+    else:
+        target = path  # type: ignore[assignment]
+
+    if host is None:
+        regular_headers.insert(0, (b"Host", authority))
+    elif host != authority:
+        raise ValueError("Host header does not match :authority.")
+
+    return h11.Request(
+        method=method,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        headers=regular_headers,
+        target=target,
+    )
+
+
+def headers_from_response(
+    response: h11.InformationalResponse | h11.Response,
+) -> HeadersType:
+    """
+    Converts an HTTP/1.0 or HTTP/1.1 response to HTTP/2-like headers.
+
+    Generates from pseudo (colon) headers from a response line.
+    """
+    return [
+        (b":status", str(response.status_code).encode("ascii"))
+    ] + response.headers.raw_items()
+
+
+class RelaxConnectionState(ConnectionState):
+    def process_event(  # type: ignore[no-untyped-def]
+        self,
+        role,
+        event_type,
+        server_switch_event=None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if server_switch_event is not None:
+            if server_switch_event not in self.pending_switch_proposals:
+                if server_switch_event is _SWITCH_UPGRADE:
+                    warnings.warn(
+                        f"Received server {server_switch_event} event without a pending proposal. "
+                        "This will raise an exception in a future version. It is temporarily relaxed to match the "
+                        "legacy http.client standard library.",
+                        DeprecationWarning,
+                        stacklevel=2,
+                    )
+                    self.pending_switch_proposals.add(_SWITCH_UPGRADE)
+
+        return super().process_event(role, event_type, server_switch_event)
+
+
+class HTTP1ProtocolHyperImpl(HTTP1Protocol):
+    implementation: str = "h11"
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._connection: h11.Connection = h11.Connection(h11.CLIENT)
+        self._connection._cstate = RelaxConnectionState()
+
+        self._data_buffer: list[bytes] = []
+        self._events: StreamMatrix = StreamMatrix()
+        self._terminated: bool = False
+        self._switched: bool = False
+
+        self._current_stream_id: int = 1
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def exceptions() -> tuple[type[BaseException], ...]:
+        return h11.LocalProtocolError, h11.ProtocolError, h11.RemoteProtocolError
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        return self._connection.our_state == self._connection.their_state == h11.IDLE
+
+    @property
+    def max_stream_count(self) -> int:
+        return 1
+
+    def is_idle(self) -> bool:
+        return self._connection.their_state in {
+            h11.IDLE,
+            h11.MUST_CLOSE,
+        }
+
+    def has_expired(self) -> bool:
+        return self._terminated
+
+    def get_available_stream_id(self) -> int:
+        if not self.is_available():
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Cannot generate a new stream ID because the connection is not idle. "
+                "HTTP/1.1 is not multiplexed and we do not support HTTP pipelining."
+            )
+        return self._current_stream_id
+
+    def submit_close(self, error_code: int = 0) -> None:
+        pass  # no-op
+
+    def submit_headers(
+        self, stream_id: int, headers: HeadersType, end_stream: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        if stream_id != self._current_stream_id:
+            raise ValueError("Invalid stream ID.")
+
+        self._h11_submit(headers_to_request(headers))
+
+        if end_stream:
+            self._h11_submit(h11.EndOfMessage())
+
+    def submit_data(
+        self, stream_id: int, data: bytes, end_stream: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        if stream_id != self._current_stream_id:
+            raise ValueError("Invalid stream ID.")
+        if self._connection.their_state == h11.SWITCHED_PROTOCOL:
+            self._data_buffer.append(data)
+            if end_stream:
+                self._events.append(self._connection_terminated())
+            return
+        self._h11_submit(h11.Data(data))
+        if end_stream:
+            self._h11_submit(h11.EndOfMessage())
+
+    def submit_stream_reset(self, stream_id: int, error_code: int = 0) -> None:
+        # HTTP/1 cannot submit a stream (it does not have real streams).
+        # But if there are no other streams, we can close the connection instead.
+        self.connection_lost()
+
+    def connection_lost(self) -> None:
+        if self._connection.their_state == h11.SWITCHED_PROTOCOL:
+            self._events.append(self._connection_terminated())
+            return
+        # This method is called when the connection is closed without an EOF.
+        # But not all connections support EOF, so being here does not
+        # necessarily mean that something when wrong.
+        #
+        # The tricky part is that HTTP/1.0 server can send responses
+        # without Content-Length or Transfer-Encoding headers,
+        # meaning that a response body is closed with the connection.
+        # In such cases, we require a proper EOF to distinguish complete
+        # messages from partial messages interrupted by network failure.
+        if not self._terminated:
+            self._connection.send_failed()
+            self._events.append(self._connection_terminated())
+
+    def eof_received(self) -> None:
+        if self._connection.their_state == h11.SWITCHED_PROTOCOL:
+            self._events.append(self._connection_terminated())
+            return
+        self._h11_data_received(b"")
+
+    def bytes_received(self, data: bytes) -> None:
+        if not data:
+            return  # h11 treats empty data as EOF.
+        if self._connection.their_state == h11.SWITCHED_PROTOCOL:
+            self._events.append(DataReceived(self._current_stream_id, data))
+            return
+        else:
+            self._h11_data_received(data)
+
+    def bytes_to_send(self) -> bytes:
+        data = b"".join(self._data_buffer)
+        self._data_buffer.clear()
+        self._maybe_start_next_cycle()
+        return data
+
+    def next_event(self, stream_id: int | None = None) -> Event | None:
+        return self._events.popleft(stream_id=stream_id)
+
+    def has_pending_event(
+        self,
+        *,
+        stream_id: int | None = None,
+        excl_event: tuple[type[Event], ...] | None = None,
+    ) -> bool:
+        return self._events.has(stream_id=stream_id, excl_event=excl_event)
+
+    def _h11_submit(self, h11_event: h11.Event) -> None:
+        chunks = self._connection.send_with_data_passthrough(h11_event)
+        if chunks:
+            self._data_buffer += chunks
+
+    def _h11_data_received(self, data: bytes) -> None:
+        self._connection.receive_data(data)
+        self._fetch_events()
+
+    def _fetch_events(self) -> None:
+        a = self._events.append
+        while not self._terminated:
+            try:
+                h11_event = self._connection.next_event()
+            except h11.RemoteProtocolError as e:
+                a(self._connection_terminated(e.error_status_hint, str(e)))
+                break
+
+            ev_type = h11_event.__class__
+
+            if h11_event is h11.NEED_DATA or h11_event is h11.PAUSED:
+                if h11.MUST_CLOSE == self._connection.their_state:
+                    a(self._connection_terminated())
+                else:
+                    break
+            elif ev_type is h11.Response:
+                a(
+                    HeadersReceived(
+                        self._current_stream_id,
+                        headers_from_response(h11_event),  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                    )
+                )
+            elif ev_type is h11.InformationalResponse:
+                a(
+                    EarlyHeadersReceived(
+                        stream_id=self._current_stream_id,
+                        headers=headers_from_response(h11_event),  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                    )
+                )
+            elif ev_type is h11.Data:
+                # officially h11 typed data as "bytes"
+                # but we... found that it store bytearray sometime.
+                payload = h11_event.data  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+                a(
+                    DataReceived(
+                        self._current_stream_id,
+                        bytes(payload) if payload.__class__ is bytearray else payload,
+                    )
+                )
+            elif ev_type is h11.EndOfMessage:
+                # HTTP/2 and HTTP/3 send END_STREAM flag with HEADERS and DATA frames.
+                # We emulate similar behavior for HTTP/1.
+                if h11_event.headers:  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+                    last_event: HeadersReceived | DataReceived = HeadersReceived(
+                        self._current_stream_id,
+                        h11_event.headers,  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+                        self._connection.their_state != h11.MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL,  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                    )
+                else:
+                    last_event = DataReceived(
+                        self._current_stream_id,
+                        b"",
+                        self._connection.their_state != h11.MIGHT_SWITCH_PROTOCOL,  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                    )
+                a(last_event)
+                self._maybe_start_next_cycle()
+            elif ev_type is h11.ConnectionClosed:
+                a(self._connection_terminated())
+
+    def _connection_terminated(
+        self, error_code: int = 0, message: str | None = None
+    ) -> Event:
+        self._terminated = True
+        return ConnectionTerminated(error_code, message)
+
+    def _maybe_start_next_cycle(self) -> None:
+        if h11.DONE == self._connection.our_state == self._connection.their_state:
+            self._connection.start_next_cycle()
+            self._current_stream_id += 1
+        if h11.SWITCHED_PROTOCOL == self._connection.their_state and not self._switched:
+            data, closed = self._connection.trailing_data
+            if data:
+                self._events.append(DataReceived(self._current_stream_id, data))
+            self._switched = True
+
+    def reshelve(self, *events: Event) -> None:
+        for ev in reversed(events):
+            self._events.appendleft(ev)
+
+    def ping(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError("http1 does not support PING")

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/hface/protocols/http2/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# Copyright 2022 Akamai Technologies, Inc
+# Largely rewritten in 2023 for urllib3-future
+# Copyright 2024 Ahmed Tahri
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ._h2 import HTTP2ProtocolHyperImpl
+
+__all__ = ("HTTP2ProtocolHyperImpl",)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/hface/protocols/http2/_h2.py

@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+# Copyright 2022 Akamai Technologies, Inc
+# Largely rewritten in 2023 for urllib3-future
+# Copyright 2024 Ahmed Tahri
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from secrets import token_bytes
+from typing import Iterator
+
+import jh2.config  # type: ignore
+import jh2.connection  # type: ignore
+import jh2.errors  # type: ignore
+import jh2.events  # type: ignore
+import jh2.exceptions  # type: ignore
+import jh2.settings  # type: ignore
+
+from ..._stream_matrix import StreamMatrix
+from ..._typing import HeadersType
+from ...events import (
+    ConnectionTerminated,
+    DataReceived,
+    EarlyHeadersReceived,
+    Event,
+    GoawayReceived,
+    HandshakeCompleted,
+    HeadersReceived,
+    StreamResetReceived,
+)
+from .._protocols import HTTP2Protocol
+
+
+class _PatchedH2Connection(jh2.connection.H2Connection):  # type: ignore[misc]
+    """
+    This is a performance hotfix class. We internally, already keep
+    track of the open stream count.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        config: jh2.config.H2Configuration | None = None,
+        observable_impl: HTTP2ProtocolHyperImpl | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(config=config)
+        # by default CONNECT is disabled
+        # we need it to support natively WebSocket over HTTP/2 for example.
+        self.local_settings = jh2.settings.Settings(
+            client=True,
+            initial_values={
+                jh2.settings.SettingCodes.MAX_CONCURRENT_STREAMS: 100,
+                jh2.settings.SettingCodes.MAX_HEADER_LIST_SIZE: self.DEFAULT_MAX_HEADER_LIST_SIZE,
+                jh2.settings.SettingCodes.ENABLE_CONNECT_PROTOCOL: 1,
+            },
+        )
+        self._observable_impl = observable_impl
+
+    def _open_streams(self, *args, **kwargs) -> int:  # type: ignore[no-untyped-def]
+        if self._observable_impl is not None:
+            return self._observable_impl._open_stream_count
+        return super()._open_streams(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore[no-any-return]
+
+    def _receive_goaway_frame(self, frame):  # type: ignore[no-untyped-def]
+        """
+        Receive a GOAWAY frame on the connection.
+        We purposely override this method to work around a known bug of jh2.
+        """
+        events = self.state_machine.process_input(
+            jh2.connection.ConnectionInputs.RECV_GOAWAY
+        )
+
+        err_code = jh2.errors._error_code_from_int(frame.error_code)
+
+        # GOAWAY allows an
+        # endpoint to gracefully stop accepting new streams while still
+        # finishing processing of previously established streams.
+        # see https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7540#section-6.8
+        # hyper/h2 does not allow such a thing for now. let's work around this.
+        if (
+            err_code == 0
+            and self._observable_impl is not None
+            and self._observable_impl._open_stream_count > 0
+        ):
+            self.state_machine.state = jh2.connection.ConnectionState.CLIENT_OPEN
+
+        # Clear the outbound data buffer: we cannot send further data now.
+        self.clear_outbound_data_buffer()
+
+        # Fire an appropriate ConnectionTerminated event.
+        new_event = jh2.events.ConnectionTerminated()
+        new_event.error_code = err_code
+        new_event.last_stream_id = frame.last_stream_id
+        new_event.additional_data = (
+            frame.additional_data if frame.additional_data else None
+        )
+        events.append(new_event)
+
+        return [], events
+
+
+HEADER_OR_TRAILER_TYPE_SET = {
+    jh2.events.ResponseReceived,
+    jh2.events.TrailersReceived,
+}
+
+
+class HTTP2ProtocolHyperImpl(HTTP2Protocol):
+    implementation: str = "h2"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        validate_outbound_headers: bool = False,
+        validate_inbound_headers: bool = False,
+        normalize_outbound_headers: bool = False,
+        normalize_inbound_headers: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._connection: jh2.connection.H2Connection = _PatchedH2Connection(
+            jh2.config.H2Configuration(
+                client_side=True,
+                validate_outbound_headers=validate_outbound_headers,
+                normalize_outbound_headers=normalize_outbound_headers,
+                validate_inbound_headers=validate_inbound_headers,
+                normalize_inbound_headers=normalize_inbound_headers,
+            ),
+            observable_impl=self,
+        )
+        self._open_stream_count: int = 0
+        self._connection.initiate_connection()
+        self._connection.increment_flow_control_window(2**24)
+        self._events: StreamMatrix = StreamMatrix()
+        self._terminated: bool = False
+        self._goaway_to_honor: bool = False
+        self._max_stream_count: int = (
+            self._connection.remote_settings.max_concurrent_streams
+        )
+        self._max_frame_size: int = self._connection.remote_settings.max_frame_size
+
+    def max_frame_size(self) -> int:
+        return self._max_frame_size
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def exceptions() -> tuple[type[BaseException], ...]:
+        return jh2.exceptions.ProtocolError, jh2.exceptions.H2Error
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        if self._terminated:
+            return False
+        return self._max_stream_count > self._open_stream_count
+
+    @property
+    def max_stream_count(self) -> int:
+        return self._max_stream_count
+
+    def is_idle(self) -> bool:
+        return self._terminated is False and self._open_stream_count == 0
+
+    def has_expired(self) -> bool:
+        return self._terminated or self._goaway_to_honor
+
+    def get_available_stream_id(self) -> int:
+        return self._connection.get_next_available_stream_id()  # type: ignore[no-any-return]
+
+    def submit_close(self, error_code: int = 0) -> None:
+        self._connection.close_connection(error_code)
+
+    def submit_headers(
+        self, stream_id: int, headers: HeadersType, end_stream: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        self._connection.send_headers(stream_id, headers, end_stream)
+        self._connection.increment_flow_control_window(2**24, stream_id=stream_id)
+        self._open_stream_count += 1
+
+    def submit_data(
+        self, stream_id: int, data: bytes, end_stream: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        self._connection.send_data(stream_id, data, end_stream)
+
+    def submit_stream_reset(self, stream_id: int, error_code: int = 0) -> None:
+        self._connection.reset_stream(stream_id, error_code)
+
+    def next_event(self, stream_id: int | None = None) -> Event | None:
+        return self._events.popleft(stream_id=stream_id)
+
+    def has_pending_event(
+        self,
+        *,
+        stream_id: int | None = None,
+        excl_event: tuple[type[Event], ...] | None = None,
+    ) -> bool:
+        return self._events.has(stream_id=stream_id, excl_event=excl_event)
+
+    def _map_events(self, h2_events: list[jh2.events.Event]) -> Iterator[Event]:
+        for e in h2_events:
+            ev_type = e.__class__
+
+            if ev_type in HEADER_OR_TRAILER_TYPE_SET:
+                end_stream = e.stream_ended is not None
+                if end_stream:
+                    self._open_stream_count -= 1
+                    stream = self._connection.streams.pop(e.stream_id)
+                    self._connection._closed_streams[e.stream_id] = stream.closed_by
+                yield HeadersReceived(e.stream_id, e.headers, end_stream=end_stream)
+            elif ev_type is jh2.events.DataReceived:
+                end_stream = e.stream_ended is not None
+                if end_stream:
+                    self._open_stream_count -= 1
+                    stream = self._connection.streams.pop(e.stream_id)
+                    self._connection._closed_streams[e.stream_id] = stream.closed_by
+                self._connection.acknowledge_received_data(
+                    e.flow_controlled_length, e.stream_id
+                )
+                yield DataReceived(e.stream_id, e.data, end_stream=end_stream)
+            elif ev_type is jh2.events.InformationalResponseReceived:
+                yield EarlyHeadersReceived(
+                    e.stream_id,
+                    e.headers,
+                )
+            elif ev_type is jh2.events.StreamReset:
+                self._open_stream_count -= 1
+                # event StreamEnded may occur before StreamReset
+                if e.stream_id in self._connection.streams:
+                    stream = self._connection.streams.pop(e.stream_id)
+                    self._connection._closed_streams[e.stream_id] = stream.closed_by
+                yield StreamResetReceived(e.stream_id, e.error_code)
+            elif ev_type is jh2.events.ConnectionTerminated:
+                # ConnectionTerminated from h2 means that GOAWAY was received.
+                # A server can send GOAWAY for graceful shutdown, where clients
+                # do not open new streams, but inflight requests can be completed.
+                #
+                # Saying "connection was terminated" can be confusing,
+                # so we emit an event called "GoawayReceived".
+                if e.error_code == 0:
+                    self._goaway_to_honor = True
+                    yield GoawayReceived(e.last_stream_id, e.error_code)
+                else:
+                    self._terminated = True
+                    yield ConnectionTerminated(e.error_code, None)
+            elif ev_type in {
+                jh2.events.SettingsAcknowledged,
+                jh2.events.RemoteSettingsChanged,
+            }:
+                yield HandshakeCompleted(alpn_protocol="h2")
+
+    def connection_lost(self) -> None:
+        self._connection_terminated()
+
+    def eof_received(self) -> None:
+        self._connection_terminated()
+
+    def bytes_received(self, data: bytes) -> None:
+        if not data:
+            return
+
+        try:
+            h2_events = self._connection.receive_data(data)
+        except jh2.exceptions.ProtocolError as e:
+            self._connection_terminated(e.error_code, str(e))
+        else:
+            self._events.extend(self._map_events(h2_events))
+
+        # we want to perpetually mark the connection as "saturated"
+        if self._goaway_to_honor:
+            self._max_stream_count = self._open_stream_count
+
+        if self._connection.remote_settings.has_update:
+            if not self._goaway_to_honor:
+                self._max_stream_count = (
+                    self._connection.remote_settings.max_concurrent_streams
+                )
+            self._max_frame_size = self._connection.remote_settings.max_frame_size
+
+    def bytes_to_send(self) -> bytes:
+        return self._connection.data_to_send()  # type: ignore[no-any-return]
+
+    def _connection_terminated(
+        self, error_code: int = 0, message: str | None = None
+    ) -> None:
+        if self._terminated:
+            return
+        error_code = int(error_code)  # Convert h2 IntEnum to an actual int
+        self._terminated = True
+        self._events.append(ConnectionTerminated(error_code, message))
+
+    def should_wait_remote_flow_control(
+        self, stream_id: int, amt: int | None = None
+    ) -> bool | None:
+        flow_remaining_bytes: int = self._connection.local_flow_control_window(
+            stream_id
+        )
+
+        if amt is None:
+            return flow_remaining_bytes == 0
+
+        return amt > flow_remaining_bytes
+
+    def reshelve(self, *events: Event) -> None:
+        for ev in reversed(events):
+            self._events.appendleft(ev)
+
+    def ping(self) -> None:
+        self._connection.ping(token_bytes(8))

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/hface/protocols/http3/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# Copyright 2022 Akamai Technologies, Inc
+# Largely rewritten in 2023 for urllib3-future
+# Copyright 2024 Ahmed Tahri
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ._qh3 import HTTP3ProtocolAioQuicImpl
+
+__all__ = ("HTTP3ProtocolAioQuicImpl",)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/hface/protocols/http3/_qh3.py

@@ -0,0 +1,592 @@
+# Copyright 2022 Akamai Technologies, Inc
+# Largely rewritten in 2023 for urllib3-future
+# Copyright 2024 Ahmed Tahri
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import datetime
+import ssl
+import typing
+from collections import deque
+from os import environ
+from random import randint
+from time import time as monotonic
+from typing import Any, Iterable, Sequence
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from typing_extensions import Literal
+
+from qh3 import (
+    CipherSuite,
+    H3Connection,
+    H3Error,
+    ProtocolError,
+    QuicConfiguration,
+    QuicConnection,
+    QuicConnectionError,
+    QuicFileLogger,
+    SessionTicket,
+    h3_events,
+    quic_events,
+)
+from qh3.h3.connection import FrameType
+from qh3.quic.connection import QuicConnectionState
+
+from ..._configuration import QuicTLSConfig
+from ..._stream_matrix import StreamMatrix
+from ..._typing import AddressType, HeadersType
+from ...events import (
+    ConnectionTerminated,
+    DataReceived,
+    EarlyHeadersReceived,
+    Event,
+    GoawayReceived,
+)
+from ...events import HandshakeCompleted as _HandshakeCompleted
+from ...events import HeadersReceived, StreamResetReceived
+from .._protocols import HTTP3Protocol
+
+
+QUIC_RELEVANT_EVENT_TYPES = {
+    quic_events.HandshakeCompleted,
+    quic_events.ConnectionTerminated,
+    quic_events.StreamReset,
+}
+
+
+class HTTP3ProtocolAioQuicImpl(HTTP3Protocol):
+    implementation: str = "qh3"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        remote_address: AddressType,
+        server_name: str,
+        tls_config: QuicTLSConfig,
+    ) -> None:
+        keylogfile_path: str | None = environ.get("SSLKEYLOGFILE", None)
+        qlogdir_path: str | None = environ.get("QUICLOGDIR", None)
+
+        self._configuration: QuicConfiguration = QuicConfiguration(
+            is_client=True,
+            verify_mode=ssl.CERT_NONE if tls_config.insecure else ssl.CERT_REQUIRED,
+            cafile=tls_config.cafile,
+            capath=tls_config.capath,
+            cadata=tls_config.cadata,
+            alpn_protocols=["h3"],
+            session_ticket=tls_config.session_ticket,
+            server_name=server_name,
+            hostname_checks_common_name=tls_config.cert_use_common_name,
+            assert_fingerprint=tls_config.cert_fingerprint,
+            verify_hostname=tls_config.verify_hostname,
+            secrets_log_file=open(keylogfile_path, "w") if keylogfile_path else None,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+            quic_logger=QuicFileLogger(qlogdir_path) if qlogdir_path else None,
+            idle_timeout=tls_config.idle_timeout,
+            max_data=2**24,
+            max_stream_data=2**24,
+        )
+
+        if tls_config.ciphers:
+            available_ciphers = {c.name: c for c in CipherSuite}
+            chosen_ciphers: list[CipherSuite] = []
+
+            for cipher in tls_config.ciphers:
+                if "name" in cipher and isinstance(cipher["name"], str):
+                    chosen_ciphers.append(
+                        available_ciphers[cipher["name"].replace("TLS_", "")]
+                    )
+
+            if len(chosen_ciphers) == 0:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Unable to find a compatible cipher in '{tls_config.ciphers}' to establish a QUIC connection. "
+                    f"QUIC support one of '{['TLS_' + e for e in available_ciphers.keys()]}' only."
+                )
+
+            self._configuration.cipher_suites = chosen_ciphers
+
+        if tls_config.certfile:
+            self._configuration.load_cert_chain(
+                tls_config.certfile,
+                tls_config.keyfile,
+                tls_config.keypassword,
+            )
+
+        self._quic: QuicConnection = QuicConnection(configuration=self._configuration)
+        self._connection_ids: set[bytes] = set()
+        self._remote_address = remote_address
+        self._events: StreamMatrix = StreamMatrix()
+        self._packets: deque[bytes] = deque()
+        self._http: H3Connection | None = None
+        self._terminated: bool = False
+        self._data_in_flight: bool = False
+        self._open_stream_count: int = 0
+        self._total_stream_count: int = 0
+        self._goaway_to_honor: bool = False
+        self._max_stream_count: int = (
+            100  # safe-default, broadly used. (and set by qh3)
+        )
+        self._max_frame_size: int | None = None
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def exceptions() -> tuple[type[BaseException], ...]:
+        return ProtocolError, H3Error, QuicConnectionError, AssertionError
+
+    @property
+    def max_stream_count(self) -> int:
+        return self._max_stream_count
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        return (
+            self._terminated is False
+            and self._max_stream_count > self._quic.open_outbound_streams
+        )
+
+    def is_idle(self) -> bool:
+        return self._terminated is False and self._open_stream_count == 0
+
+    def has_expired(self) -> bool:
+        if not self._terminated and not self._goaway_to_honor:
+            now = monotonic()
+            self._quic.handle_timer(now)
+            self._packets.extend(
+                map(lambda e: e[0], self._quic.datagrams_to_send(now=now))
+            )
+            if self._quic._state in {
+                QuicConnectionState.CLOSING,
+                QuicConnectionState.TERMINATED,
+            }:
+                self._terminated = True
+            if (
+                hasattr(self._quic, "_close_event")
+                and self._quic._close_event is not None
+            ):
+                self._events.extend(self._map_quic_event(self._quic._close_event))
+                self._terminated = True
+        return self._terminated or self._goaway_to_honor
+
+    @property
+    def session_ticket(self) -> SessionTicket | None:
+        return self._quic.tls.session_ticket if self._quic and self._quic.tls else None
+
+    def get_available_stream_id(self) -> int:
+        return self._quic.get_next_available_stream_id()
+
+    def submit_close(self, error_code: int = 0) -> None:
+        # QUIC has two different frame types for closing the connection.
+        # From RFC 9000 (QUIC: A UDP-Based Multiplexed and Secure Transport):
+        #
+        # > An endpoint sends a CONNECTION_CLOSE frame (type=0x1c or 0x1d)
+        # > to notify its peer that the connection is being closed.
+        # > The CONNECTION_CLOSE frame with a type of 0x1c is used to signal errors
+        # > at only the QUIC layer, or the absence of errors (with the NO_ERROR code).
+        # > The CONNECTION_CLOSE frame with a type of 0x1d is used
+        # > to signal an error with the application that uses QUIC.
+        frame_type = 0x1D if error_code else 0x1C
+        self._quic.close(error_code=error_code, frame_type=frame_type)
+
+    def submit_headers(
+        self, stream_id: int, headers: HeadersType, end_stream: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        assert self._http is not None
+        self._open_stream_count += 1
+        self._total_stream_count += 1
+        self._http.send_headers(stream_id, list(headers), end_stream)
+
+    def submit_data(
+        self, stream_id: int, data: bytes, end_stream: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        assert self._http is not None
+        self._http.send_data(stream_id, data, end_stream)
+        if end_stream is False:
+            self._data_in_flight = True
+
+    def submit_stream_reset(self, stream_id: int, error_code: int = 0) -> None:
+        self._quic.reset_stream(stream_id, error_code)
+
+    def next_event(self, stream_id: int | None = None) -> Event | None:
+        return self._events.popleft(stream_id=stream_id)
+
+    def has_pending_event(
+        self,
+        *,
+        stream_id: int | None = None,
+        excl_event: tuple[type[Event], ...] | None = None,
+    ) -> bool:
+        return self._events.has(stream_id=stream_id, excl_event=excl_event)
+
+    @property
+    def connection_ids(self) -> Sequence[bytes]:
+        return list(self._connection_ids)
+
+    def connection_lost(self) -> None:
+        self._terminated = True
+        self._events.append(ConnectionTerminated())
+
+    def bytes_received(self, data: bytes) -> None:
+        self._quic.receive_datagram(data, self._remote_address, now=monotonic())
+        self._fetch_events()
+
+        if self._data_in_flight:
+            self._data_in_flight = False
+
+        # we want to perpetually mark the connection as "saturated"
+        if self._goaway_to_honor:
+            self._max_stream_count = self._open_stream_count
+        else:
+            # This section may confuse beginners
+            # See RFC 9000 -> 19.11.  MAX_STREAMS Frames
+            # footer extract:
+            # Note that these frames (and the corresponding transport parameters)
+            #    do not describe the number of streams that can be opened
+            #    concurrently.  The limit includes streams that have been closed as
+            #    well as those that are open.
+            #
+            # so, finding that remote_max_streams_bidi is increasing constantly is normal.
+            new_stream_limit = (
+                self._quic._remote_max_streams_bidi - self._total_stream_count
+            )
+
+            if (
+                new_stream_limit
+                and new_stream_limit != self._max_stream_count
+                and new_stream_limit > 0
+            ):
+                self._max_stream_count = new_stream_limit
+
+            if (
+                self._quic._remote_max_stream_data_bidi_remote
+                and self._quic._remote_max_stream_data_bidi_remote
+                != self._max_frame_size
+            ):
+                self._max_frame_size = self._quic._remote_max_stream_data_bidi_remote
+
+    def bytes_to_send(self) -> bytes:
+        if not self._packets:
+            now = monotonic()
+
+            if self._http is None:
+                self._quic.connect(self._remote_address, now=now)
+                self._http = H3Connection(self._quic)
+
+            # the QUIC state machine returns datagrams (addr, packet)
+            # the client never have to worry about the destination
+            # unless server yield a preferred address?
+            self._packets.extend(
+                map(lambda e: e[0], self._quic.datagrams_to_send(now=now))
+            )
+
+        if not self._packets:
+            return b""
+
+        # it is absolutely crucial to return one at a time
+        # because UDP don't support sending more than
+        # MTU (to be more precise, lowest MTU in the network path from A (you) to B (server))
+        return self._packets.popleft()
+
+    def _fetch_events(self) -> None:
+        assert self._http is not None
+
+        for quic_event in iter(self._quic.next_event, None):
+            self._events.extend(self._map_quic_event(quic_event))
+            for h3_event in self._http.handle_event(quic_event):
+                self._events.extend(self._map_h3_event(h3_event))
+
+        if hasattr(self._quic, "_close_event") and self._quic._close_event is not None:
+            self._events.extend(self._map_quic_event(self._quic._close_event))
+
+    def _map_quic_event(self, quic_event: quic_events.QuicEvent) -> Iterable[Event]:
+        ev_type = quic_event.__class__
+
+        # fastest path execution, most of the time we don't have those
+        # 3 event types.
+        if ev_type not in QUIC_RELEVANT_EVENT_TYPES:
+            return
+
+        if ev_type is quic_events.HandshakeCompleted:
+            yield _HandshakeCompleted(quic_event.alpn_protocol)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        elif ev_type is quic_events.ConnectionTerminated:
+            if quic_event.frame_type == FrameType.GOAWAY.value:  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                self._goaway_to_honor = True
+                stream_list: list[int] = [
+                    e for e in self._events._matrix.keys() if e is not None
+                ]
+                yield GoawayReceived(stream_list[-1], quic_event.error_code)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+            else:
+                self._terminated = True
+                yield ConnectionTerminated(
+                    quic_event.error_code,  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                    quic_event.reason_phrase,  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                )
+        elif ev_type is quic_events.StreamReset:
+            self._open_stream_count -= 1
+            yield StreamResetReceived(quic_event.stream_id, quic_event.error_code)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+
+    def _map_h3_event(self, h3_event: h3_events.H3Event) -> Iterable[Event]:
+        ev_type = h3_event.__class__
+
+        if ev_type is h3_events.HeadersReceived:
+            if h3_event.stream_ended:  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                self._open_stream_count -= 1
+            yield HeadersReceived(
+                h3_event.stream_id,  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                h3_event.headers,  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                h3_event.stream_ended,  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+            )
+        elif ev_type is h3_events.DataReceived:
+            if h3_event.stream_ended:  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                self._open_stream_count -= 1
+            yield DataReceived(h3_event.stream_id, h3_event.data, h3_event.stream_ended)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        elif ev_type is h3_events.InformationalHeadersReceived:
+            yield EarlyHeadersReceived(
+                h3_event.stream_id,  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                h3_event.headers,  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+            )
+
+    def should_wait_remote_flow_control(
+        self, stream_id: int, amt: int | None = None
+    ) -> bool | None:
+        return self._data_in_flight
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def getissuercert(self, *, binary_form: Literal[True]) -> bytes | None: ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def getissuercert(
+        self, *, binary_form: Literal[False] = ...
+    ) -> dict[str, Any] | None: ...
+
+    def getissuercert(
+        self, *, binary_form: bool = False
+    ) -> bytes | dict[str, typing.Any] | None:
+        x509_certificate = self._quic.get_peercert()
+
+        if x509_certificate is None:
+            raise ValueError("TLS handshake has not been done yet")
+
+        if not self._quic.get_issuercerts():
+            return None
+
+        x509_certificate = self._quic.get_issuercerts()[0]
+
+        if binary_form:
+            return x509_certificate.public_bytes()
+
+        datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(
+            x509_certificate.not_valid_before, tz=datetime.timezone.utc
+        )
+
+        issuer_info = {
+            "version": x509_certificate.version + 1,
+            "serialNumber": x509_certificate.serial_number.upper(),
+            "subject": [],
+            "issuer": [],
+            "notBefore": datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(
+                x509_certificate.not_valid_before, tz=datetime.timezone.utc
+            ).strftime("%b %d %H:%M:%S %Y")
+            + " UTC",
+            "notAfter": datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(
+                x509_certificate.not_valid_after, tz=datetime.timezone.utc
+            ).strftime("%b %d %H:%M:%S %Y")
+            + " UTC",
+        }
+
+        _short_name_assoc = {
+            "CN": "commonName",
+            "L": "localityName",
+            "ST": "stateOrProvinceName",
+            "O": "organizationName",
+            "OU": "organizationalUnitName",
+            "C": "countryName",
+            "STREET": "streetAddress",
+            "DC": "domainComponent",
+            "E": "email",
+        }
+
+        for raw_oid, rfc4514_attribute_name, value in x509_certificate.subject:
+            if rfc4514_attribute_name not in _short_name_assoc:
+                continue
+            issuer_info["subject"].append(  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                (
+                    (
+                        _short_name_assoc[rfc4514_attribute_name],
+                        value.decode(),
+                    ),
+                )
+            )
+
+        for raw_oid, rfc4514_attribute_name, value in x509_certificate.issuer:
+            if rfc4514_attribute_name not in _short_name_assoc:
+                continue
+            issuer_info["issuer"].append(  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                (
+                    (
+                        _short_name_assoc[rfc4514_attribute_name],
+                        value.decode(),
+                    ),
+                )
+            )
+
+        return issuer_info
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def getpeercert(self, *, binary_form: Literal[True]) -> bytes: ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def getpeercert(self, *, binary_form: Literal[False] = ...) -> dict[str, Any]: ...
+
+    def getpeercert(
+        self, *, binary_form: bool = False
+    ) -> bytes | dict[str, typing.Any]:
+        x509_certificate = self._quic.get_peercert()
+
+        if x509_certificate is None:
+            raise ValueError("TLS handshake has not been done yet")
+
+        if binary_form:
+            return x509_certificate.public_bytes()
+
+        peer_info = {
+            "version": x509_certificate.version + 1,
+            "serialNumber": x509_certificate.serial_number.upper(),
+            "subject": [],
+            "issuer": [],
+            "notBefore": datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(
+                x509_certificate.not_valid_before, tz=datetime.timezone.utc
+            ).strftime("%b %d %H:%M:%S %Y")
+            + " UTC",
+            "notAfter": datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(
+                x509_certificate.not_valid_after, tz=datetime.timezone.utc
+            ).strftime("%b %d %H:%M:%S %Y")
+            + " UTC",
+            "subjectAltName": [],
+            "OCSP": [],
+            "caIssuers": [],
+            "crlDistributionPoints": [],
+        }
+
+        _short_name_assoc = {
+            "CN": "commonName",
+            "L": "localityName",
+            "ST": "stateOrProvinceName",
+            "O": "organizationName",
+            "OU": "organizationalUnitName",
+            "C": "countryName",
+            "STREET": "streetAddress",
+            "DC": "domainComponent",
+            "E": "email",
+        }
+
+        for raw_oid, rfc4514_attribute_name, value in x509_certificate.subject:
+            if rfc4514_attribute_name not in _short_name_assoc:
+                continue
+            peer_info["subject"].append(  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                (
+                    (
+                        _short_name_assoc[rfc4514_attribute_name],
+                        value.decode(),
+                    ),
+                )
+            )
+
+        for raw_oid, rfc4514_attribute_name, value in x509_certificate.issuer:
+            if rfc4514_attribute_name not in _short_name_assoc:
+                continue
+            peer_info["issuer"].append(  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                (
+                    (
+                        _short_name_assoc[rfc4514_attribute_name],
+                        value.decode(),
+                    ),
+                )
+            )
+
+        for alt_name in x509_certificate.get_subject_alt_names():
+            decoded_alt_name = alt_name.decode()
+            in_parenthesis = decoded_alt_name[
+                decoded_alt_name.index("(") + 1 : decoded_alt_name.index(")")
+            ]
+            if decoded_alt_name.startswith("DNS"):
+                peer_info["subjectAltName"].append(("DNS", in_parenthesis))  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+            else:
+                from ....resolver.utils import inet4_ntoa, inet6_ntoa
+
+                if len(in_parenthesis) == 11:
+                    ip_address_decoded = inet4_ntoa(
+                        bytes.fromhex(in_parenthesis.replace(":", ""))
+                    )
+                else:
+                    ip_address_decoded = inet6_ntoa(
+                        bytes.fromhex(in_parenthesis.replace(":", ""))
+                    )
+                peer_info["subjectAltName"].append(("IP Address", ip_address_decoded))  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+
+        peer_info["OCSP"] = []
+
+        for endpoint in x509_certificate.get_ocsp_endpoints():
+            decoded_endpoint = endpoint.decode()
+
+            peer_info["OCSP"].append(  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                decoded_endpoint[decoded_endpoint.index("(") + 1 : -1]
+            )
+
+        peer_info["caIssuers"] = []
+
+        for endpoint in x509_certificate.get_issuer_endpoints():
+            decoded_endpoint = endpoint.decode()
+            peer_info["caIssuers"].append(  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                decoded_endpoint[decoded_endpoint.index("(") + 1 : -1]
+            )
+
+        peer_info["crlDistributionPoints"] = []
+
+        for endpoint in x509_certificate.get_crl_endpoints():
+            decoded_endpoint = endpoint.decode()
+            peer_info["crlDistributionPoints"].append(  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                decoded_endpoint[decoded_endpoint.index("(") + 1 : -1]
+            )
+
+        pop_keys = []
+
+        for k in peer_info:
+            if isinstance(peer_info[k], list):
+                peer_info[k] = tuple(peer_info[k])  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                if not peer_info[k]:
+                    pop_keys.append(k)
+
+        for k in pop_keys:
+            peer_info.pop(k)
+
+        return peer_info
+
+    def cipher(self) -> str | None:
+        cipher_suite = self._quic.get_cipher()
+
+        if cipher_suite is None:
+            raise ValueError("TLS handshake has not been done yet")
+
+        return f"TLS_{cipher_suite.name}"
+
+    def reshelve(self, *events: Event) -> None:
+        for ev in reversed(events):
+            self._events.appendleft(ev)
+
+    def ping(self) -> None:
+        self._quic.send_ping(randint(0, 65535))
+
+    def max_frame_size(self) -> int:
+        if self._max_frame_size is not None:
+            return self._max_frame_size
+
+        raise NotImplementedError

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/imcc/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import typing
+from io import UnsupportedOperation
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import ssl
+
+from ._ctypes import load_cert_chain as _ctypes_load_cert_chain
+from ._shm import load_cert_chain as _shm_load_cert_chain
+
+SUPPORTED_METHODS: list[
+    typing.Callable[
+        [
+            ssl.SSLContext,
+            bytes | str,
+            bytes | str,
+            bytes | str | typing.Callable[[], str | bytes] | None,
+        ],
+        None,
+    ]
+] = [
+    _ctypes_load_cert_chain,
+    _shm_load_cert_chain,
+]
+
+
+def load_cert_chain(
+    ctx: ssl.SSLContext,
+    certdata: bytes | str,
+    keydata: bytes | str,
+    password: bytes | str | typing.Callable[[], str | bytes] | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Unique workaround the known limitation of CPython inability to initialize the mTLS context without files.
+    :raise UnsupportedOperation: If anything goes wrong in the process.
+    """
+    err = None
+
+    for supported in SUPPORTED_METHODS:
+        try:
+            supported(
+                ctx,
+                certdata,
+                keydata,
+                password,
+            )
+            return
+        except UnsupportedOperation as e:
+            if err is None:
+                err = e
+
+    if err is not None:
+        raise err
+
+    raise UnsupportedOperation("unable to initialize mTLS using in-memory cert and key")
+
+
+__all__ = ("load_cert_chain",)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/imcc/_ctypes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,376 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import ctypes
+import os
+import sys
+import typing
+from io import UnsupportedOperation
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import ssl
+
+
+class _OpenSSL:
+    """Access hazardous material from CPython OpenSSL (or compatible SSL) implementation."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        import platform
+
+        if platform.python_implementation() != "CPython":
+            raise UnsupportedOperation("Only CPython is supported")
+
+        import ssl
+
+        self._name = ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION
+        self.ssl = ssl
+
+        # bug seen in Windows + CPython < 3.11
+        # where CPython official API for options
+        # cast OpenSSL get_options to SIGNED long
+        # where we want UNSIGNED long.
+        _ssl_options_signed_long_bug = False
+
+        if not hasattr(ssl, "_ssl"):
+            raise UnsupportedOperation(
+                "Unsupported interpreter due to missing private ssl module"
+            )
+
+        if platform.system() == "Windows":
+            # possible search locations
+            candidates = {
+                os.path.dirname(sys.executable),
+                os.path.join(sys.prefix, "DLLs"),
+                sys.prefix,
+            }
+
+            if hasattr(ssl._ssl, "__file__"):
+                candidates.add(os.path.dirname(ssl._ssl.__file__))
+
+            _ssl_options_signed_long_bug = sys.version_info < (3, 11)
+
+            ssl_potential_match = None
+            crypto_potential_match = None
+
+            for d in candidates:
+                if not os.path.exists(d):
+                    continue
+
+                for filename in os.listdir(d):
+                    if ssl_potential_match is None:
+                        if filename.startswith("libssl") and filename.endswith(".dll"):
+                            ssl_potential_match = os.path.join(d, filename)
+
+                    if crypto_potential_match is None:
+                        if filename.startswith("libcrypto") and filename.endswith(
+                            ".dll"
+                        ):
+                            crypto_potential_match = os.path.join(d, filename)
+
+                if crypto_potential_match and ssl_potential_match:
+                    break
+
+            if not ssl_potential_match or not crypto_potential_match:
+                raise UnsupportedOperation(
+                    "Could not locate OpenSSL DLLs next to Python; "
+                    "check your /DLLs folder or your PATH."
+                )
+
+            self._ssl = ctypes.CDLL(ssl_potential_match)
+            self._crypto = ctypes.CDLL(crypto_potential_match)
+        else:
+            # that's the most common path
+            # ssl built in module already loaded both crypto and ssl
+            # symbols.
+            if hasattr(ssl._ssl, "__file__"):
+                self._ssl = ctypes.CDLL(ssl._ssl.__file__)
+            else:
+                # _ssl is statically linked into the interpreter
+                # (e.g. python-build-standalone via uv). OpenSSL symbols
+                # are in the main process image; ctypes.CDLL(None) exposes them.
+                # see https://github.com/jawah/urllib3.future/issues/325 for more
+                # details.
+                self._ssl = ctypes.CDLL(None)
+            self._crypto = self._ssl
+
+        # we want to ensure a minimal set of symbols
+        # are present. CPython should have at least:
+        for required_symbol in [
+            "SSL_CTX_use_certificate",
+            "SSL_CTX_check_private_key",
+            "SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey",
+        ]:
+            if not hasattr(self._ssl, required_symbol):
+                raise UnsupportedOperation(
+                    f"Python interpreter built against '{self._name}' is unsupported. (libssl) {required_symbol} is not present."
+                )
+
+        for required_symbol in [
+            "BIO_free",
+            "BIO_new_mem_buf",
+            "PEM_read_bio_X509",
+            "PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey",
+            "ERR_get_error",
+            "ERR_error_string",
+        ]:
+            if not hasattr(self._crypto, required_symbol):
+                raise UnsupportedOperation(
+                    f"Python interpreter built against '{self._name}' is unsupported. (libcrypto) {required_symbol} is not present."
+                )
+
+        # https://docs.openssl.org/3.0/man3/SSL_CTX_use_certificate/
+        self.SSL_CTX_use_certificate = self._ssl.SSL_CTX_use_certificate
+        self.SSL_CTX_use_certificate.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p]
+        self.SSL_CTX_use_certificate.restype = ctypes.c_int
+
+        self.SSL_CTX_check_private_key = self._ssl.SSL_CTX_check_private_key
+        self.SSL_CTX_check_private_key.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p]
+        self.SSL_CTX_check_private_key.restype = ctypes.c_int
+
+        # https://docs.openssl.org/3.0/man3/BIO_new/
+        self.BIO_free = self._crypto.BIO_free
+        self.BIO_free.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p]
+        self.BIO_free.restype = None
+
+        self.BIO_new_mem_buf = self._crypto.BIO_new_mem_buf
+        self.BIO_new_mem_buf.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_int]
+        self.BIO_new_mem_buf.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
+
+        # https://docs.openssl.org/3.0/man3/PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey/
+        self.PEM_read_bio_X509 = self._crypto.PEM_read_bio_X509
+        self.PEM_read_bio_X509.argtypes = [
+            ctypes.c_void_p,
+            ctypes.c_void_p,
+            ctypes.c_void_p,
+            ctypes.c_void_p,
+        ]
+        self.PEM_read_bio_X509.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
+
+        self.PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey = self._crypto.PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey
+        self.PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey.argtypes = [
+            ctypes.c_void_p,
+            ctypes.c_void_p,
+            ctypes.c_void_p,
+            ctypes.c_void_p,
+        ]
+        self.PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
+
+        # https://docs.openssl.org/3.0/man3/SSL_CTX_use_certificate/
+        self.SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey = self._ssl.SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey
+        self.SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p]
+        self.SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey.restype = ctypes.c_int
+
+        self.ERR_get_error = self._crypto.ERR_get_error
+        self.ERR_get_error.argtypes = []
+        self.ERR_get_error.restype = ctypes.c_ulong
+
+        self.ERR_error_string = self._crypto.ERR_error_string
+        self.ERR_error_string.argtypes = [ctypes.c_ulong, ctypes.c_char_p]
+        self.ERR_error_string.restype = ctypes.c_char_p
+
+        if hasattr(self._ssl, "SSL_CTX_get_options"):
+            self.SSL_CTX_get_options = self._ssl.SSL_CTX_get_options
+            self.SSL_CTX_get_options.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p]
+            self.SSL_CTX_get_options.restype = (
+                ctypes.c_ulong if not _ssl_options_signed_long_bug else ctypes.c_long
+            )  # OpenSSL's options are long
+        elif hasattr(self._ssl, "SSL_CTX_ctrl"):
+            # some old build inline SSL_CTX_get_options (mere C define)
+            # define SSL_CTX_get_options(ctx) SSL_CTX_ctrl((ctx),SSL_CTRL_OPTIONS,0,NULL)
+            # define SSL_CTRL_OPTIONS                        32
+
+            self.SSL_CTX_ctrl = self._ssl.SSL_CTX_ctrl
+            self.SSL_CTX_ctrl.argtypes = [
+                ctypes.c_void_p,
+                ctypes.c_int,
+                ctypes.c_int,
+                ctypes.c_void_p,
+            ]
+            self.SSL_CTX_ctrl.restype = (
+                ctypes.c_ulong if not _ssl_options_signed_long_bug else ctypes.c_long
+            )
+
+            self.SSL_CTX_get_options = lambda ctx: self.SSL_CTX_ctrl(  # type: ignore[assignment]
+                ctx, 32, 0, None
+            )
+        else:
+            raise UnsupportedOperation()
+
+    def pull_error(self) -> typing.NoReturn:
+        raise self.ssl.SSLError(
+            self.ERR_error_string(
+                self.ERR_get_error(), ctypes.create_string_buffer(256)
+            ).decode()
+        )
+
+
+_IS_GIL_DISABLED = hasattr(sys, "_is_gil_enabled") and sys._is_gil_enabled() is False
+_IS_LINUX = sys.platform == "linux"
+_FT_HEAD_ADDITIONAL_OFFSET = 1 if _IS_LINUX else 2
+
+_head_extra_fields = []
+
+if sys.flags.debug:
+    # In debug builds (_POSIX_C_SOURCE or Py_DEBUG is defined), PyObject_HEAD
+    # is preceded by _PyObject_HEAD_EXTRA, which typically consists of
+    # two pointers (_ob_next, _ob_prev).
+    _head_extra_fields = [("_ob_next", ctypes.c_void_p), ("_ob_prev", ctypes.c_void_p)]
+
+
+# Define the PySSLContext C structure using ctypes.
+# This definition assumes that 'SSL_CTX *ctx' is the first member
+# immediately following PyObject_HEAD. This has been observed to be
+# the case in various CPython versions (e.g., 3.7 through 3.14 so far).
+#
+# CPython's Modules/_ssl.c (simplified):
+# typedef struct {
+#     PyObject_HEAD  // Expands to _PyObject_HEAD_EXTRA (if debug) + ob_refcnt + ob_type
+#     SSL_CTX *ctx;
+#     // ... other members ...
+# } PySSLContextObject;
+#
+class PySSLContextStruct(ctypes.Structure):
+    _fields_ = (
+        _head_extra_fields  # type: ignore[assignment]
+        + [
+            ("ob_refcnt", ctypes.c_ssize_t),  # Py_ssize_t ob_refcnt;
+            ("ob_type", ctypes.c_void_p),  # PyTypeObject *ob_type;
+        ]
+        + (
+            [(f"_ob_ft{i}", ctypes.c_void_p) for i in range(_FT_HEAD_ADDITIONAL_OFFSET)]
+            if _IS_GIL_DISABLED
+            else []
+        )
+        + [
+            ("ssl_ctx", ctypes.c_void_p),  # SSL_CTX *ctx; (this is the pointer we want)
+            # If there were other C members between ob_type and ssl_ctx,
+            # they would need to be defined here with their correct types and padding.
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+def _split_client_cert(data: bytes) -> list[bytes]:
+    line_ending = b"\n" if b"-----\r\n" not in data else b"\r\n"
+    boundary = b"-----END CERTIFICATE-----" + line_ending
+
+    certificates = []
+
+    for chunk in data.split(boundary):
+        if chunk:
+            start_marker = chunk.find(b"-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----" + line_ending)
+            if start_marker == -1:
+                break
+            pem_reconstructed = b"".join([chunk[start_marker:], boundary])
+            certificates.append(pem_reconstructed)
+
+    return certificates
+
+
+def load_cert_chain(
+    ctx: ssl.SSLContext,
+    certdata: bytes | str,
+    keydata: bytes | str,
+    password: bytes | str | typing.Callable[[], str | bytes] | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Unique workaround the known limitation of CPython inability to initialize the mTLS context without files.
+    :raise UnsupportedOperation: If anything goes wrong in the process.
+    """
+    lib = _OpenSSL()
+
+    # Get the memory address of the Python ssl.SSLContext object.
+    # id() returns the address of the PyObject.
+    addr = id(ctx)
+
+    # Cast this memory address to a pointer to our defined PySSLContextStruct.
+    ptr_to_pysslcontext_struct = ctypes.cast(addr, ctypes.POINTER(PySSLContextStruct))
+
+    # Access the 'ssl_ctx' field from the structure. This field holds the
+    # actual SSL_CTX* C pointer value.
+    ssl_ctx_address = ptr_to_pysslcontext_struct.contents.ssl_ctx
+
+    # We want to ensure we got the right pointer address
+    # the safest way to achieve that is to retrieve options
+    # and compare it with the official ctx property.
+    if lib.SSL_CTX_get_options is not None:
+        bypass_options = lib.SSL_CTX_get_options(ssl_ctx_address)
+        expected_options = int(ctx.options)
+
+        if bypass_options != expected_options:
+            raise UnsupportedOperation(
+                f"CPython internal SSL_CTX changed! Cannot pursue safely. Expected = {expected_options:x} Actual = {bypass_options:x}"
+            )
+
+    # normalize inputs
+    if isinstance(certdata, str):
+        certdata = certdata.encode()
+    if isinstance(keydata, str):
+        keydata = keydata.encode()
+
+    client_chain = _split_client_cert(certdata)
+
+    leaf_certificate = client_chain[0]
+
+    # Use a BIO to read the client certificate
+    # only the leaf certificate is supported here.
+    cert_bio = lib.BIO_new_mem_buf(leaf_certificate, len(leaf_certificate))
+
+    if not cert_bio:
+        raise MemoryError("Unable to allocate memory to load the client certificate")
+
+    # Use a BIO to load the key in-memory
+    key_bio = lib.BIO_new_mem_buf(keydata, len(keydata))
+
+    if not key_bio:
+        raise MemoryError("Unable to allocate memory to load the client key")
+
+    # prepare the password
+    if callable(password):
+        password = password()
+
+    if isinstance(password, str):
+        password = password.encode()
+
+    assert password is None or isinstance(password, bytes)
+
+    # the allocated X509 obj MUST NOT be freed by ourselves
+    # OpenSSL internals will free it once not needed.
+    cert = lib.PEM_read_bio_X509(cert_bio, None, None, None)
+
+    # we do own the BIO, once the X509 leaf is instantiated, no need
+    # to keep it afterward.
+    lib.BIO_free(cert_bio)
+
+    if not cert:
+        lib.pull_error()
+
+    pkey = lib.PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(key_bio, None, None, password)
+
+    lib.BIO_free(key_bio)
+
+    if not pkey:
+        lib.pull_error()
+
+    if lib.SSL_CTX_use_certificate(ssl_ctx_address, cert) != 1:
+        lib.pull_error()
+
+    if lib.SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey(ssl_ctx_address, pkey) != 1:
+        lib.pull_error()
+
+    if lib.SSL_CTX_check_private_key(ssl_ctx_address) != 1:
+        lib.pull_error()
+
+    # Unfortunately, most of the time
+    # SSL_CTX_add_extra_chain_cert is unavailable
+    # in the final CPython build.
+    # According to OpenSSL latest docs: "The engine
+    # will attempt to build the required chain for the CA store"
+    # It's not going to be used as a trust anchor! (i.e. not self-signed)
+    # "If no chain is specified, the library will try to complete the
+    # chain from the available CA certificates in the trusted
+    # CA storage, see SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(3)."
+    # see: https://docs.openssl.org/master/man3/SSL_CTX_add_extra_chain_cert/#notes
+    if len(client_chain) > 1:
+        ctx.load_verify_locations(cadata=(b"\n".join(client_chain[1:])).decode())
+
+
+__all__ = ("load_cert_chain",)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/imcc/_shm.py

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import secrets
+import stat
+import sys
+import typing
+import warnings
+from hashlib import sha256
+from io import UnsupportedOperation
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import ssl
+
+
+def load_cert_chain(
+    ctx: ssl.SSLContext,
+    certdata: str | bytes,
+    keydata: str | bytes | None = None,
+    password: typing.Callable[[], str | bytes] | str | bytes | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Unique workaround the known limitation of CPython inability to initialize the mTLS context without files.
+    Only supported on Linux, FreeBSD, and OpenBSD.
+    :raise UnsupportedOperation: If anything goes wrong in the process.
+    """
+    if (
+        sys.platform != "linux"
+        and sys.platform.startswith("freebsd") is False
+        and sys.platform.startswith("openbsd") is False
+    ):
+        raise UnsupportedOperation(
+            f"Unable to provide support for in-memory client certificate: Unsupported platform {sys.platform}"
+        )
+
+    unique_name: str = f"{sha256(secrets.token_bytes(32)).hexdigest()}.pem"
+
+    if isinstance(certdata, bytes):
+        certdata = certdata.decode("ascii")
+
+    if keydata is not None:
+        if isinstance(keydata, bytes):
+            keydata = keydata.decode("ascii")
+
+    if hasattr(os, "memfd_create"):
+        fd = os.memfd_create(unique_name, os.MFD_CLOEXEC)
+    else:
+        # this branch patch is for CPython <3.8 and PyPy 3.7+
+        from ctypes import c_int, c_ushort, cdll, create_string_buffer, get_errno, util
+
+        loc = util.find_library("rt") or util.find_library("c")
+
+        if not loc:
+            raise UnsupportedOperation(
+                "Unable to provide support for in-memory client certificate: libc or librt not found."
+            )
+
+        lib = cdll.LoadLibrary(loc)
+
+        _shm_open = lib.shm_open
+        # _shm_unlink = lib.shm_unlink
+
+        buf_name = create_string_buffer(unique_name.encode())
+
+        try:
+            fd = _shm_open(
+                buf_name,
+                c_int(os.O_RDWR | os.O_CREAT),
+                c_ushort(stat.S_IRUSR | stat.S_IWUSR),
+            )
+        except SystemError as e:
+            raise UnsupportedOperation(
+                f"Unable to provide support for in-memory client certificate: {e}"
+            )
+
+        if fd == -1:
+            raise UnsupportedOperation(
+                f"Unable to provide support for in-memory client certificate: {os.strerror(get_errno())}"
+            )
+
+    # Linux 3.17+
+    path = f"/proc/self/fd/{fd}"
+
+    # Alt-path
+    shm_path = f"/dev/shm/{unique_name}"
+
+    if os.path.exists(path) is False:
+        if os.path.exists(shm_path):
+            path = shm_path
+        else:
+            os.fdopen(fd).close()
+
+            raise UnsupportedOperation(
+                "Unable to provide support for in-memory client certificate: no virtual patch available?"
+            )
+
+    os.chmod(path, stat.S_IRUSR | stat.S_IWUSR)
+
+    with open(path, "w") as fp:
+        fp.write(certdata)
+
+        if keydata:
+            fp.write(keydata)
+
+        path = fp.name
+
+    ctx.load_cert_chain(path, password=password)
+
+    # we shall start cleaning remnants
+    os.fdopen(fd).close()
+
+    if os.path.exists(shm_path):
+        os.unlink(shm_path)
+
+    if os.path.exists(path) or os.path.exists(shm_path):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "In-memory client certificate: The kernel leaked a file descriptor outside of its expected lifetime.",
+            ResourceWarning,
+        )
+
+
+__all__ = ("load_cert_chain",)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/pyopenssl.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import warnings
+
+warnings.warn(
+    (
+        "'urllib3.contrib.pyopenssl' module has been removed in urllib3.future due to incompatibilities "
+        "with our QUIC integration. While the import proceed without error for your convenience, it is rendered "
+        "completely ineffective. Were you looking for in-memory client certificate? "
+        "See https://urllib3future.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advanced-usage.html#in-memory-client-mtls-certificate"
+    ),
+    category=DeprecationWarning,
+    stacklevel=2,
+)
+
+import OpenSSL.SSL  # type: ignore  # noqa
+
+__all__ = ["inject_into_urllib3", "extract_from_urllib3"]
+
+
+def inject_into_urllib3() -> None:
+    """Kept for BC-purposes."""
+    ...
+
+
+def extract_from_urllib3() -> None:
+    """Kept for BC-purposes."""
+    ...

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from .factories import ResolverDescription, ResolverFactory
+from .protocols import BaseResolver, ManyResolver, ProtocolResolver
+
+__all__ = (
+    "ResolverFactory",
+    "ProtocolResolver",
+    "BaseResolver",
+    "ManyResolver",
+    "ResolverDescription",
+)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/_async/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from .factories import AsyncResolverDescription, AsyncResolverFactory
+from .protocols import AsyncBaseResolver, AsyncManyResolver
+
+__all__ = (
+    "AsyncResolverDescription",
+    "AsyncResolverFactory",
+    "AsyncBaseResolver",
+    "AsyncManyResolver",
+)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/_async/doh/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ._urllib3 import (
+    AdGuardResolver,
+    CloudflareResolver,
+    GoogleResolver,
+    HTTPSResolver,
+    NextDNSResolver,
+    OpenDNSResolver,
+    Quad9Resolver,
+)
+
+__all__ = (
+    "HTTPSResolver",
+    "GoogleResolver",
+    "CloudflareResolver",
+    "AdGuardResolver",
+    "OpenDNSResolver",
+    "Quad9Resolver",
+    "NextDNSResolver",
+)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/_async/doh/_urllib3.py

@@ -0,0 +1,656 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import socket
+import typing
+from asyncio import as_completed
+from base64 import b64encode
+
+from ....._async.connectionpool import AsyncHTTPSConnectionPool
+from ....._async.response import AsyncHTTPResponse
+from ....._collections import HTTPHeaderDict
+from .....backend import ConnectionInfo, HttpVersion
+from .....util.url import parse_url
+from ...protocols import (
+    DomainNameServerQuery,
+    DomainNameServerReturn,
+    ProtocolResolver,
+    SupportedQueryType,
+)
+from ...utils import is_ipv4, is_ipv6, validate_length_of, parse_https_rdata
+from ..protocols import AsyncBaseResolver
+
+
+class HTTPSResolver(AsyncBaseResolver):
+    """
+    Advanced DNS over HTTPS resolver.
+    No common ground emerged from IETF w/ JSON. Following Google’s DNS over HTTPS schematics that is
+    also implemented at Cloudflare.
+
+    Support RFC 8484 without JSON. Disabled by default.
+    """
+
+    implementation = "urllib3"
+    protocol = ProtocolResolver.DOH
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        server: str | None,
+        port: int | None = None,
+        *patterns: str,
+        **kwargs: typing.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(server, port or 443, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+        self._path: str = "/resolve"
+
+        if "path" in kwargs:
+            if isinstance(kwargs["path"], str) and kwargs["path"] != "/":
+                self._path = kwargs["path"]
+            kwargs.pop("path")
+
+        self._rfc8484: bool = False
+
+        if "rfc8484" in kwargs:
+            if kwargs["rfc8484"]:
+                self._rfc8484 = True
+            kwargs.pop("rfc8484")
+
+        assert self._server is not None
+
+        if "source_address" in kwargs:
+            if isinstance(kwargs["source_address"], str):
+                bind_ip, bind_port = kwargs["source_address"].split(":", 1)
+
+                if bind_ip and bind_port.isdigit():
+                    kwargs["source_address"] = (
+                        bind_ip,
+                        int(bind_port),
+                    )
+                else:
+                    raise ValueError("invalid source_address given in parameters")
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("invalid source_address given in parameters")
+
+        if "proxy" in kwargs:
+            kwargs["_proxy"] = parse_url(kwargs["proxy"])
+            kwargs.pop("proxy")
+
+        if "maxsize" not in kwargs:
+            kwargs["maxsize"] = 10
+
+        if "proxy_headers" in kwargs and "_proxy" in kwargs:
+            proxy_headers = HTTPHeaderDict()
+
+            if not isinstance(kwargs["proxy_headers"], list):
+                kwargs["proxy_headers"] = [kwargs["proxy_headers"]]
+
+            for item in kwargs["proxy_headers"]:
+                if ":" not in item:
+                    raise ValueError("Passed header is invalid in DNS parameters")
+
+                k, v = item.split(":", 1)
+                proxy_headers.add(k, v)
+
+            kwargs["_proxy_headers"] = proxy_headers
+
+        if "headers" in kwargs:
+            headers = HTTPHeaderDict()
+
+            if not isinstance(kwargs["headers"], list):
+                kwargs["headers"] = [kwargs["headers"]]
+
+            for item in kwargs["headers"]:
+                if ":" not in item:
+                    raise ValueError("Passed header is invalid in DNS parameters")
+
+                k, v = item.split(":", 1)
+                headers.add(k, v)
+
+            kwargs["headers"] = headers
+
+        if "disabled_svn" in kwargs:
+            if not isinstance(kwargs["disabled_svn"], list):
+                kwargs["disabled_svn"] = [kwargs["disabled_svn"]]
+
+            disabled_svn = set()
+
+            for svn in kwargs["disabled_svn"]:
+                svn = svn.lower()
+
+                if svn == "h11":
+                    disabled_svn.add(HttpVersion.h11)
+                elif svn == "h2":
+                    disabled_svn.add(HttpVersion.h2)
+                elif svn == "h3":
+                    disabled_svn.add(HttpVersion.h3)
+
+            kwargs["disabled_svn"] = disabled_svn
+
+        if "on_post_connection" in kwargs and callable(kwargs["on_post_connection"]):
+            self._connection_callback: (
+                typing.Callable[[ConnectionInfo], None] | None
+            ) = kwargs["on_post_connection"]
+            kwargs.pop("on_post_connection")
+        else:
+            self._connection_callback = None
+
+        self._pool = AsyncHTTPSConnectionPool(self._server, self._port, **kwargs)
+
+    async def close(self) -> None:  # type: ignore[override]
+        await self._pool.close()
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        return self._pool.pool is not None
+
+    async def getaddrinfo(  # type: ignore[override]
+        self,
+        host: bytes | str | None,
+        port: str | int | None,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily,
+        type: socket.SocketKind,
+        proto: int = 0,
+        flags: int = 0,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[
+            socket.AddressFamily,
+            socket.SocketKind,
+            int,
+            str,
+            tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+        ]
+    ]:
+        if host is None:
+            raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                "Tried to resolve 'localhost' from a HTTPSResolver"
+            )
+
+        if port is None:
+            port = 0  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if isinstance(port, str):
+            port = int(port)  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if port < 0:
+            raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                "Servname not supported for ai_socktype"
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(host, bytes):
+            host = host.decode("ascii")  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+
+        if is_ipv4(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET6:
+                raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET,
+                    type,
+                    6,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+        elif is_ipv6(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET:
+                raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET6,
+                    type,
+                    17,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+
+        validate_length_of(host)
+
+        promises = []
+        remote_preemptive_quic_rr = False
+
+        if quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr and type == socket.SOCK_DGRAM:
+            quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr = False
+
+        if family in [socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.AF_INET]:
+            if not self._rfc8484:
+                promises.append(
+                    await self._pool.request_encode_url(
+                        "GET",
+                        self._path,
+                        {"name": host, "type": "1"},
+                        headers={"Accept": "application/dns-json"},
+                        on_post_connection=self._connection_callback,
+                        multiplexed=True,
+                    )
+                )
+            else:
+                dns_query = DomainNameServerQuery(
+                    host, SupportedQueryType.A, override_id=0
+                )
+                dns_payload = bytes(dns_query)
+                promises.append(
+                    await self._pool.request_encode_url(
+                        "GET",
+                        self._path,
+                        {
+                            "dns": b64encode(dns_payload).decode().replace("=", ""),
+                        },
+                        headers={"Accept": "application/dns-message"},
+                        on_post_connection=self._connection_callback,
+                        multiplexed=True,
+                    )
+                )
+
+        if family in [socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.AF_INET6]:
+            if not self._rfc8484:
+                promises.append(
+                    await self._pool.request_encode_url(
+                        "GET",
+                        self._path,
+                        {"name": host, "type": "28"},
+                        headers={"Accept": "application/dns-json"},
+                        on_post_connection=self._connection_callback,
+                        multiplexed=True,
+                    )
+                )
+            else:
+                dns_query = DomainNameServerQuery(
+                    host, SupportedQueryType.AAAA, override_id=0
+                )
+                dns_payload = bytes(dns_query)
+
+                promises.append(
+                    await self._pool.request_encode_url(
+                        "GET",
+                        self._path,
+                        {
+                            "dns": b64encode(dns_payload).decode().replace("=", ""),
+                        },
+                        headers={"Accept": "application/dns-message"},
+                        on_post_connection=self._connection_callback,
+                        multiplexed=True,
+                    )
+                )
+
+        if quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr:
+            if not self._rfc8484:
+                promises.append(
+                    await self._pool.request_encode_url(
+                        "GET",
+                        self._path,
+                        {"name": host, "type": "65"},
+                        headers={"Accept": "application/dns-json"},
+                        on_post_connection=self._connection_callback,
+                        multiplexed=True,
+                    )
+                )
+            else:
+                dns_query = DomainNameServerQuery(
+                    host, SupportedQueryType.HTTPS, override_id=0
+                )
+                dns_payload = bytes(dns_query)
+
+                promises.append(
+                    await self._pool.request_encode_url(
+                        "GET",
+                        self._path,
+                        {
+                            "dns": b64encode(dns_payload).decode().replace("=", ""),
+                        },
+                        headers={"Accept": "application/dns-message"},
+                        on_post_connection=self._connection_callback,
+                        multiplexed=True,
+                    )
+                )
+
+        tasks = []
+        responses = []
+
+        for promise in promises:
+            # already resolved
+            if isinstance(promise, AsyncHTTPResponse):
+                responses.append(promise)
+                continue
+            tasks.append(self._pool.get_response(promise=promise))
+
+        if tasks:
+            for waiting_promise_coro in as_completed(tasks):
+                responses.append(await waiting_promise_coro)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+        results: list[
+            tuple[
+                socket.AddressFamily,
+                socket.SocketKind,
+                int,
+                str,
+                tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+            ]
+        ] = []
+
+        for response in responses:
+            if response.status >= 300:
+                raise socket.gaierror(
+                    f"DNS over HTTPS was unsuccessful, server response status {response.status}."
+                )
+
+            if not self._rfc8484:
+                payload = await response.json()
+
+                assert "Status" in payload and isinstance(payload["Status"], int)
+
+                if payload["Status"] != 0:
+                    msg = (
+                        payload["Comment"]
+                        if "Comment" in payload
+                        else f"Remote DNS indicated that an error occurred while providing resolution. Status {payload['Status']}."
+                    )
+
+                    if isinstance(msg, list):
+                        msg = ", ".join(msg)
+
+                    raise socket.gaierror(msg)
+
+                assert "Question" in payload and isinstance(payload["Question"], list)
+
+                if "Answer" not in payload:
+                    continue
+
+                assert isinstance(payload["Answer"], list)
+
+                for answer in payload["Answer"]:
+                    if answer["type"] not in [1, 28, 65]:
+                        continue
+
+                    assert "data" in answer
+                    assert isinstance(answer["data"], str)
+
+                    # DNS RR/HTTPS
+                    if answer["type"] == 65:
+                        # "1 . alpn=h3,h2 ipv4hint=104.16.132.229,104.16.133.229 ipv6hint=2606:4700::6810:84e5,2606:4700::6810:85e5"
+                        # or..
+                        # "1 . alpn=h2,h3"
+                        rr: str = answer["data"]
+
+                        if rr.startswith("\\#"):  # it means, raw, bytes.
+                            rr = "".join(rr[2:].split(" ")[2:])
+
+                            try:
+                                raw_record = bytes.fromhex(rr)
+                            except ValueError:
+                                raw_record = b""
+
+                            if not raw_record:
+                                continue
+
+                            https_record = parse_https_rdata(raw_record)
+
+                            if "h3" not in https_record["alpn"]:
+                                continue
+
+                            remote_preemptive_quic_rr = True
+                        else:
+                            rr_decode: dict[str, str] = dict(
+                                tuple(_.lower().split("=", 1))  # type: ignore[misc]
+                                for _ in rr.split(" ")
+                                if "=" in _
+                            )
+
+                            if "alpn" not in rr_decode or "h3" not in rr_decode["alpn"]:
+                                continue
+
+                            remote_preemptive_quic_rr = True
+
+                            if "ipv4hint" in rr_decode and family in [
+                                socket.AF_UNSPEC,
+                                socket.AF_INET,
+                            ]:
+                                for ipv4 in rr_decode["ipv4hint"].split(","):
+                                    results.append(
+                                        (
+                                            socket.AF_INET,
+                                            socket.SOCK_DGRAM,
+                                            17,
+                                            "",
+                                            (
+                                                ipv4,
+                                                port,
+                                            ),
+                                        )
+                                    )
+                            if "ipv6hint" in rr_decode and family in [
+                                socket.AF_UNSPEC,
+                                socket.AF_INET6,
+                            ]:
+                                for ipv6 in rr_decode["ipv6hint"].split(","):
+                                    results.append(
+                                        (
+                                            socket.AF_INET6,
+                                            socket.SOCK_DGRAM,
+                                            17,
+                                            "",
+                                            (
+                                                ipv6,
+                                                port,
+                                                0,
+                                                0,
+                                            ),
+                                        )
+                                    )
+
+                        continue
+
+                    inet_type = (
+                        socket.AF_INET if answer["type"] == 1 else socket.AF_INET6
+                    )
+
+                    dst_addr: tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int] = (
+                        (
+                            answer["data"],
+                            port,
+                        )
+                        if inet_type == socket.AF_INET
+                        else (
+                            answer["data"],
+                            port,
+                            0,
+                            0,
+                        )
+                    )
+
+                    results.append(
+                        (
+                            inet_type,
+                            type,
+                            6 if type == socket.SOCK_STREAM else 17,
+                            "",
+                            dst_addr,
+                        )
+                    )
+            else:
+                dns_resp = DomainNameServerReturn(await response.data)
+
+                for record in dns_resp.records:
+                    if record[0] == SupportedQueryType.HTTPS:
+                        assert isinstance(record[-1], dict)
+                        if "h3" in record[-1]["alpn"]:
+                            remote_preemptive_quic_rr = True
+                        continue
+
+                    assert not isinstance(record[-1], dict)
+
+                    inet_type = (
+                        socket.AF_INET
+                        if record[0] == SupportedQueryType.A
+                        else socket.AF_INET6
+                    )
+
+                    dst_addr = (
+                        (
+                            record[-1],
+                            port,
+                        )
+                        if inet_type == socket.AF_INET
+                        else (
+                            record[-1],
+                            port,
+                            0,
+                            0,
+                        )
+                    )
+
+                    results.append(
+                        (
+                            inet_type,
+                            type,
+                            6 if type == socket.SOCK_STREAM else 17,
+                            "",
+                            dst_addr,
+                        )
+                    )
+
+        quic_results: list[
+            tuple[
+                socket.AddressFamily,
+                socket.SocketKind,
+                int,
+                str,
+                tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+            ]
+        ] = []
+
+        if remote_preemptive_quic_rr:
+            any_specified = False
+
+            for result in results:
+                if result[1] == socket.SOCK_STREAM:
+                    quic_results.append(
+                        (result[0], socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 17, "", result[4])
+                    )
+                else:
+                    any_specified = True
+                    break
+
+            if any_specified:
+                quic_results = []
+
+        return sorted(quic_results + results, key=lambda _: _[0] + _[1], reverse=True)
+
+
+class GoogleResolver(
+    HTTPSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "google"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+        if "rfc8484" in kwargs:
+            if kwargs["rfc8484"]:
+                kwargs["path"] = "/dns-query"
+        super().__init__("dns.google", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class CloudflareResolver(
+    HTTPSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "cloudflare"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        kwargs.update({"path": "/dns-query"})
+        super().__init__("cloudflare-dns.com", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class AdGuardResolver(
+    HTTPSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "adguard"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        kwargs.update({"path": "/dns-query", "rfc8484": True})
+        super().__init__("unfiltered.adguard-dns.com", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class OpenDNSResolver(
+    HTTPSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "opendns"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        kwargs.update({"path": "/dns-query", "rfc8484": True})
+        super().__init__("dns.opendns.com", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class Quad9Resolver(
+    HTTPSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "quad9"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        kwargs.update({"path": "/dns-query", "rfc8484": True})
+        super().__init__("dns11.quad9.net", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class NextDNSResolver(
+    HTTPSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "nextdns"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("dns.nextdns.io", port, *patterns, **kwargs)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/_async/doq/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+try:
+    from ._qh3 import AdGuardResolver, NextDNSResolver, QUICResolver
+except ImportError:
+    QUICResolver = None  # type: ignore
+    AdGuardResolver = None  # type: ignore
+    NextDNSResolver = None  # type: ignore
+
+
+__all__ = (
+    "QUICResolver",
+    "AdGuardResolver",
+    "NextDNSResolver",
+)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/_async/doq/_qh3.py

@@ -0,0 +1,557 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import socket
+import ssl
+import typing
+from collections import deque
+from ssl import SSLError
+from time import time as monotonic
+
+from qh3.quic.configuration import QuicConfiguration
+from qh3.quic.connection import QuicConnection
+from qh3.quic.events import (
+    ConnectionTerminated,
+    HandshakeCompleted,
+    QuicEvent,
+    StopSendingReceived,
+    StreamDataReceived,
+    StreamReset,
+)
+
+from .....util.ssl_ import IS_FIPS, resolve_cert_reqs
+from ...protocols import (
+    COMMON_RCODE_LABEL,
+    DomainNameServerQuery,
+    DomainNameServerReturn,
+    ProtocolResolver,
+    SupportedQueryType,
+)
+from ...utils import (
+    is_ipv4,
+    is_ipv6,
+    rfc1035_pack,
+    rfc1035_should_read,
+    rfc1035_unpack,
+    validate_length_of,
+)
+from ..dou import PlainResolver
+from ..system import SystemResolver
+
+if IS_FIPS:
+    raise ImportError(
+        "DNS-over-QUIC disabled when Python is built with FIPS-compliant ssl module"
+    )
+
+
+class QUICResolver(PlainResolver):
+    protocol = ProtocolResolver.DOQ
+    implementation = "qh3"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        server: str | None,
+        port: int | None = None,
+        *patterns: str,
+        **kwargs: typing.Any,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(server, port or 853, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+        # qh3 load_default_certs seems off. need to investigate.
+        if "ca_cert_data" not in kwargs and "ca_certs" not in kwargs:
+            kwargs["ca_cert_data"] = []
+
+            ctx = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT)
+
+            try:
+                ctx.load_default_certs()
+
+                for der in ctx.get_ca_certs(binary_form=True):
+                    kwargs["ca_cert_data"].append(ssl.DER_cert_to_PEM_cert(der))
+
+                if kwargs["ca_cert_data"]:
+                    kwargs["ca_cert_data"] = "".join(kwargs["ca_cert_data"])
+                else:
+                    del kwargs["ca_cert_data"]
+            except (AttributeError, ValueError, OSError):
+                del kwargs["ca_cert_data"]
+
+        if "ca_cert_data" not in kwargs and "ca_certs" not in kwargs:
+            if (
+                "cert_reqs" not in kwargs
+                or resolve_cert_reqs(kwargs["cert_reqs"]) is ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+            ):
+                raise ssl.SSLError(
+                    "DoQ requires at least one CA loaded in order to verify the remote peer certificate. "
+                    "Add ?cert_reqs=0 to disable certificate checks."
+                )
+
+        configuration = QuicConfiguration(
+            is_client=True,
+            alpn_protocols=["doq"],
+            server_name=self._server
+            if "server_hostname" not in kwargs
+            else kwargs["server_hostname"],
+            verify_mode=resolve_cert_reqs(kwargs["cert_reqs"])
+            if "cert_reqs" in kwargs
+            else ssl.CERT_REQUIRED,
+            cadata=kwargs["ca_cert_data"].encode()
+            if "ca_cert_data" in kwargs
+            else None,
+            cafile=kwargs["ca_certs"] if "ca_certs" in kwargs else None,
+            idle_timeout=300.0,
+        )
+
+        if "cert_file" in kwargs:
+            configuration.load_cert_chain(
+                kwargs["cert_file"],
+                kwargs["key_file"] if "key_file" in kwargs else None,
+                kwargs["key_password"] if "key_password" in kwargs else None,
+            )
+        elif "cert_data" in kwargs:
+            configuration.load_cert_chain(
+                kwargs["cert_data"],
+                kwargs["key_data"] if "key_data" in kwargs else None,
+                kwargs["key_password"] if "key_password" in kwargs else None,
+            )
+
+        self._quic = QuicConnection(configuration=configuration)
+
+        self._read_semaphore: asyncio.Semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore()
+        self._connect_attempt: asyncio.Event = asyncio.Event()
+        self._handshake_event: asyncio.Event = asyncio.Event()
+
+        self._terminated: bool = False
+        self._should_disconnect: bool = False
+
+        # DNS over QUIC mandate the size-prefix (unsigned int, 2b)
+        self._rfc1035_prefix_mandated = True
+
+        self._unconsumed: deque[DomainNameServerReturn] = deque()
+        self._pending: deque[DomainNameServerQuery] = deque()
+
+    async def close(self) -> None:  # type: ignore[override]
+        if (
+            not self._terminated
+            and self._socket is not None
+            and not self._socket.should_connect()
+        ):
+            self._quic.close()
+
+            while True:
+                datagrams = self._quic.datagrams_to_send(monotonic())
+
+                if not datagrams:
+                    break
+
+                for datagram in datagrams:
+                    data, addr = datagram
+                    await self._socket.sendall(data)
+
+            self._socket.close()
+            await self._socket.wait_for_close()
+            self._terminated = True
+        if self._socket is None or self._socket.should_connect():
+            self._terminated = True
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        if self._terminated:
+            return False
+        if self._socket is None or self._socket.should_connect():
+            return True
+        self._quic.handle_timer(monotonic())
+        if hasattr(self._quic, "_close_event") and self._quic._close_event is not None:
+            self._terminated = True
+        return not self._terminated
+
+    async def getaddrinfo(  # type: ignore[override]
+        self,
+        host: bytes | str | None,
+        port: str | int | None,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily,
+        type: socket.SocketKind,
+        proto: int = 0,
+        flags: int = 0,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[
+            socket.AddressFamily,
+            socket.SocketKind,
+            int,
+            str,
+            tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+        ]
+    ]:
+        if host is None:
+            raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                "Tried to resolve 'localhost' using the QUICResolver"
+            )
+        if port is None:
+            port = 0  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if isinstance(port, str):
+            port = int(port)  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if port < 0:
+            raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                "Servname not supported for ai_socktype"
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(host, bytes):
+            host = host.decode("ascii")  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+
+        if is_ipv4(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET6:
+                raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET,
+                    type,
+                    6,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+        elif is_ipv6(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET:
+                raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET6,
+                    type,
+                    17,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+
+        validate_length_of(host)
+
+        if self._socket is None and self._connect_attempt.is_set() is False:
+            self._connect_attempt.set()
+            assert self.server is not None
+            self._quic.connect((self._server, self._port), monotonic())
+            self._socket = await SystemResolver().create_connection(
+                (self.server, self.port or 853),
+                timeout=self._timeout,
+                source_address=self._source_address,
+                socket_options=None,
+                socket_kind=self._socket_type,
+            )
+            await self.__exchange_until(HandshakeCompleted, receive_first=False)
+            self._handshake_event.set()
+        else:
+            await self._handshake_event.wait()
+
+        assert self._socket is not None
+
+        remote_preemptive_quic_rr = False
+
+        if quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr and type == socket.SOCK_DGRAM:
+            quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr = False
+
+        tbq = []
+
+        if family in [socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.AF_INET]:
+            tbq.append(SupportedQueryType.A)
+
+        if family in [socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.AF_INET6]:
+            tbq.append(SupportedQueryType.AAAA)
+
+        if quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr:
+            tbq.append(SupportedQueryType.HTTPS)
+
+        queries = DomainNameServerQuery.bulk(host, *tbq)
+        open_streams = []
+
+        for q in queries:
+            payload = bytes(q)
+
+            self._pending.append(q)
+
+            if self._rfc1035_prefix_mandated is True:
+                payload = rfc1035_pack(payload)
+
+            stream_id = self._quic.get_next_available_stream_id()
+            self._quic.send_stream_data(stream_id, payload, True)
+
+            open_streams.append(stream_id)
+
+            for dg in self._quic.datagrams_to_send(monotonic()):
+                await self._socket.sendall(dg[0])
+
+        responses: list[DomainNameServerReturn] = []
+
+        while len(responses) < len(tbq):
+            await self._read_semaphore.acquire()
+            if self._unconsumed:
+                dns_resp = None
+                for query in queries:
+                    for unconsumed in self._unconsumed:
+                        if unconsumed.id == query.id:
+                            dns_resp = unconsumed
+                            responses.append(dns_resp)
+                            break
+                    if dns_resp:
+                        break
+                if dns_resp:
+                    self._unconsumed.remove(dns_resp)
+                    self._pending.remove(query)
+                    self._read_semaphore.release()
+                    continue
+
+            try:
+                events: list[StreamDataReceived] = await self.__exchange_until(  # type: ignore[assignment]
+                    StreamDataReceived,
+                    receive_first=True,
+                    event_type_collectable=(StreamDataReceived,),
+                    respect_end_stream_signal=False,
+                )
+
+                payload = b"".join([e.data for e in events])
+
+                while rfc1035_should_read(payload):
+                    events.extend(
+                        await self.__exchange_until(  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                            StreamDataReceived,
+                            receive_first=True,
+                            event_type_collectable=(StreamDataReceived,),
+                            respect_end_stream_signal=False,
+                        )
+                    )
+                    payload = b"".join([e.data for e in events])
+            except (TimeoutError, OSError, socket.timeout, ConnectionError) as e:
+                raise socket.gaierror(
+                    "Got unexpectedly disconnected while waiting for name resolution"
+                ) from e
+
+            self._read_semaphore.release()
+
+            if not payload:
+                continue
+
+            #: We can receive two responses at once (or more, concatenated). Let's unwrap them.
+            fragments = rfc1035_unpack(payload)
+
+            for fragment in fragments:
+                dns_resp = DomainNameServerReturn(fragment)
+
+                if any(dns_resp.id == _.id for _ in queries):
+                    responses.append(dns_resp)
+
+                    query_tbr: DomainNameServerQuery | None = None
+
+                    for query_tbr in self._pending:
+                        if query_tbr.id == dns_resp.id:
+                            break
+                    if query_tbr:
+                        self._pending.remove(query_tbr)
+                else:
+                    self._unconsumed.append(dns_resp)
+
+        if self._should_disconnect:
+            await self.close()
+            self._should_disconnect = False
+            self._terminated = True
+
+        results = []
+
+        for response in responses:
+            if not response.is_ok:
+                if response.rcode == 2:
+                    raise socket.gaierror(
+                        f"DNSSEC validation failure. Check http://dnsviz.net/d/{host}/dnssec/ and http://dnssec-debugger.verisignlabs.com/{host} for errors"
+                    )
+                raise socket.gaierror(
+                    f"DNS returned an error: {COMMON_RCODE_LABEL[response.rcode] if response.rcode in COMMON_RCODE_LABEL else f'code {response.rcode}'}"
+                )
+
+            for record in response.records:
+                if record[0] == SupportedQueryType.HTTPS:
+                    assert isinstance(record[-1], dict)
+                    if "h3" in record[-1]["alpn"]:
+                        remote_preemptive_quic_rr = True
+                    continue
+
+                assert not isinstance(record[-1], dict)
+
+                inet_type = (
+                    socket.AF_INET
+                    if record[0] == SupportedQueryType.A
+                    else socket.AF_INET6
+                )
+                dst_addr: tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int] = (
+                    (
+                        record[-1],
+                        port,
+                    )
+                    if inet_type == socket.AF_INET
+                    else (
+                        record[-1],
+                        port,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                    )
+                )
+
+                results.append(
+                    (
+                        inet_type,
+                        type,
+                        6 if type == socket.SOCK_STREAM else 17,
+                        "",
+                        dst_addr,
+                    )
+                )
+
+        quic_results = []
+
+        if remote_preemptive_quic_rr:
+            any_specified = False
+
+            for result in results:
+                if result[1] == socket.SOCK_STREAM:
+                    quic_results.append(
+                        (result[0], socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 17, "", result[4])
+                    )
+                else:
+                    any_specified = True
+                    break
+
+            if any_specified:
+                quic_results = []
+
+        return sorted(quic_results + results, key=lambda _: _[0] + _[1], reverse=True)
+
+    async def __exchange_until(
+        self,
+        event_type: type[QuicEvent] | tuple[type[QuicEvent], ...],
+        *,
+        receive_first: bool = False,
+        event_type_collectable: type[QuicEvent]
+        | tuple[type[QuicEvent], ...]
+        | None = None,
+        respect_end_stream_signal: bool = True,
+    ) -> list[QuicEvent]:
+        assert self._socket is not None
+
+        while True:
+            if receive_first is False:
+                now = monotonic()
+                while True:
+                    datagrams = self._quic.datagrams_to_send(now)
+
+                    if not datagrams:
+                        break
+
+                    for datagram in datagrams:
+                        data, addr = datagram
+                        await self._socket.sendall(data)
+
+            events = []
+
+            while True:
+                if not self._quic._events:
+                    data_in = await self._socket.recv(1500)
+
+                    if not data_in:
+                        break
+
+                    now = monotonic()
+
+                    if not isinstance(data_in, list):
+                        self._quic.receive_datagram(
+                            data_in, (self._server, self._port), now
+                        )
+                    else:
+                        for gro_segment in data_in:
+                            self._quic.receive_datagram(
+                                gro_segment, (self._server, self._port), now
+                            )
+
+                    while True:
+                        datagrams = self._quic.datagrams_to_send(now)
+
+                        if not datagrams:
+                            break
+
+                        for datagram in datagrams:
+                            data, addr = datagram
+                            await self._socket.sendall(data)
+
+                for ev in iter(self._quic.next_event, None):
+                    if isinstance(ev, ConnectionTerminated):
+                        if ev.error_code == 298:
+                            raise SSLError(
+                                "DNS over QUIC did not succeed (Error 298). Chain certificate verification failed."
+                            )
+                        raise socket.gaierror(
+                            f"DNS over QUIC encountered a unrecoverable failure (error {ev.error_code} {ev.reason_phrase})"
+                        )
+                    elif isinstance(ev, StreamReset):
+                        self._terminated = True
+                        raise socket.gaierror(
+                            "DNS over QUIC server submitted a StreamReset. A request was rejected."
+                        )
+                    elif isinstance(ev, StopSendingReceived):
+                        self._should_disconnect = True
+                        continue
+
+                    if event_type_collectable:
+                        if isinstance(ev, event_type_collectable):
+                            events.append(ev)
+                    else:
+                        events.append(ev)
+
+                    if isinstance(ev, event_type):
+                        if not respect_end_stream_signal:
+                            return events
+                        if hasattr(ev, "stream_ended") and ev.stream_ended:
+                            return events
+                        elif hasattr(ev, "stream_ended") is False:
+                            return events
+
+            return events
+
+
+class AdGuardResolver(
+    QUICResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "adguard"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any):
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+        super().__init__("unfiltered.adguard-dns.com", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class NextDNSResolver(
+    QUICResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "nextdns"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any):
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+        super().__init__("dns.nextdns.io", port, *patterns, **kwargs)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/_async/dot/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ._ssl import (
+    AdGuardResolver,
+    CloudflareResolver,
+    GoogleResolver,
+    OpenDNSResolver,
+    Quad9Resolver,
+    TLSResolver,
+)
+
+__all__ = (
+    "TLSResolver",
+    "GoogleResolver",
+    "CloudflareResolver",
+    "AdGuardResolver",
+    "Quad9Resolver",
+    "OpenDNSResolver",
+)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/_async/dot/_ssl.py

@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import socket
+import typing
+
+from .....util._async.ssl_ import ssl_wrap_socket
+from .....util.ssl_ import resolve_cert_reqs
+from ...protocols import ProtocolResolver
+from ..dou import PlainResolver
+from ..system import SystemResolver
+
+
+class TLSResolver(PlainResolver):
+    """
+    Basic DNS resolver over TLS.
+    Comply with RFC 7858: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7858
+    """
+
+    protocol = ProtocolResolver.DOT
+    implementation = "ssl"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        server: str | None,
+        port: int | None = None,
+        *patterns: str,
+        **kwargs: typing.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._socket_type = socket.SOCK_STREAM
+
+        super().__init__(server, port or 853, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+        # DNS over TLS mandate the size-prefix (unsigned int, 2 bytes)
+        self._rfc1035_prefix_mandated = True
+
+    async def getaddrinfo(  # type: ignore[override]
+        self,
+        host: bytes | str | None,
+        port: str | int | None,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily,
+        type: socket.SocketKind,
+        proto: int = 0,
+        flags: int = 0,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[
+            socket.AddressFamily,
+            socket.SocketKind,
+            int,
+            str,
+            tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+        ]
+    ]:
+        if self._socket is None and self._connect_attempt.is_set() is False:
+            assert self.server is not None
+            self._connect_attempt.set()
+            self._socket = await SystemResolver().create_connection(
+                (self.server, self.port or 853),
+                timeout=self._timeout,
+                source_address=self._source_address,
+                socket_options=((socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1, "tcp"),),
+                socket_kind=self._socket_type,
+            )
+            self._socket = await ssl_wrap_socket(
+                self._socket,
+                server_hostname=self.server
+                if "server_hostname" not in self._kwargs
+                else self._kwargs["server_hostname"],
+                keyfile=self._kwargs["key_file"]
+                if "key_file" in self._kwargs
+                else None,
+                certfile=self._kwargs["cert_file"]
+                if "cert_file" in self._kwargs
+                else None,
+                cert_reqs=resolve_cert_reqs(self._kwargs["cert_reqs"])
+                if "cert_reqs" in self._kwargs
+                else None,
+                ca_certs=self._kwargs["ca_certs"]
+                if "ca_certs" in self._kwargs
+                else None,
+                ssl_version=self._kwargs["ssl_version"]
+                if "ssl_version" in self._kwargs
+                else None,
+                ciphers=self._kwargs["ciphers"] if "ciphers" in self._kwargs else None,
+                ca_cert_dir=self._kwargs["ca_cert_dir"]
+                if "ca_cert_dir" in self._kwargs
+                else None,
+                key_password=self._kwargs["key_password"]
+                if "key_password" in self._kwargs
+                else None,
+                ca_cert_data=self._kwargs["ca_cert_data"]
+                if "ca_cert_data" in self._kwargs
+                else None,
+                certdata=self._kwargs["cert_data"]
+                if "cert_data" in self._kwargs
+                else None,
+                keydata=self._kwargs["key_data"]
+                if "key_data" in self._kwargs
+                else None,
+            )
+            self._connect_finalized.set()
+
+        return await super().getaddrinfo(
+            host,
+            port,
+            family=family,
+            type=type,
+            proto=proto,
+            flags=flags,
+            quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr=quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr,
+        )
+
+
+class GoogleResolver(
+    TLSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "google"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("dns.google", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class CloudflareResolver(
+    TLSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "cloudflare"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("1.1.1.1", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class AdGuardResolver(
+    TLSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "adguard"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("unfiltered.adguard-dns.com", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class OpenDNSResolver(
+    TLSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "opendns"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("dns.opendns.com", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class Quad9Resolver(
+    TLSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "quad9"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("dns11.quad9.net", port, *patterns, **kwargs)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/_async/dou/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ._socket import (
+    AdGuardResolver,
+    CloudflareResolver,
+    GoogleResolver,
+    PlainResolver,
+    Quad9Resolver,
+)
+
+__all__ = (
+    "PlainResolver",
+    "CloudflareResolver",
+    "GoogleResolver",
+    "Quad9Resolver",
+    "AdGuardResolver",
+)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/_async/dou/_socket.py

@@ -0,0 +1,431 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import socket
+import typing
+from collections import deque
+
+from ....ssa import AsyncSocket
+from ...protocols import (
+    COMMON_RCODE_LABEL,
+    DomainNameServerQuery,
+    DomainNameServerReturn,
+    ProtocolResolver,
+    SupportedQueryType,
+)
+from ...utils import (
+    is_ipv4,
+    is_ipv6,
+    packet_fragment,
+    rfc1035_pack,
+    rfc1035_should_read,
+    rfc1035_unpack,
+    validate_length_of,
+)
+from ..protocols import AsyncBaseResolver
+from ..system import SystemResolver
+
+
+class PlainResolver(AsyncBaseResolver):
+    """
+    Minimalist DNS resolver over UDP
+    Comply with RFC 1035: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1035
+
+    EDNS is not supported, yet. But we plan to. Willing to contribute?
+    """
+
+    protocol = ProtocolResolver.DOU
+    implementation = "socket"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        server: str | None,
+        port: int | None = None,
+        *patterns: str,
+        **kwargs: typing.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(server, port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+        self._socket: AsyncSocket | None = None
+
+        if not hasattr(self, "_socket_type"):
+            self._socket_type = socket.SOCK_DGRAM
+
+        if "source_address" in kwargs and isinstance(kwargs["source_address"], str):
+            if ":" in kwargs["source_address"]:
+                bind_ip, bind_port = kwargs["source_address"].split(":", 1)
+                self._source_address: tuple[str, int] | None = (bind_ip, int(bind_port))
+            else:
+                self._source_address = (kwargs["source_address"], 0)
+        else:
+            self._source_address = None
+
+        if "timeout" in kwargs and isinstance(
+            kwargs["timeout"],
+            (
+                float,
+                int,
+            ),
+        ):
+            self._timeout: float | int | None = kwargs["timeout"]
+        else:
+            self._timeout = None
+
+        #: Only useful for inheritance, e.g. DNS over TLS support dns-message but require a prefix.
+        self._rfc1035_prefix_mandated: bool = False
+
+        self._unconsumed: deque[DomainNameServerReturn] = deque()
+        self._pending: deque[DomainNameServerQuery] = deque()
+
+        self._read_semaphore: asyncio.Semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore()
+        self._connect_attempt: asyncio.Event = asyncio.Event()
+        self._connect_finalized: asyncio.Event = asyncio.Event()
+
+        self._terminated: bool = False
+
+    async def close(self) -> None:  # type: ignore[override]
+        if not self._terminated:
+            with self._lock:
+                if self._socket is not None:
+                    self._socket.close()
+                    await self._socket.wait_for_close()
+                self._terminated = True
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        return not self._terminated
+
+    async def getaddrinfo(  # type: ignore[override]
+        self,
+        host: bytes | str | None,
+        port: str | int | None,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily,
+        type: socket.SocketKind,
+        proto: int = 0,
+        flags: int = 0,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[
+            socket.AddressFamily,
+            socket.SocketKind,
+            int,
+            str,
+            tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+        ]
+    ]:
+        if host is None:
+            raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                "Tried to resolve 'localhost' from a PlainResolver"
+            )
+
+        if port is None:
+            port = 0  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if isinstance(port, str):
+            port = int(port)  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if port < 0:
+            raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                "Servname not supported for ai_socktype"
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(host, bytes):
+            host = host.decode("ascii")  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+
+        if is_ipv4(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET6:
+                raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET,
+                    type,
+                    6,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+        elif is_ipv6(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET:
+                raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET6,
+                    type,
+                    17,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+
+        validate_length_of(host)
+
+        if self._socket is None and self._connect_attempt.is_set() is False:
+            self._connect_attempt.set()
+            assert self.server is not None
+            self._socket = await SystemResolver().create_connection(
+                (self.server, self.port or 53),
+                timeout=self._timeout,
+                source_address=self._source_address,
+                socket_options=((socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1, "tcp"),),
+                socket_kind=self._socket_type,
+            )
+            self._connect_finalized.set()
+        else:
+            await self._connect_finalized.wait()
+            assert self._socket is not None
+            await self._socket.wait_for_readiness()
+
+        remote_preemptive_quic_rr = False
+
+        if quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr and type == socket.SOCK_DGRAM:
+            quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr = False
+
+        tbq = []
+
+        if family in [socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.AF_INET]:
+            tbq.append(SupportedQueryType.A)
+
+        if family in [socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.AF_INET6]:
+            tbq.append(SupportedQueryType.AAAA)
+
+        if quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr:
+            tbq.append(SupportedQueryType.HTTPS)
+
+        queries = DomainNameServerQuery.bulk(host, *tbq)
+
+        for q in queries:
+            payload = bytes(q)
+            self._pending.append(q)
+
+            if self._rfc1035_prefix_mandated is True:
+                payload = rfc1035_pack(payload)
+
+            await self._socket.sendall(payload)
+
+        responses: list[DomainNameServerReturn] = []
+
+        while len(responses) < len(tbq):
+            await self._read_semaphore.acquire()
+            #: There we want to verify if another thread got a response that belong to this thread.
+            if self._unconsumed:
+                dns_resp = None
+
+                for query in queries:
+                    for unconsumed in self._unconsumed:
+                        if unconsumed.id == query.id:
+                            dns_resp = unconsumed
+                            responses.append(dns_resp)
+                            break
+                    if dns_resp:
+                        break
+
+                if dns_resp:
+                    self._pending.remove(query)
+                    self._unconsumed.remove(dns_resp)
+                    self._read_semaphore.release()
+                    continue
+
+            try:
+                data_in_or_segments = await self._socket.recv(1500)
+
+                if isinstance(data_in_or_segments, list):
+                    payloads = data_in_or_segments
+                elif data_in_or_segments:
+                    payloads = [data_in_or_segments]
+                else:
+                    payloads = []
+
+                if self._rfc1035_prefix_mandated is True and payloads:
+                    payload = b"".join(payloads)
+                    while rfc1035_should_read(payload):
+                        extra = await self._socket.recv(1500)
+                        if isinstance(extra, list):
+                            payload += b"".join(extra)
+                        else:
+                            payload += extra
+                    payloads = [payload]
+            except (TimeoutError, OSError, socket.timeout, ConnectionError) as e:
+                raise socket.gaierror(
+                    "Got unexpectedly disconnected while waiting for name resolution"
+                ) from e
+
+            self._read_semaphore.release()
+
+            if not payloads:
+                self._terminated = True
+                raise socket.gaierror(
+                    "Got unexpectedly disconnected while waiting for name resolution"
+                )
+
+            pending_raw_identifiers = [_.raw_id for _ in self._pending]
+
+            for payload in payloads:
+                #: We can receive two responses at once (or more, concatenated). Let's unwrap them.
+                if self._rfc1035_prefix_mandated is True:
+                    fragments = rfc1035_unpack(payload)
+                else:
+                    fragments = packet_fragment(payload, *pending_raw_identifiers)
+
+                for fragment in fragments:
+                    dns_resp = DomainNameServerReturn(fragment)
+
+                    if any(dns_resp.id == _.id for _ in queries):
+                        responses.append(dns_resp)
+
+                        query_tbr: DomainNameServerQuery | None = None
+
+                        for query_tbr in self._pending:
+                            if query_tbr.id == dns_resp.id:
+                                break
+
+                        if query_tbr:
+                            self._pending.remove(query_tbr)
+                    else:
+                        self._unconsumed.append(dns_resp)
+
+        results = []
+
+        for response in responses:
+            if not response.is_ok:
+                if response.rcode == 2:
+                    raise socket.gaierror(
+                        f"DNSSEC validation failure. Check http://dnsviz.net/d/{host}/dnssec/ and http://dnssec-debugger.verisignlabs.com/{host} for errors"
+                    )
+                raise socket.gaierror(
+                    f"DNS returned an error: {COMMON_RCODE_LABEL[response.rcode] if response.rcode in COMMON_RCODE_LABEL else f'code {response.rcode}'}"
+                )
+
+            for record in response.records:
+                if record[0] == SupportedQueryType.HTTPS:
+                    assert isinstance(record[-1], dict)
+                    if "h3" in record[-1]["alpn"]:
+                        remote_preemptive_quic_rr = True
+                    continue
+
+                assert not isinstance(record[-1], dict)
+
+                inet_type = (
+                    socket.AF_INET
+                    if record[0] == SupportedQueryType.A
+                    else socket.AF_INET6
+                )
+                dst_addr: tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int] = (
+                    (
+                        record[-1],
+                        port,
+                    )
+                    if inet_type == socket.AF_INET
+                    else (
+                        record[-1],
+                        port,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                    )
+                )
+
+                results.append(
+                    (
+                        inet_type,
+                        type,
+                        6 if type == socket.SOCK_STREAM else 17,
+                        "",
+                        dst_addr,
+                    )
+                )
+
+        quic_results = []
+
+        if remote_preemptive_quic_rr:
+            any_specified = False
+
+            for result in results:
+                if result[1] == socket.SOCK_STREAM:
+                    quic_results.append(
+                        (result[0], socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 17, "", result[4])
+                    )
+                else:
+                    any_specified = True
+                    break
+
+            if any_specified:
+                quic_results = []
+
+        return sorted(quic_results + results, key=lambda _: _[0] + _[1], reverse=True)
+
+
+class CloudflareResolver(
+    PlainResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "cloudflare"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("1.1.1.1", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class GoogleResolver(
+    PlainResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "google"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("8.8.8.8", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class Quad9Resolver(
+    PlainResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "quad9"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("9.9.9.9", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class AdGuardResolver(
+    PlainResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "adguard"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("94.140.14.140", port, *patterns, **kwargs)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/_async/factories.py

@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import importlib
+import inspect
+import typing
+from abc import ABCMeta
+from base64 import b64encode
+from typing import Any
+from urllib.parse import parse_qs
+
+from ....util import parse_url
+from ..factories import ResolverDescription
+from ..protocols import ProtocolResolver
+from .protocols import AsyncBaseResolver
+
+
+class AsyncResolverFactory(metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    @staticmethod
+    def has(
+        protocol: ProtocolResolver,
+        specifier: str | None = None,
+        implementation: str | None = None,
+    ) -> bool:
+        package_name: str = __name__.split(".")[0]
+        module_expr = f".{protocol.value.replace('-', '_')}"
+
+        if implementation:
+            module_expr += f"._{implementation.replace('-', '_').lower()}"
+
+        try:
+            resolver_module = importlib.import_module(
+                module_expr, f"{package_name}.contrib.resolver._async"
+            )
+        except ImportError:
+            return False
+
+        implementations: list[tuple[str, type[AsyncBaseResolver]]] = inspect.getmembers(
+            resolver_module,
+            lambda e: isinstance(e, type)
+            and issubclass(e, AsyncBaseResolver)
+            and (
+                (specifier is None and e.specifier is None) or specifier == e.specifier
+            ),
+        )
+
+        if not implementations:
+            return False
+
+        return True
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def new(
+        protocol: ProtocolResolver,
+        specifier: str | None = None,
+        implementation: str | None = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> AsyncBaseResolver:
+        package_name: str = __name__.split(".")[0]
+
+        module_expr = f".{protocol.value.replace('-', '_')}"
+
+        if implementation:
+            module_expr += f"._{implementation.replace('-', '_').lower()}"
+
+        spe_msg = " " if specifier is None else f' (w/ specifier "{specifier}") '
+
+        try:
+            resolver_module = importlib.import_module(
+                module_expr, f"{package_name}.contrib.resolver._async"
+            )
+        except ImportError as e:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                f"{protocol}{spe_msg}cannot be loaded. Tried to import '{module_expr}'. Did you specify a non-existent implementation?"
+            ) from e
+
+        implementations: list[tuple[str, type[AsyncBaseResolver]]] = inspect.getmembers(
+            resolver_module,
+            lambda e: isinstance(e, type)
+            and issubclass(e, AsyncBaseResolver)
+            and (
+                (specifier is None and e.specifier is None) or specifier == e.specifier
+            )
+            and hasattr(e, "protocol")
+            and e.protocol == protocol,
+        )
+
+        if not implementations:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                f"{protocol}{spe_msg}cannot be loaded. "
+                "No compatible implementation available. "
+                "Make sure your implementation inherit from BaseResolver."
+            )
+
+        implementation_target: type[AsyncBaseResolver] = implementations.pop()[1]
+
+        return implementation_target(**kwargs)
+
+
+class AsyncResolverDescription(ResolverDescription):
+    """Describe how a BaseResolver must be instantiated."""
+
+    def new(self) -> AsyncBaseResolver:
+        kwargs = {**self.kwargs}
+
+        if self.server:
+            kwargs["server"] = self.server
+        if self.port:
+            kwargs["port"] = self.port
+        if self.host_patterns:
+            kwargs["patterns"] = self.host_patterns
+
+        return AsyncResolverFactory.new(
+            self.protocol,
+            self.specifier,
+            self.implementation,
+            **kwargs,
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_url(url: str) -> AsyncResolverDescription:
+        parsed_url = parse_url(url)
+
+        schema = parsed_url.scheme
+
+        if schema is None:
+            raise ValueError("Given DNS url is missing a protocol")
+
+        specifier = None
+        implementation = None
+
+        if "+" in schema:
+            schema, specifier = tuple(schema.lower().split("+", 1))
+
+        protocol = ProtocolResolver(schema)
+        kwargs: dict[str, typing.Any] = {}
+
+        if parsed_url.path:
+            kwargs["path"] = parsed_url.path
+
+        if parsed_url.auth:
+            kwargs["headers"] = dict()
+            if ":" in parsed_url.auth:
+                username, password = parsed_url.auth.split(":")
+
+                username = username.strip("'\"")
+                password = password.strip("'\"")
+
+                kwargs["headers"]["Authorization"] = (
+                    f"Basic {b64encode(f'{username}:{password}'.encode()).decode()}"
+                )
+            else:
+                kwargs["headers"]["Authorization"] = f"Bearer {parsed_url.auth}"
+
+        if parsed_url.query:
+            parameters = parse_qs(parsed_url.query)
+
+            for parameter in parameters:
+                if not parameters[parameter]:
+                    continue
+
+                parameter_insensible = parameter.lower()
+
+                if (
+                    isinstance(parameters[parameter], list)
+                    and len(parameters[parameter]) > 1
+                ):
+                    if parameter == "implementation":
+                        raise ValueError("Only one implementation can be passed to URL")
+
+                    values = []
+
+                    for e in parameters[parameter]:
+                        if "," in e:
+                            values.extend(e.split(","))
+                        else:
+                            values.append(e)
+
+                    if parameter_insensible in kwargs:
+                        if isinstance(kwargs[parameter_insensible], list):
+                            kwargs[parameter_insensible].extend(values)
+                        else:
+                            values.append(kwargs[parameter_insensible])
+                            kwargs[parameter_insensible] = values
+                        continue
+
+                    kwargs[parameter_insensible] = values
+                    continue
+
+                value: str = parameters[parameter][0].lower().strip(" ")
+
+                if parameter == "implementation":
+                    implementation = value
+                    continue
+
+                if "," in value:
+                    list_of_values = value.split(",")
+
+                    if parameter_insensible in kwargs:
+                        if isinstance(kwargs[parameter_insensible], list):
+                            kwargs[parameter_insensible].extend(list_of_values)
+                        else:
+                            list_of_values.append(kwargs[parameter_insensible])
+                        continue
+
+                    kwargs[parameter_insensible] = list_of_values
+                    continue
+
+                value_converted: bool | int | float | None = None
+
+                if value in ["false", "true"]:
+                    value_converted = True if value == "true" else False
+                elif value.isdigit():
+                    value_converted = int(value)
+                elif (
+                    value.count(".") == 1
+                    and value.index(".") > 0
+                    and value.replace(".", "").isdigit()
+                ):
+                    value_converted = float(value)
+
+                kwargs[parameter_insensible] = (
+                    value if value_converted is None else value_converted
+                )
+
+        host_patterns: list[str] = []
+
+        if "hosts" in kwargs:
+            host_patterns = (
+                kwargs["hosts"].split(",")
+                if isinstance(kwargs["hosts"], str)
+                else kwargs["hosts"]
+            )
+            del kwargs["hosts"]
+
+        return AsyncResolverDescription(
+            protocol,
+            specifier,
+            implementation,
+            parsed_url.host,
+            parsed_url.port,
+            *host_patterns,
+            **kwargs,
+        )

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/_async/in_memory/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ._dict import InMemoryResolver
+
+__all__ = ("InMemoryResolver",)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/_async/in_memory/_dict.py

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import socket
+import typing
+
+from .....util.url import _IPV6_ADDRZ_RE
+from ...protocols import ProtocolResolver
+from ...utils import is_ipv4, is_ipv6
+from ..protocols import AsyncBaseResolver
+
+
+class InMemoryResolver(AsyncBaseResolver):
+    protocol = ProtocolResolver.MANUAL
+    implementation = "dict"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any):
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        super().__init__(None, None, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+        self._maxsize = 65535 if "maxsize" not in kwargs else int(kwargs["maxsize"])
+        self._hosts: dict[str, list[tuple[socket.AddressFamily, str]]] = {}
+
+        if self._host_patterns:
+            for record in self._host_patterns:
+                if ":" not in record:
+                    continue
+                hostname, addr = record.split(":", 1)
+                self.register(hostname, addr)
+            self._host_patterns = tuple([])
+
+    def recycle(self) -> AsyncBaseResolver:
+        return self
+
+    async def close(self) -> None:  # type: ignore[override]
+        pass  # no-op
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def have_constraints(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def support(self, hostname: str | bytes | None) -> bool | None:
+        if hostname is None:
+            hostname = "localhost"
+        if isinstance(hostname, bytes):
+            hostname = hostname.decode("ascii")
+        return hostname in self._hosts
+
+    def register(self, hostname: str, ipaddr: str) -> None:
+        if hostname not in self._hosts:
+            self._hosts[hostname] = []
+        else:
+            for e in self._hosts[hostname]:
+                t, addr = e
+                if addr in ipaddr:
+                    return
+
+        if _IPV6_ADDRZ_RE.match(ipaddr):
+            self._hosts[hostname].append((socket.AF_INET6, ipaddr[1:-1]))
+        elif is_ipv6(ipaddr):
+            self._hosts[hostname].append((socket.AF_INET6, ipaddr))
+        else:
+            self._hosts[hostname].append((socket.AF_INET, ipaddr))
+
+        if len(self._hosts) > self._maxsize:
+            k = None
+            for k in self._hosts.keys():
+                break
+            if k:
+                self._hosts.pop(k)
+
+    def clear(self, hostname: str) -> None:
+        if hostname in self._hosts:
+            del self._hosts[hostname]
+
+    async def getaddrinfo(  # type: ignore[override]
+        self,
+        host: bytes | str | None,
+        port: str | int | None,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily,
+        type: socket.SocketKind,
+        proto: int = 0,
+        flags: int = 0,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[
+            socket.AddressFamily,
+            socket.SocketKind,
+            int,
+            str,
+            tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+        ]
+    ]:
+        if host is None:
+            host = "localhost"  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+
+        if port is None:
+            port = 0  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if isinstance(port, str):
+            port = int(port)  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if port < 0:
+            raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                "Servname not supported for ai_socktype"
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(host, bytes):
+            host = host.decode("ascii")  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+
+        if is_ipv4(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET6:
+                raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET,
+                    type,
+                    6,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+        elif is_ipv6(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET:
+                raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET6,
+                    type,
+                    17,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+
+        results: list[
+            tuple[
+                socket.AddressFamily,
+                socket.SocketKind,
+                int,
+                str,
+                tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+            ]
+        ] = []
+
+        if host not in self._hosts:
+            raise socket.gaierror(f"no records found for hostname {host} in-memory")
+
+        for entry in self._hosts[host]:
+            addr_type, addr_target = entry
+
+            if family != socket.AF_UNSPEC:
+                if family != addr_type:
+                    continue
+
+            results.append(
+                (
+                    addr_type,
+                    type,
+                    6 if type == socket.SOCK_STREAM else 17,
+                    "",
+                    (addr_target, port)
+                    if addr_type == socket.AF_INET
+                    else (addr_target, port, 0, 0),
+                )
+            )
+
+        if not results:
+            raise socket.gaierror(f"no records found for hostname {host} in-memory")
+
+        return results

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/_async/null/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import socket
+import typing
+
+from ...protocols import ProtocolResolver
+from ...utils import is_ipv4, is_ipv6
+from ..protocols import AsyncBaseResolver
+
+
+class NullResolver(AsyncBaseResolver):
+    protocol = ProtocolResolver.NULL
+    implementation = "dummy"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any):
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        super().__init__(None, None, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+    def recycle(self) -> AsyncBaseResolver:
+        return self
+
+    async def close(self) -> None:  # type: ignore[override]
+        pass  # no-op
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    async def getaddrinfo(  # type: ignore[override]
+        self,
+        host: bytes | str | None,
+        port: str | int | None,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily,
+        type: socket.SocketKind,
+        proto: int = 0,
+        flags: int = 0,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[
+            socket.AddressFamily,
+            socket.SocketKind,
+            int,
+            str,
+            tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+        ]
+    ]:
+        if host is None:
+            host = "localhost"  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+
+        if port is None:
+            port = 0  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if isinstance(port, str):
+            port = int(port)  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if port < 0:
+            raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                "Servname not supported for ai_socktype"
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(host, bytes):
+            host = host.decode("ascii")  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+
+        if is_ipv4(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET6:
+                raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET,
+                    type,
+                    6,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+        elif is_ipv6(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET:
+                raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET6,
+                    type,
+                    17,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+
+        raise socket.gaierror(f"Tried to resolve '{host}' using the NullResolver")
+
+
+__all__ = ("NullResolver",)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/_async/protocols.py

@@ -0,0 +1,375 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import ipaddress
+import socket
+import struct
+import sys
+import typing
+from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+
+from ...._constant import UDP_LINUX_GRO
+from ...._typing import _TYPE_SOCKET_OPTIONS, _TYPE_TIMEOUT_INTERNAL
+from ....exceptions import LocationParseError
+from ....util.connection import _set_socket_options, allowed_gai_family
+from ....util.timeout import _DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
+from ...ssa import AsyncSocket
+from ...ssa._timeout import timeout as timeout_
+from ..protocols import BaseResolver
+
+
+class AsyncBaseResolver(BaseResolver, metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    def recycle(self) -> AsyncBaseResolver:
+        return super().recycle()  # type: ignore[return-value]
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def close(self) -> None:  # type: ignore[override]
+        """Terminate the given resolver instance. This should render it unusable. Further inquiries should raise an exception."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def getaddrinfo(  # type: ignore[override]
+        self,
+        host: bytes | str | None,
+        port: str | int | None,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily,
+        type: socket.SocketKind,
+        proto: int = 0,
+        flags: int = 0,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[
+            socket.AddressFamily,
+            socket.SocketKind,
+            int,
+            str,
+            tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+        ]
+    ]:
+        """This method align itself on the standard library socket.getaddrinfo(). It must be implemented as-is on your Resolver."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    # This function is copied from socket.py in the Python 2.7 standard
+    # library test suite. Added to its signature is only `socket_options`.
+    # One additional modification is that we avoid binding to IPv6 servers
+    # discovered in DNS if the system doesn't have IPv6 functionality.
+    async def create_connection(  # type: ignore[override]
+        self,
+        address: tuple[str, int],
+        timeout: _TYPE_TIMEOUT_INTERNAL = _DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+        source_address: tuple[str, int] | None = None,
+        socket_options: _TYPE_SOCKET_OPTIONS | None = None,
+        socket_kind: socket.SocketKind = socket.SOCK_STREAM,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+        timing_hook: typing.Callable[[tuple[timedelta, timedelta, datetime]], None]
+        | None = None,
+        default_socket_family: socket.AddressFamily = socket.AF_UNSPEC,
+    ) -> AsyncSocket:
+        """Connect to *address* and return the socket object.
+
+        Convenience function.  Connect to *address* (a 2-tuple ``(host,
+        port)``) and return the socket object.  Passing the optional
+        *timeout* parameter will set the timeout on the socket instance
+        before attempting to connect.  If no *timeout* is supplied, the
+        global default timeout setting returned by :func:`socket.getdefaulttimeout`
+        is used.  If *source_address* is set it must be a tuple of (host, port)
+        for the socket to bind as a source address before making the connection.
+        An host of '' or port 0 tells the OS to use the default.
+        """
+
+        host, port = address
+        if host.startswith("["):
+            host = host.strip("[]")
+        err = None
+
+        # Using the value from allowed_gai_family() in the context of getaddrinfo lets
+        # us select whether to work with IPv4 DNS records, IPv6 records, or both.
+        # The original create_connection function always returns all records.
+        family = allowed_gai_family()
+
+        if family != socket.AF_UNSPEC:
+            default_socket_family = family
+
+        if source_address is not None:
+            if isinstance(
+                ipaddress.ip_address(source_address[0]), ipaddress.IPv4Address
+            ):
+                default_socket_family = socket.AF_INET
+            else:
+                default_socket_family = socket.AF_INET6
+
+        try:
+            host.encode("idna")
+        except UnicodeError:
+            raise LocationParseError(f"'{host}', label empty or too long") from None
+
+        dt_pre_resolve = datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc)
+        if timeout is not _DEFAULT_TIMEOUT and timeout is not None:
+            # we can hang here in case of bad networking conditions
+            # the DNS may never answer or the packets can be lost.
+            # this isn't possible in sync mode. unfortunately.
+            # found by user at https://github.com/jawah/niquests/issues/183
+            # todo: find a way to limit getaddrinfo delays in sync mode.
+            try:
+                async with timeout_(timeout):
+                    records = await self.getaddrinfo(
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                        default_socket_family,
+                        socket_kind,
+                        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr=quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr,
+                    )
+            except TimeoutError:
+                raise socket.gaierror(
+                    f"unable to resolve '{host}' within timeout. the DNS server may be unresponsive."
+                )
+        else:
+            records = await self.getaddrinfo(
+                host,
+                port,
+                default_socket_family,
+                socket_kind,
+                quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr=quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr,
+            )
+        delta_post_resolve = datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc) - dt_pre_resolve
+
+        dt_pre_established = datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc)
+        for res in records:
+            af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res
+            sock = None
+            try:
+                sock = AsyncSocket(af, socktype, proto)
+
+                # we need to add this or reusing the same origin port will likely fail within
+                # short period of time. kernel put port on wait shut.
+                if source_address:
+                    try:
+                        sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEPORT, 1)
+                    except (OSError, AttributeError):  # Defensive: very old OS?
+                        try:
+                            sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
+                        except (
+                            OSError,
+                            AttributeError,
+                        ):  # Defensive: we can't do anything better than this.
+                            pass
+
+                    try:
+                        sock.setsockopt(
+                            socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_LINGER, struct.pack("ii", 1, 0)
+                        )
+                    except (OSError, AttributeError):
+                        pass
+
+                # attempt to leverage GRO when under Linux
+                if socktype == socket.SOCK_DGRAM and sys.platform == "linux":
+                    try:
+                        sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_UDP, UDP_LINUX_GRO, 1)
+                    except OSError:  # Defensive: oh, well(...) anyway!
+                        pass
+
+                # If provided, set socket level options before connecting.
+                _set_socket_options(sock, socket_options)
+
+                if timeout is not _DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
+                    sock.settimeout(timeout)
+                if source_address:
+                    sock.bind(source_address)
+
+                try:
+                    await sock.connect(sa)
+                except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                    sock.close()
+                    raise
+
+                # Break explicitly a reference cycle
+                err = None
+
+                delta_post_established = (
+                    datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc) - dt_pre_established
+                )
+
+                if timing_hook is not None:
+                    timing_hook(
+                        (
+                            delta_post_resolve,
+                            delta_post_established,
+                            datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc),
+                        )
+                    )
+
+                return sock
+            except (OSError, OverflowError) as _:
+                err = _
+                if sock is not None:
+                    sock.close()
+                if isinstance(_, OverflowError):
+                    break
+
+        if err is not None:
+            try:
+                raise err
+            finally:
+                # Break explicitly a reference cycle
+                err = None
+        else:
+            raise OSError("getaddrinfo returns an empty list")
+
+
+class AsyncManyResolver(AsyncBaseResolver):
+    """
+    Special resolver that use many child resolver. Priorities
+    are based on given order (list of BaseResolver).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *resolvers: AsyncBaseResolver) -> None:
+        super().__init__(None, None)
+
+        self._size = len(resolvers)
+
+        self._unconstrained: list[AsyncBaseResolver] = [
+            _ for _ in resolvers if not _.have_constraints()
+        ]
+        self._constrained: list[AsyncBaseResolver] = [
+            _ for _ in resolvers if _.have_constraints()
+        ]
+
+        self._concurrent: int = 0
+        self._terminated: bool = False
+
+    def recycle(self) -> AsyncBaseResolver:
+        resolvers = []
+
+        for resolver in self._unconstrained + self._constrained:
+            resolvers.append(resolver.recycle())
+
+        return AsyncManyResolver(*resolvers)
+
+    async def close(self) -> None:  # type: ignore[override]
+        for resolver in self._unconstrained + self._constrained:
+            await resolver.close()
+
+        self._terminated = True
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        return not self._terminated
+
+    def __resolvers(
+        self, constrained: bool = False
+    ) -> typing.Generator[AsyncBaseResolver, None, None]:
+        resolvers = self._unconstrained if not constrained else self._constrained
+
+        if not resolvers:
+            return
+
+        with self._lock:
+            self._concurrent += 1
+
+        try:
+            resolver_count = len(resolvers)
+            start_idx = (self._concurrent - 1) % resolver_count
+
+            for idx in range(start_idx, resolver_count):
+                if not resolvers[idx].is_available():
+                    with self._lock:
+                        resolvers[idx] = resolvers[idx].recycle()
+                yield resolvers[idx]
+
+            if start_idx > 0:
+                for idx in range(0, start_idx):
+                    if not resolvers[idx].is_available():
+                        with self._lock:
+                            resolvers[idx] = resolvers[idx].recycle()
+                    yield resolvers[idx]
+        finally:
+            with self._lock:
+                self._concurrent -= 1
+
+    async def getaddrinfo(  # type: ignore[override]
+        self,
+        host: bytes | str | None,
+        port: str | int | None,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily,
+        type: socket.SocketKind,
+        proto: int = 0,
+        flags: int = 0,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[
+            socket.AddressFamily,
+            socket.SocketKind,
+            int,
+            str,
+            tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+        ]
+    ]:
+        if isinstance(host, bytes):
+            host = host.decode("ascii")
+        if host is None:
+            host = "localhost"
+
+        tested_resolvers = []
+
+        any_constrained_tried: bool = False
+
+        for resolver in self.__resolvers(True):
+            can_resolve = resolver.support(host)
+
+            if can_resolve is True:
+                any_constrained_tried = True
+
+                try:
+                    results = await resolver.getaddrinfo(
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                        family,
+                        type,
+                        proto,
+                        flags,
+                        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr=quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr,
+                    )
+
+                    if results:
+                        return results
+                except socket.gaierror as exc:
+                    if isinstance(exc.args[0], str) and (
+                        "DNSSEC" in exc.args[0] or "DNSKEY" in exc.args[0]
+                    ):
+                        raise
+                    continue
+            elif can_resolve is False:
+                tested_resolvers.append(resolver)
+
+        if any_constrained_tried:
+            raise socket.gaierror(
+                f"Name or service not known: {host} using {self._size - len(self._unconstrained)} resolver(s)"
+            )
+
+        for resolver in self.__resolvers():
+            try:
+                results = await resolver.getaddrinfo(
+                    host,
+                    port,
+                    family,
+                    type,
+                    proto,
+                    flags,
+                    quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr=quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr,
+                )
+
+                if results:
+                    return results
+            except socket.gaierror as exc:
+                if isinstance(exc.args[0], str) and (
+                    "DNSSEC" in exc.args[0] or "DNSKEY" in exc.args[0]
+                ):
+                    raise
+                continue
+
+        raise socket.gaierror(
+            f"Name or service not known: {host} using {self._size - len(self._constrained)} resolver(s)"
+        )

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/_async/system/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ._socket import SystemResolver
+
+__all__ = ("SystemResolver",)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/_async/system/_socket.py

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import socket
+import typing
+
+from ...protocols import ProtocolResolver
+from ..protocols import AsyncBaseResolver
+
+
+class SystemResolver(AsyncBaseResolver):
+    implementation = "socket"
+    protocol = ProtocolResolver.SYSTEM
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any):
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        super().__init__(None, None, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+    def support(self, hostname: str | bytes | None) -> bool | None:
+        if hostname is None:
+            return True
+        if isinstance(hostname, bytes):
+            hostname = hostname.decode("ascii")
+        if hostname == "localhost":
+            return True
+        return super().support(hostname)
+
+    def recycle(self) -> AsyncBaseResolver:
+        return self
+
+    async def close(self) -> None:  # type: ignore[override]
+        pass  # no-op!
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    async def getaddrinfo(  # type: ignore[override]
+        self,
+        host: bytes | str | None,
+        port: str | int | None,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily,
+        type: socket.SocketKind,
+        proto: int = 0,
+        flags: int = 0,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[
+            socket.AddressFamily,
+            socket.SocketKind,
+            int,
+            str,
+            tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+        ]
+    ]:
+        return await asyncio.get_running_loop().getaddrinfo(
+            host=host,
+            port=port,
+            family=family,
+            type=type,
+            proto=proto,
+            flags=flags,
+        )

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/doh/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ._urllib3 import (
+    AdGuardResolver,
+    CloudflareResolver,
+    GoogleResolver,
+    HTTPSResolver,
+    NextDNSResolver,
+    OpenDNSResolver,
+    Quad9Resolver,
+)
+
+__all__ = (
+    "HTTPSResolver",
+    "GoogleResolver",
+    "CloudflareResolver",
+    "AdGuardResolver",
+    "OpenDNSResolver",
+    "Quad9Resolver",
+    "NextDNSResolver",
+)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/doh/_urllib3.py

@@ -0,0 +1,641 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import socket
+import typing
+from base64 import b64encode
+
+from ...._collections import HTTPHeaderDict
+from ....backend import ConnectionInfo, HttpVersion, ResponsePromise
+from ....connectionpool import HTTPSConnectionPool
+from ....response import HTTPResponse
+from ....util.url import parse_url
+from ..protocols import (
+    BaseResolver,
+    DomainNameServerQuery,
+    DomainNameServerReturn,
+    ProtocolResolver,
+    SupportedQueryType,
+)
+from ..utils import is_ipv4, is_ipv6, validate_length_of, parse_https_rdata
+
+
+class HTTPSResolver(BaseResolver):
+    """
+    Advanced DNS over HTTPS resolver.
+    No common ground emerged from IETF w/ JSON. Following Google’s DNS over HTTPS schematics that is
+    also implemented at Cloudflare.
+
+    Support RFC 8484 without JSON. Disabled by default.
+    """
+
+    implementation = "urllib3"
+    protocol = ProtocolResolver.DOH
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        server: str | None,
+        port: int | None = None,
+        *patterns: str,
+        **kwargs: typing.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(server, port or 443, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+        self._path: str = "/resolve"
+
+        if "path" in kwargs:
+            if isinstance(kwargs["path"], str) and kwargs["path"] != "/":
+                self._path = kwargs["path"]
+            kwargs.pop("path")
+
+        self._rfc8484: bool = False
+
+        if "rfc8484" in kwargs:
+            if kwargs["rfc8484"]:
+                self._rfc8484 = True
+            kwargs.pop("rfc8484")
+
+        assert self._server is not None
+
+        if "source_address" in kwargs:
+            if isinstance(kwargs["source_address"], str):
+                bind_ip, bind_port = kwargs["source_address"].split(":", 1)
+
+                if bind_ip and bind_port.isdigit():
+                    kwargs["source_address"] = (
+                        bind_ip,
+                        int(bind_port),
+                    )
+                else:
+                    raise ValueError("invalid source_address given in parameters")
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("invalid source_address given in parameters")
+
+        if "proxy" in kwargs:
+            kwargs["_proxy"] = parse_url(kwargs["proxy"])
+            kwargs.pop("proxy")
+
+        if "maxsize" not in kwargs:
+            kwargs["maxsize"] = 10
+
+        if "proxy_headers" in kwargs and "_proxy" in kwargs:
+            proxy_headers = HTTPHeaderDict()
+
+            if not isinstance(kwargs["proxy_headers"], list):
+                kwargs["proxy_headers"] = [kwargs["proxy_headers"]]
+
+            for item in kwargs["proxy_headers"]:
+                if ":" not in item:
+                    raise ValueError("Passed header is invalid in DNS parameters")
+
+                k, v = item.split(":", 1)
+                proxy_headers.add(k, v)
+
+            kwargs["_proxy_headers"] = proxy_headers
+
+        if "headers" in kwargs:
+            headers = HTTPHeaderDict()
+
+            if not isinstance(kwargs["headers"], list):
+                kwargs["headers"] = [kwargs["headers"]]
+
+            for item in kwargs["headers"]:
+                if ":" not in item:
+                    raise ValueError("Passed header is invalid in DNS parameters")
+
+                k, v = item.split(":", 1)
+                headers.add(k, v)
+
+            kwargs["headers"] = headers
+
+        if "disabled_svn" in kwargs:
+            if not isinstance(kwargs["disabled_svn"], list):
+                kwargs["disabled_svn"] = [kwargs["disabled_svn"]]
+
+            disabled_svn = set()
+
+            for svn in kwargs["disabled_svn"]:
+                svn = svn.lower()
+
+                if svn == "h11":
+                    disabled_svn.add(HttpVersion.h11)
+                elif svn == "h2":
+                    disabled_svn.add(HttpVersion.h2)
+                elif svn == "h3":
+                    disabled_svn.add(HttpVersion.h3)
+
+            kwargs["disabled_svn"] = disabled_svn
+
+        if "on_post_connection" in kwargs and callable(kwargs["on_post_connection"]):
+            self._connection_callback: (
+                typing.Callable[[ConnectionInfo], None] | None
+            ) = kwargs["on_post_connection"]
+            kwargs.pop("on_post_connection")
+        else:
+            self._connection_callback = None
+
+        self._pool = HTTPSConnectionPool(self._server, self._port, **kwargs)
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        self._pool.close()
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        return self._pool.pool is not None
+
+    def getaddrinfo(
+        self,
+        host: bytes | str | None,
+        port: str | int | None,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily,
+        type: socket.SocketKind,
+        proto: int = 0,
+        flags: int = 0,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[
+            socket.AddressFamily,
+            socket.SocketKind,
+            int,
+            str,
+            tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+        ]
+    ]:
+        if host is None:
+            raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                "Tried to resolve 'localhost' from a HTTPSResolver"
+            )
+
+        if port is None:
+            port = 0  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if isinstance(port, str):
+            port = int(port)  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if port < 0:
+            raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                "Servname not supported for ai_socktype"
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(host, bytes):
+            host = host.decode("ascii")  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+
+        if is_ipv4(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET6:
+                raise socket.gaierror("Address family for hostname not supported")
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET,
+                    type,
+                    6,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+        elif is_ipv6(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET:
+                raise socket.gaierror("Address family for hostname not supported")
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET6,
+                    type,
+                    17,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+
+        validate_length_of(host)
+
+        promises: list[HTTPResponse | ResponsePromise] = []
+        remote_preemptive_quic_rr = False
+
+        if quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr and type == socket.SOCK_DGRAM:
+            quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr = False
+
+        if family in [socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.AF_INET]:
+            if not self._rfc8484:
+                promises.append(
+                    self._pool.request_encode_url(
+                        "GET",
+                        self._path,
+                        {"name": host, "type": "1"},
+                        headers={"Accept": "application/dns-json"},
+                        on_post_connection=self._connection_callback,
+                        multiplexed=True,
+                    )
+                )
+            else:
+                dns_query = DomainNameServerQuery(
+                    host, SupportedQueryType.A, override_id=0
+                )
+                dns_payload = bytes(dns_query)
+                promises.append(
+                    self._pool.request_encode_url(
+                        "GET",
+                        self._path,
+                        {
+                            "dns": b64encode(dns_payload).decode().replace("=", ""),
+                        },
+                        headers={"Accept": "application/dns-message"},
+                        on_post_connection=self._connection_callback,
+                        multiplexed=True,
+                    )
+                )
+
+        if family in [socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.AF_INET6]:
+            if not self._rfc8484:
+                promises.append(
+                    self._pool.request_encode_url(
+                        "GET",
+                        self._path,
+                        {"name": host, "type": "28"},
+                        headers={"Accept": "application/dns-json"},
+                        on_post_connection=self._connection_callback,
+                        multiplexed=True,
+                    )
+                )
+            else:
+                dns_query = DomainNameServerQuery(
+                    host, SupportedQueryType.AAAA, override_id=0
+                )
+                dns_payload = bytes(dns_query)
+
+                promises.append(
+                    self._pool.request_encode_url(
+                        "GET",
+                        self._path,
+                        {
+                            "dns": b64encode(dns_payload).decode().replace("=", ""),
+                        },
+                        headers={"Accept": "application/dns-message"},
+                        on_post_connection=self._connection_callback,
+                        multiplexed=True,
+                    )
+                )
+
+        if quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr:
+            if not self._rfc8484:
+                promises.append(
+                    self._pool.request_encode_url(
+                        "GET",
+                        self._path,
+                        {"name": host, "type": "65"},
+                        headers={"Accept": "application/dns-json"},
+                        on_post_connection=self._connection_callback,
+                        multiplexed=True,
+                    )
+                )
+            else:
+                dns_query = DomainNameServerQuery(
+                    host, SupportedQueryType.HTTPS, override_id=0
+                )
+                dns_payload = bytes(dns_query)
+
+                promises.append(
+                    self._pool.request_encode_url(
+                        "GET",
+                        self._path,
+                        {
+                            "dns": b64encode(dns_payload).decode().replace("=", ""),
+                        },
+                        headers={"Accept": "application/dns-message"},
+                        on_post_connection=self._connection_callback,
+                        multiplexed=True,
+                    )
+                )
+
+        responses: list[HTTPResponse] = []
+
+        for promise in promises:
+            if isinstance(promise, HTTPResponse):
+                responses.append(promise)
+                continue
+            responses.append(self._pool.get_response(promise=promise))  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+        results: list[
+            tuple[
+                socket.AddressFamily,
+                socket.SocketKind,
+                int,
+                str,
+                tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+            ]
+        ] = []
+
+        for response in responses:
+            if response.status >= 300:
+                raise socket.gaierror(
+                    f"DNS over HTTPS was unsuccessful, server response status {response.status}."
+                )
+
+            if not self._rfc8484:
+                payload = response.json()
+
+                assert "Status" in payload and isinstance(payload["Status"], int)
+
+                if payload["Status"] != 0:
+                    msg = (
+                        payload["Comment"]
+                        if "Comment" in payload
+                        else f"Remote DNS indicated that an error occurred while providing resolution. Status {payload['Status']}."
+                    )
+
+                    if isinstance(msg, list):
+                        msg = ", ".join(msg)
+
+                    raise socket.gaierror(msg)
+
+                assert "Question" in payload and isinstance(payload["Question"], list)
+
+                if "Answer" not in payload:
+                    continue
+
+                assert isinstance(payload["Answer"], list)
+
+                for answer in payload["Answer"]:
+                    if answer["type"] not in [1, 28, 65]:
+                        continue
+
+                    assert "data" in answer
+                    assert isinstance(answer["data"], str)
+
+                    # DNS RR/HTTPS
+                    if answer["type"] == 65:
+                        # "1 . alpn=h3,h2 ipv4hint=104.16.132.229,104.16.133.229 ipv6hint=2606:4700::6810:84e5,2606:4700::6810:85e5"
+                        # or..
+                        # "1 . alpn=h2,h3"
+                        rr: str = answer["data"]
+
+                        if rr.startswith("\\#"):  # it means, raw, bytes.
+                            rr = "".join(rr[2:].split(" ")[2:])
+
+                            try:
+                                raw_record = bytes.fromhex(rr)
+                            except ValueError:
+                                raw_record = b""
+
+                            https_record = parse_https_rdata(raw_record)
+
+                            if "h3" not in https_record["alpn"]:
+                                continue
+
+                            remote_preemptive_quic_rr = True
+                        else:
+                            rr_decode: dict[str, str] = dict(
+                                tuple(_.lower().split("=", 1))  # type: ignore[misc]
+                                for _ in rr.split(" ")
+                                if "=" in _
+                            )
+
+                            if "alpn" not in rr_decode or "h3" not in rr_decode["alpn"]:
+                                continue
+
+                            remote_preemptive_quic_rr = True
+
+                            if "ipv4hint" in rr_decode and family in [
+                                socket.AF_UNSPEC,
+                                socket.AF_INET,
+                            ]:
+                                for ipv4 in rr_decode["ipv4hint"].split(","):
+                                    results.append(
+                                        (
+                                            socket.AF_INET,
+                                            socket.SOCK_DGRAM,
+                                            17,
+                                            "",
+                                            (
+                                                ipv4,
+                                                port,
+                                            ),
+                                        )
+                                    )
+                            if "ipv6hint" in rr_decode and family in [
+                                socket.AF_UNSPEC,
+                                socket.AF_INET6,
+                            ]:
+                                for ipv6 in rr_decode["ipv6hint"].split(","):
+                                    results.append(
+                                        (
+                                            socket.AF_INET6,
+                                            socket.SOCK_DGRAM,
+                                            17,
+                                            "",
+                                            (
+                                                ipv6,
+                                                port,
+                                                0,
+                                                0,
+                                            ),
+                                        )
+                                    )
+
+                        continue
+
+                    inet_type = (
+                        socket.AF_INET if answer["type"] == 1 else socket.AF_INET6
+                    )
+
+                    dst_addr: tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int] = (
+                        (
+                            answer["data"],
+                            port,
+                        )
+                        if inet_type == socket.AF_INET
+                        else (
+                            answer["data"],
+                            port,
+                            0,
+                            0,
+                        )
+                    )
+
+                    results.append(
+                        (
+                            inet_type,
+                            type,
+                            6 if type == socket.SOCK_STREAM else 17,
+                            "",
+                            dst_addr,
+                        )
+                    )
+            else:
+                dns_resp = DomainNameServerReturn(response.data)
+
+                for record in dns_resp.records:
+                    if record[0] == SupportedQueryType.HTTPS:
+                        assert isinstance(record[-1], dict)
+                        if "h3" in record[-1]["alpn"]:
+                            remote_preemptive_quic_rr = True
+                        continue
+
+                    assert not isinstance(record[-1], dict)
+
+                    inet_type = (
+                        socket.AF_INET
+                        if record[0] == SupportedQueryType.A
+                        else socket.AF_INET6
+                    )
+                    dst_addr = (
+                        (
+                            record[-1],
+                            port,
+                        )
+                        if inet_type == socket.AF_INET
+                        else (
+                            record[-1],
+                            port,
+                            0,
+                            0,
+                        )
+                    )
+
+                    results.append(
+                        (
+                            inet_type,
+                            type,
+                            6 if type == socket.SOCK_STREAM else 17,
+                            "",
+                            dst_addr,
+                        )
+                    )
+
+        quic_results: list[
+            tuple[
+                socket.AddressFamily,
+                socket.SocketKind,
+                int,
+                str,
+                tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+            ]
+        ] = []
+
+        if remote_preemptive_quic_rr:
+            any_specified = False
+
+            for result in results:
+                if result[1] == socket.SOCK_STREAM:
+                    quic_results.append(
+                        (result[0], socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 17, "", result[4])
+                    )
+                else:
+                    any_specified = True
+                    break
+
+            if any_specified:
+                quic_results = []
+
+        return sorted(quic_results + results, key=lambda _: _[0] + _[1], reverse=True)
+
+
+class GoogleResolver(
+    HTTPSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "google"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+        if "rfc8484" in kwargs:
+            if kwargs["rfc8484"]:
+                kwargs["path"] = "/dns-query"
+        super().__init__("dns.google", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class CloudflareResolver(
+    HTTPSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "cloudflare"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        kwargs.update({"path": "/dns-query"})
+        super().__init__("cloudflare-dns.com", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class AdGuardResolver(
+    HTTPSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "adguard"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        kwargs.update({"path": "/dns-query", "rfc8484": True})
+        super().__init__("unfiltered.adguard-dns.com", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class OpenDNSResolver(
+    HTTPSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "opendns"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        kwargs.update({"path": "/dns-query", "rfc8484": True})
+        super().__init__("dns.opendns.com", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class Quad9Resolver(
+    HTTPSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "quad9"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        kwargs.update({"path": "/dns-query", "rfc8484": True})
+        super().__init__("dns11.quad9.net", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class NextDNSResolver(
+    HTTPSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "nextdns"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("dns.nextdns.io", port, *patterns, **kwargs)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/doq/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+try:
+    from ._qh3 import AdGuardResolver, NextDNSResolver, QUICResolver
+except ImportError:
+    QUICResolver = None  # type: ignore
+    AdGuardResolver = None  # type: ignore
+    NextDNSResolver = None  # type: ignore
+
+
+__all__ = (
+    "QUICResolver",
+    "AdGuardResolver",
+    "NextDNSResolver",
+)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/doq/_qh3.py

@@ -0,0 +1,541 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import socket
+import ssl
+import typing
+from collections import deque
+from ssl import SSLError
+from time import time as monotonic
+
+from qh3.quic.configuration import QuicConfiguration
+from qh3.quic.connection import QuicConnection
+from qh3.quic.events import (
+    ConnectionTerminated,
+    HandshakeCompleted,
+    QuicEvent,
+    StopSendingReceived,
+    StreamDataReceived,
+    StreamReset,
+)
+
+from ....util.ssl_ import IS_FIPS, resolve_cert_reqs
+from ...ssa._gro import _sock_has_gro, _sock_has_gso, sync_recv_gro, sync_sendmsg_gso
+from ..dou import PlainResolver
+from ..protocols import (
+    COMMON_RCODE_LABEL,
+    DomainNameServerQuery,
+    DomainNameServerReturn,
+    ProtocolResolver,
+    SupportedQueryType,
+)
+from ..utils import (
+    is_ipv4,
+    is_ipv6,
+    rfc1035_pack,
+    rfc1035_should_read,
+    rfc1035_unpack,
+    validate_length_of,
+)
+
+if IS_FIPS:
+    raise ImportError(
+        "DNS-over-QUIC disabled when Python is built with FIPS-compliant ssl module"
+    )
+
+
+class QUICResolver(PlainResolver):
+    protocol = ProtocolResolver.DOQ
+    implementation = "qh3"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        server: str,
+        port: int | None = None,
+        *patterns: str,
+        **kwargs: typing.Any,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(server, port or 853, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+        # qh3 load_default_certs seems off. need to investigate.
+        if "ca_cert_data" not in kwargs and "ca_certs" not in kwargs:
+            kwargs["ca_cert_data"] = []
+
+            ctx = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT)
+
+            try:
+                ctx.load_default_certs()
+
+                for der in ctx.get_ca_certs(binary_form=True):
+                    kwargs["ca_cert_data"].append(ssl.DER_cert_to_PEM_cert(der))
+
+                if kwargs["ca_cert_data"]:
+                    kwargs["ca_cert_data"] = "".join(kwargs["ca_cert_data"])
+                else:
+                    del kwargs["ca_cert_data"]
+            except (AttributeError, ValueError, OSError):
+                del kwargs["ca_cert_data"]
+
+        if "ca_cert_data" not in kwargs and "ca_certs" not in kwargs:
+            if (
+                "cert_reqs" not in kwargs
+                or resolve_cert_reqs(kwargs["cert_reqs"]) is ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+            ):
+                raise ssl.SSLError(
+                    "DoQ requires at least one CA loaded in order to verify the remote peer certificate. "
+                    "Add ?cert_reqs=0 to disable certificate checks."
+                )
+
+        configuration = QuicConfiguration(
+            is_client=True,
+            alpn_protocols=["doq"],
+            server_name=self._server
+            if "server_hostname" not in kwargs
+            else kwargs["server_hostname"],
+            verify_mode=resolve_cert_reqs(kwargs["cert_reqs"])
+            if "cert_reqs" in kwargs
+            else ssl.CERT_REQUIRED,
+            cadata=kwargs["ca_cert_data"].encode()
+            if "ca_cert_data" in kwargs
+            else None,
+            cafile=kwargs["ca_certs"] if "ca_certs" in kwargs else None,
+            idle_timeout=300.0,
+        )
+
+        if "cert_file" in kwargs:
+            configuration.load_cert_chain(
+                kwargs["cert_file"],
+                kwargs["key_file"] if "key_file" in kwargs else None,
+                kwargs["key_password"] if "key_password" in kwargs else None,
+            )
+        elif "cert_data" in kwargs:
+            configuration.load_cert_chain(
+                kwargs["cert_data"],
+                kwargs["key_data"] if "key_data" in kwargs else None,
+                kwargs["key_password"] if "key_password" in kwargs else None,
+            )
+
+        self._quic = QuicConnection(configuration=configuration)
+
+        self._dgram_gro_enabled: bool = _sock_has_gro(self._socket)
+        self._dgram_gso_enabled: bool = _sock_has_gso(self._socket)
+
+        self._quic.connect((self._server, self._port), monotonic())
+        self.__exchange_until(HandshakeCompleted, receive_first=False)
+
+        self._terminated: bool = False
+        self._should_disconnect: bool = False
+
+        # DNS over QUIC mandate the size-prefix (unsigned int, 2b)
+        self._rfc1035_prefix_mandated = True
+
+        self._unconsumed: deque[DomainNameServerReturn] = deque()
+        self._pending: deque[DomainNameServerQuery] = deque()
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if not self._terminated:
+            with self._lock:
+                self._quic.close()
+
+                while True:
+                    datagrams = self._quic.datagrams_to_send(monotonic())
+
+                    if not datagrams:
+                        break
+
+                    if self._dgram_gso_enabled and len(datagrams) > 1:
+                        sync_sendmsg_gso(self._socket, [d[0] for d in datagrams])
+                    else:
+                        for datagram in datagrams:
+                            self._socket.sendall(datagram[0])
+
+                self._socket.close()
+                self._terminated = True
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        self._quic.handle_timer(monotonic())
+        if hasattr(self._quic, "_close_event") and self._quic._close_event is not None:
+            self._terminated = True
+        return not self._terminated
+
+    def getaddrinfo(
+        self,
+        host: bytes | str | None,
+        port: str | int | None,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily,
+        type: socket.SocketKind,
+        proto: int = 0,
+        flags: int = 0,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[
+            socket.AddressFamily,
+            socket.SocketKind,
+            int,
+            str,
+            tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+        ]
+    ]:
+        if host is None:
+            raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                "Tried to resolve 'localhost' using the QUICResolver"
+            )
+        if port is None:
+            port = 0  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if isinstance(port, str):
+            port = int(port)  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if port < 0:
+            raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                "Servname not supported for ai_socktype"
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(host, bytes):
+            host = host.decode("ascii")  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+
+        if is_ipv4(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET6:
+                raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET,
+                    type,
+                    6,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+        elif is_ipv6(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET:
+                raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET6,
+                    type,
+                    17,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+
+        validate_length_of(host)
+
+        remote_preemptive_quic_rr = False
+
+        if quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr and type == socket.SOCK_DGRAM:
+            quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr = False
+
+        tbq = []
+
+        if family in [socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.AF_INET]:
+            tbq.append(SupportedQueryType.A)
+
+        if family in [socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.AF_INET6]:
+            tbq.append(SupportedQueryType.AAAA)
+
+        if quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr:
+            tbq.append(SupportedQueryType.HTTPS)
+
+        queries = DomainNameServerQuery.bulk(host, *tbq)
+        open_streams = []
+
+        with self._lock:
+            for q in queries:
+                payload = bytes(q)
+
+                self._pending.append(q)
+
+                if self._rfc1035_prefix_mandated is True:
+                    payload = rfc1035_pack(payload)
+
+                stream_id = self._quic.get_next_available_stream_id()
+                self._quic.send_stream_data(stream_id, payload, True)
+
+                open_streams.append(stream_id)
+
+                datagrams = self._quic.datagrams_to_send(monotonic())
+                if self._dgram_gso_enabled and len(datagrams) > 1:
+                    sync_sendmsg_gso(self._socket, [d[0] for d in datagrams])
+                else:
+                    for dg in datagrams:
+                        self._socket.sendall(dg[0])
+
+        responses: list[DomainNameServerReturn] = []
+
+        while len(responses) < len(tbq):
+            with self._lock:
+                if self._unconsumed:
+                    dns_resp = None
+                    for query in queries:
+                        for unconsumed in self._unconsumed:
+                            if unconsumed.id == query.id:
+                                dns_resp = unconsumed
+                                responses.append(dns_resp)
+                                break
+                        if dns_resp:
+                            break
+                    if dns_resp:
+                        self._unconsumed.remove(dns_resp)
+                        self._pending.remove(query)
+                        continue
+
+                try:
+                    events: list[StreamDataReceived] = self.__exchange_until(  # type: ignore[assignment]
+                        StreamDataReceived,
+                        receive_first=True,
+                        event_type_collectable=(StreamDataReceived,),
+                        respect_end_stream_signal=False,
+                    )
+
+                    payload = b"".join([e.data for e in events])
+
+                    while rfc1035_should_read(payload):
+                        events.extend(
+                            self.__exchange_until(  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                                StreamDataReceived,
+                                receive_first=True,
+                                event_type_collectable=(StreamDataReceived,),
+                                respect_end_stream_signal=False,
+                            )
+                        )
+                        payload = b"".join([e.data for e in events])
+                except (TimeoutError, OSError, socket.timeout, ConnectionError) as e:
+                    raise socket.gaierror(
+                        "Got unexpectedly disconnected while waiting for name resolution"
+                    ) from e
+
+                if not payload:
+                    continue
+
+                #: We can receive two responses at once (or more, concatenated). Let's unwrap them.
+                fragments = rfc1035_unpack(payload)
+
+                for fragment in fragments:
+                    dns_resp = DomainNameServerReturn(fragment)
+
+                    if any(dns_resp.id == _.id for _ in queries):
+                        responses.append(dns_resp)
+
+                        query_tbr: DomainNameServerQuery | None = None
+
+                        for query_tbr in self._pending:
+                            if query_tbr.id == dns_resp.id:
+                                break
+                        if query_tbr:
+                            self._pending.remove(query_tbr)
+                    else:
+                        self._unconsumed.append(dns_resp)
+
+        if self._should_disconnect:
+            with self._lock:
+                self.close()
+                self._should_disconnect = False
+                self._terminated = True
+
+        results = []
+
+        for response in responses:
+            if not response.is_ok:
+                if response.rcode == 2:
+                    raise socket.gaierror(
+                        f"DNSSEC validation failure. Check http://dnsviz.net/d/{host}/dnssec/ and http://dnssec-debugger.verisignlabs.com/{host} for errors"
+                    )
+                raise socket.gaierror(
+                    f"DNS returned an error: {COMMON_RCODE_LABEL[response.rcode] if response.rcode in COMMON_RCODE_LABEL else f'code {response.rcode}'}"
+                )
+
+            for record in response.records:
+                if record[0] == SupportedQueryType.HTTPS:
+                    assert isinstance(record[-1], dict)
+                    if "h3" in record[-1]["alpn"]:
+                        remote_preemptive_quic_rr = True
+                    continue
+
+                assert not isinstance(record[-1], dict)
+
+                inet_type = (
+                    socket.AF_INET
+                    if record[0] == SupportedQueryType.A
+                    else socket.AF_INET6
+                )
+                dst_addr: tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int] = (
+                    (
+                        record[-1],
+                        port,
+                    )
+                    if inet_type == socket.AF_INET
+                    else (
+                        record[-1],
+                        port,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                    )
+                )
+
+                results.append(
+                    (
+                        inet_type,
+                        type,
+                        6 if type == socket.SOCK_STREAM else 17,
+                        "",
+                        dst_addr,
+                    )
+                )
+
+        quic_results = []
+
+        if remote_preemptive_quic_rr:
+            any_specified = False
+
+            for result in results:
+                if result[1] == socket.SOCK_STREAM:
+                    quic_results.append(
+                        (result[0], socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 17, "", result[4])
+                    )
+                else:
+                    any_specified = True
+                    break
+
+            if any_specified:
+                quic_results = []
+
+        return sorted(quic_results + results, key=lambda _: _[0] + _[1], reverse=True)
+
+    def __exchange_until(
+        self,
+        event_type: type[QuicEvent] | tuple[type[QuicEvent], ...],
+        *,
+        receive_first: bool = False,
+        event_type_collectable: type[QuicEvent]
+        | tuple[type[QuicEvent], ...]
+        | None = None,
+        respect_end_stream_signal: bool = True,
+    ) -> list[QuicEvent]:
+        while True:
+            if receive_first is False:
+                now = monotonic()
+                while True:
+                    datagrams = self._quic.datagrams_to_send(now)
+
+                    if not datagrams:
+                        break
+
+                    if self._dgram_gso_enabled and len(datagrams) > 1:
+                        sync_sendmsg_gso(self._socket, [d[0] for d in datagrams])
+                    else:
+                        for datagram in datagrams:
+                            self._socket.sendall(datagram[0])
+
+            events = []
+
+            while True:
+                if not self._quic._events:
+                    if self._dgram_gro_enabled:
+                        data_in = sync_recv_gro(self._socket, 65535)
+                    else:
+                        data_in = self._socket.recv(1500)
+
+                    if not data_in:
+                        break
+
+                    now = monotonic()
+
+                    if isinstance(data_in, list):
+                        for gro_segment in data_in:
+                            self._quic.receive_datagram(
+                                gro_segment, (self._server, self._port), now
+                            )
+                    else:
+                        self._quic.receive_datagram(
+                            data_in, (self._server, self._port), now
+                        )
+
+                    while True:
+                        now = monotonic()
+                        datagrams = self._quic.datagrams_to_send(now)
+
+                        if not datagrams:
+                            break
+
+                        if self._dgram_gso_enabled and len(datagrams) > 1:
+                            sync_sendmsg_gso(self._socket, [d[0] for d in datagrams])
+                        else:
+                            for datagram in datagrams:
+                                self._socket.sendall(datagram[0])
+
+                for ev in iter(self._quic.next_event, None):
+                    if isinstance(ev, ConnectionTerminated):
+                        if ev.error_code == 298:
+                            raise SSLError(
+                                "DNS over QUIC did not succeed (Error 298). Chain certificate verification failed."
+                            )
+                        raise socket.gaierror(
+                            f"DNS over QUIC encountered a unrecoverable failure (error {ev.error_code} {ev.reason_phrase})"
+                        )
+                    elif isinstance(ev, StreamReset):
+                        self._terminated = True
+                        raise socket.gaierror(
+                            "DNS over QUIC server submitted a StreamReset. A request was rejected."
+                        )
+                    elif isinstance(ev, StopSendingReceived):
+                        self._should_disconnect = True
+                        continue
+
+                    if event_type_collectable:
+                        if isinstance(ev, event_type_collectable):
+                            events.append(ev)
+                    else:
+                        events.append(ev)
+
+                    if isinstance(ev, event_type):
+                        if not respect_end_stream_signal:
+                            return events
+                        if hasattr(ev, "stream_ended") and ev.stream_ended:
+                            return events
+                        elif hasattr(ev, "stream_ended") is False:
+                            return events
+
+            return events
+
+
+class AdGuardResolver(
+    QUICResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "adguard"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any):
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+        super().__init__("unfiltered.adguard-dns.com", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class NextDNSResolver(
+    QUICResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "nextdns"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any):
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+        super().__init__("dns.nextdns.io", port, *patterns, **kwargs)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/dot/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ._ssl import (
+    AdGuardResolver,
+    CloudflareResolver,
+    GoogleResolver,
+    OpenDNSResolver,
+    Quad9Resolver,
+    TLSResolver,
+)
+
+__all__ = (
+    "TLSResolver",
+    "GoogleResolver",
+    "CloudflareResolver",
+    "AdGuardResolver",
+    "Quad9Resolver",
+    "OpenDNSResolver",
+)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/dot/_ssl.py

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import socket
+import typing
+
+from ....util.ssl_ import resolve_cert_reqs, ssl_wrap_socket
+from ..dou import PlainResolver
+from ..protocols import ProtocolResolver
+from ..system import SystemResolver
+
+
+class TLSResolver(PlainResolver):
+    """
+    Basic DNS resolver over TLS.
+    Comply with RFC 7858: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7858
+    """
+
+    protocol = ProtocolResolver.DOT
+    implementation = "ssl"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        server: str,
+        port: int | None = None,
+        *patterns: str,
+        **kwargs: typing.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        if "timeout" in kwargs and isinstance(kwargs["timeout"], (int, float)):
+            timeout = kwargs["timeout"]
+        else:
+            timeout = None
+
+        if "source_address" in kwargs and isinstance(kwargs["source_address"], str):
+            bind_ip, bind_port = kwargs["source_address"].split(":", 1)
+        else:
+            bind_ip, bind_port = "0.0.0.0", "0"
+
+        self._socket = SystemResolver().create_connection(
+            (server, port or 853),
+            timeout=timeout,
+            source_address=(bind_ip, int(bind_port))
+            if bind_ip != "0.0.0.0" or bind_port != "0"
+            else None,
+            socket_options=((socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1, "tcp"),),
+            socket_kind=socket.SOCK_STREAM,
+        )
+
+        super().__init__(server, port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+        self._socket = ssl_wrap_socket(
+            self._socket,
+            server_hostname=server
+            if "server_hostname" not in kwargs
+            else kwargs["server_hostname"],
+            keyfile=kwargs["key_file"] if "key_file" in kwargs else None,
+            certfile=kwargs["cert_file"] if "cert_file" in kwargs else None,
+            cert_reqs=resolve_cert_reqs(kwargs["cert_reqs"])
+            if "cert_reqs" in kwargs
+            else None,
+            ca_certs=kwargs["ca_certs"] if "ca_certs" in kwargs else None,
+            ssl_version=kwargs["ssl_version"] if "ssl_version" in kwargs else None,
+            ciphers=kwargs["ciphers"] if "ciphers" in kwargs else None,
+            ca_cert_dir=kwargs["ca_cert_dir"] if "ca_cert_dir" in kwargs else None,
+            key_password=kwargs["key_password"] if "key_password" in kwargs else None,
+            ca_cert_data=kwargs["ca_cert_data"] if "ca_cert_data" in kwargs else None,
+            certdata=kwargs["cert_data"] if "cert_data" in kwargs else None,
+            keydata=kwargs["key_data"] if "key_data" in kwargs else None,
+        )
+
+        # DNS over TLS mandate the size-prefix (unsigned int, 2 bytes)
+        self._rfc1035_prefix_mandated = True
+
+
+class GoogleResolver(
+    TLSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "google"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("dns.google", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class CloudflareResolver(
+    TLSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "cloudflare"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("1.1.1.1", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class AdGuardResolver(
+    TLSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "adguard"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("unfiltered.adguard-dns.com", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class OpenDNSResolver(
+    TLSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "opendns"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("dns.opendns.com", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class Quad9Resolver(
+    TLSResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "quad9"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("dns11.quad9.net", port, *patterns, **kwargs)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/dou/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ._socket import (
+    AdGuardResolver,
+    CloudflareResolver,
+    GoogleResolver,
+    PlainResolver,
+    Quad9Resolver,
+)
+
+__all__ = (
+    "PlainResolver",
+    "CloudflareResolver",
+    "GoogleResolver",
+    "Quad9Resolver",
+    "AdGuardResolver",
+)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/dou/_socket.py

@@ -0,0 +1,415 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import socket
+import typing
+from collections import deque
+
+from ...ssa._gro import _sock_has_gro, sync_recv_gro
+from ..protocols import (
+    COMMON_RCODE_LABEL,
+    BaseResolver,
+    DomainNameServerQuery,
+    DomainNameServerReturn,
+    ProtocolResolver,
+    SupportedQueryType,
+)
+from ..system import SystemResolver
+from ..utils import (
+    is_ipv4,
+    is_ipv6,
+    packet_fragment,
+    rfc1035_pack,
+    rfc1035_should_read,
+    rfc1035_unpack,
+    validate_length_of,
+)
+
+
+class PlainResolver(BaseResolver):
+    """
+    Minimalist DNS resolver over UDP
+    Comply with RFC 1035: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1035
+
+    EDNS is not supported, yet. But we plan to. Willing to contribute?
+    """
+
+    protocol = ProtocolResolver.DOU
+    implementation = "socket"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        server: str,
+        port: int | None = None,
+        *patterns: str,
+        **kwargs: typing.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(server, port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+        if not hasattr(self, "_socket"):
+            if "timeout" in kwargs and isinstance(
+                kwargs["timeout"],
+                (
+                    float,
+                    int,
+                ),
+            ):
+                timeout = kwargs["timeout"]
+            else:
+                timeout = None
+
+            if "source_address" in kwargs and isinstance(kwargs["source_address"], str):
+                bind_ip, bind_port = kwargs["source_address"].split(":", 1)
+            else:
+                bind_ip, bind_port = "0.0.0.0", "0"
+
+            self._socket = SystemResolver().create_connection(
+                (server, port or 53),
+                timeout=timeout,
+                source_address=(bind_ip, int(bind_port))
+                if bind_ip != "0.0.0.0" or bind_port != "0"
+                else None,
+                socket_options=None,
+                socket_kind=socket.SOCK_DGRAM,
+            )
+
+        #: Only useful for inheritance, e.g. DNS over TLS support dns-message but require a prefix.
+        self._rfc1035_prefix_mandated: bool = False
+
+        self._gro_enabled: bool = _sock_has_gro(self._socket)
+
+        self._unconsumed: deque[DomainNameServerReturn] = deque()
+        self._pending: deque[DomainNameServerQuery] = deque()
+
+        self._terminated: bool = False
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if not self._terminated:
+            with self._lock:
+                if self._socket is not None:
+                    self._socket.shutdown(0)
+                    self._socket.close()
+                self._terminated = True
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        return not self._terminated
+
+    def getaddrinfo(
+        self,
+        host: bytes | str | None,
+        port: str | int | None,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily,
+        type: socket.SocketKind,
+        proto: int = 0,
+        flags: int = 0,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[
+            socket.AddressFamily,
+            socket.SocketKind,
+            int,
+            str,
+            tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+        ]
+    ]:
+        if host is None:
+            raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                "Tried to resolve 'localhost' from a PlainResolver"
+            )
+
+        if port is None:
+            port = 0  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if isinstance(port, str):
+            port = int(port)  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if port < 0:
+            raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                "Servname not supported for ai_socktype"
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(host, bytes):
+            host = host.decode("ascii")  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+
+        if is_ipv4(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET6:
+                raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET,
+                    type,
+                    6,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+        elif is_ipv6(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET:
+                raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET6,
+                    type,
+                    17,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+
+        validate_length_of(host)
+
+        remote_preemptive_quic_rr = False
+
+        if quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr and type == socket.SOCK_DGRAM:
+            quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr = False
+
+        tbq = []
+
+        if family in [socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.AF_INET]:
+            tbq.append(SupportedQueryType.A)
+
+        if family in [socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.AF_INET6]:
+            tbq.append(SupportedQueryType.AAAA)
+
+        if quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr:
+            tbq.append(SupportedQueryType.HTTPS)
+
+        queries = DomainNameServerQuery.bulk(host, *tbq)
+
+        with self._lock:
+            for q in queries:
+                payload = bytes(q)
+                self._pending.append(q)
+
+                if self._rfc1035_prefix_mandated is True:
+                    payload = rfc1035_pack(payload)
+
+                self._socket.sendall(payload)
+
+        responses: list[DomainNameServerReturn] = []
+
+        while len(responses) < len(tbq):
+            with self._lock:
+                #: There we want to verify if another thread got a response that belong to this thread.
+                if self._unconsumed:
+                    dns_resp = None
+
+                    for query in queries:
+                        for unconsumed in self._unconsumed:
+                            if unconsumed.id == query.id:
+                                dns_resp = unconsumed
+                                responses.append(dns_resp)
+                                break
+                        if dns_resp:
+                            break
+
+                    if dns_resp:
+                        self._pending.remove(query)
+                        self._unconsumed.remove(dns_resp)
+                        continue
+
+                try:
+                    if self._gro_enabled:
+                        data_in_or_segments = sync_recv_gro(self._socket, 65535)
+                    else:
+                        data_in_or_segments = self._socket.recv(1500)
+
+                    if isinstance(data_in_or_segments, list):
+                        payloads = data_in_or_segments
+                    elif data_in_or_segments:
+                        payloads = [data_in_or_segments]
+                    else:
+                        payloads = []
+
+                    if self._rfc1035_prefix_mandated is True and payloads:
+                        payload = b"".join(payloads)
+                        while rfc1035_should_read(payload):
+                            extra = self._socket.recv(1500)
+                            if isinstance(extra, list):
+                                payload += b"".join(extra)
+                            else:
+                                payload += extra
+                        payloads = [payload]
+                except (TimeoutError, OSError, socket.timeout, ConnectionError) as e:
+                    raise socket.gaierror(
+                        "Got unexpectedly disconnected while waiting for name resolution"
+                    ) from e
+
+                if not payloads:
+                    self._terminated = True
+                    raise socket.gaierror(
+                        "Got unexpectedly disconnected while waiting for name resolution"
+                    )
+
+                pending_raw_identifiers = [_.raw_id for _ in self._pending]
+
+                for payload in payloads:
+                    #: We can receive two responses at once (or more, concatenated). Let's unwrap them.
+                    if self._rfc1035_prefix_mandated is True:
+                        fragments = rfc1035_unpack(payload)
+                    else:
+                        fragments = packet_fragment(payload, *pending_raw_identifiers)
+
+                    for fragment in fragments:
+                        dns_resp = DomainNameServerReturn(fragment)
+
+                        if any(dns_resp.id == _.id for _ in queries):
+                            responses.append(dns_resp)
+
+                            query_tbr: DomainNameServerQuery | None = None
+
+                            for query_tbr in self._pending:
+                                if query_tbr.id == dns_resp.id:
+                                    break
+
+                            if query_tbr:
+                                self._pending.remove(query_tbr)
+                        else:
+                            self._unconsumed.append(dns_resp)
+
+        results = []
+
+        for response in responses:
+            if not response.is_ok:
+                if response.rcode == 2:
+                    raise socket.gaierror(
+                        f"DNSSEC validation failure. Check http://dnsviz.net/d/{host}/dnssec/ and http://dnssec-debugger.verisignlabs.com/{host} for errors"
+                    )
+                raise socket.gaierror(
+                    f"DNS returned an error: {COMMON_RCODE_LABEL[response.rcode] if response.rcode in COMMON_RCODE_LABEL else f'code {response.rcode}'}"
+                )
+
+            for record in response.records:
+                if record[0] == SupportedQueryType.HTTPS:
+                    assert isinstance(record[-1], dict)
+                    if "h3" in record[-1]["alpn"]:
+                        remote_preemptive_quic_rr = True
+                    continue
+
+                assert not isinstance(record[-1], dict)
+
+                inet_type = (
+                    socket.AF_INET
+                    if record[0] == SupportedQueryType.A
+                    else socket.AF_INET6
+                )
+                dst_addr: tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int] = (
+                    (
+                        record[-1],
+                        port,
+                    )
+                    if inet_type == socket.AF_INET
+                    else (
+                        record[-1],
+                        port,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                    )
+                )
+
+                results.append(
+                    (
+                        inet_type,
+                        type,
+                        6 if type == socket.SOCK_STREAM else 17,
+                        "",
+                        dst_addr,
+                    )
+                )
+
+        quic_results = []
+
+        if remote_preemptive_quic_rr:
+            any_specified = False
+
+            for result in results:
+                if result[1] == socket.SOCK_STREAM:
+                    quic_results.append(
+                        (result[0], socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 17, "", result[4])
+                    )
+                else:
+                    any_specified = True
+                    break
+
+            if any_specified:
+                quic_results = []
+
+        return sorted(quic_results + results, key=lambda _: _[0] + _[1], reverse=True)
+
+
+class CloudflareResolver(
+    PlainResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "cloudflare"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("1.1.1.1", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class GoogleResolver(
+    PlainResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "google"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("8.8.8.8", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class Quad9Resolver(
+    PlainResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "quad9"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("9.9.9.9", port, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+
+class AdGuardResolver(
+    PlainResolver
+):  # Defensive: we do not cover specific vendors/DNS shortcut
+    specifier = "adguard"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            port = kwargs["port"]
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        else:
+            port = None
+
+        super().__init__("94.140.14.140", port, *patterns, **kwargs)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/factories.py

@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import importlib
+import inspect
+import typing
+from abc import ABCMeta
+from base64 import b64encode
+from typing import Any
+from urllib.parse import parse_qs
+
+from ...util import parse_url
+from .protocols import BaseResolver, ProtocolResolver
+
+
+class ResolverFactory(metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    @staticmethod
+    def new(
+        protocol: ProtocolResolver,
+        specifier: str | None = None,
+        implementation: str | None = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> BaseResolver:
+        package_name: str = __name__.split(".")[0]
+
+        module_expr = f".{protocol.value.replace('-', '_')}"
+
+        if implementation:
+            module_expr += f"._{implementation.replace('-', '_').lower()}"
+
+        spe_msg = " " if specifier is None else f' (w/ specifier "{specifier}") '
+
+        try:
+            resolver_module = importlib.import_module(
+                module_expr, f"{package_name}.contrib.resolver"
+            )
+        except ImportError as e:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                f"{protocol}{spe_msg}cannot be loaded. Tried to import '{module_expr}'. Did you specify a non-existent implementation?"
+            ) from e
+
+        implementations: list[tuple[str, type[BaseResolver]]] = inspect.getmembers(
+            resolver_module,
+            lambda e: isinstance(e, type)
+            and issubclass(e, BaseResolver)
+            and (
+                (specifier is None and e.specifier is None) or specifier == e.specifier
+            ),
+        )
+
+        if not implementations:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                f"{protocol}{spe_msg}cannot be loaded. "
+                "No compatible implementation available. "
+                "Make sure your implementation inherit from BaseResolver."
+            )
+
+        implementation_target: type[BaseResolver] = implementations.pop()[1]
+
+        return implementation_target(**kwargs)
+
+
+class ResolverDescription:
+    """Describe how a BaseResolver must be instantiated."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        protocol: ProtocolResolver,
+        specifier: str | None = None,
+        implementation: str | None = None,
+        server: str | None = None,
+        port: int | None = None,
+        *host_patterns: str,
+        **kwargs: typing.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.protocol = protocol
+        self.specifier = specifier
+        self.implementation = implementation
+        self.server = server
+        self.port = port
+        self.host_patterns = host_patterns
+        self.kwargs = kwargs
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key: str, value: typing.Any) -> None:
+        self.kwargs[key] = value
+
+    def __contains__(self, item: str) -> bool:
+        return item in self.kwargs
+
+    def new(self) -> BaseResolver:
+        kwargs = {**self.kwargs}
+
+        if self.server:
+            kwargs["server"] = self.server
+        if self.port:
+            kwargs["port"] = self.port
+        if self.host_patterns:
+            kwargs["patterns"] = self.host_patterns
+
+        return ResolverFactory.new(
+            self.protocol,
+            self.specifier,
+            self.implementation,
+            **kwargs,
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_url(url: str) -> ResolverDescription:
+        parsed_url = parse_url(url)
+
+        schema = parsed_url.scheme
+
+        if schema is None:
+            raise ValueError("Given DNS url is missing a protocol")
+
+        specifier = None
+        implementation = None
+
+        if "+" in schema:
+            schema, specifier = tuple(schema.lower().split("+", 1))
+
+        protocol = ProtocolResolver(schema)
+        kwargs: dict[str, typing.Any] = {}
+
+        if parsed_url.path:
+            kwargs["path"] = parsed_url.path
+
+        if parsed_url.auth:
+            kwargs["headers"] = dict()
+            if ":" in parsed_url.auth:
+                username, password = parsed_url.auth.split(":")
+
+                username = username.strip("'\"")
+                password = password.strip("'\"")
+
+                kwargs["headers"]["Authorization"] = (
+                    f"Basic {b64encode(f'{username}:{password}'.encode()).decode()}"
+                )
+            else:
+                kwargs["headers"]["Authorization"] = f"Bearer {parsed_url.auth}"
+
+        if parsed_url.query:
+            parameters = parse_qs(parsed_url.query)
+
+            for parameter in parameters:
+                if not parameters[parameter]:
+                    continue
+
+                parameter_insensible = parameter.lower()
+
+                if (
+                    isinstance(parameters[parameter], list)
+                    and len(parameters[parameter]) > 1
+                ):
+                    if parameter == "implementation":
+                        raise ValueError("Only one implementation can be passed to URL")
+
+                    values = []
+
+                    for e in parameters[parameter]:
+                        if "," in e:
+                            values.extend(e.split(","))
+                        else:
+                            values.append(e)
+
+                    if parameter_insensible in kwargs:
+                        if isinstance(kwargs[parameter_insensible], list):
+                            kwargs[parameter_insensible].extend(values)
+                        else:
+                            values.append(kwargs[parameter_insensible])
+                            kwargs[parameter_insensible] = values
+                        continue
+
+                    kwargs[parameter_insensible] = values
+                    continue
+
+                value: str = parameters[parameter][0].lower().strip(" ")
+
+                if parameter == "implementation":
+                    implementation = value
+                    continue
+
+                if "," in value:
+                    list_of_values = value.split(",")
+
+                    if parameter_insensible in kwargs:
+                        if isinstance(kwargs[parameter_insensible], list):
+                            kwargs[parameter_insensible].extend(list_of_values)
+                        else:
+                            list_of_values.append(kwargs[parameter_insensible])
+                        continue
+
+                    kwargs[parameter_insensible] = list_of_values
+                    continue
+
+                value_converted: bool | int | float | None = None
+
+                if value in ["false", "true"]:
+                    value_converted = True if value == "true" else False
+                elif value.isdigit():
+                    value_converted = int(value)
+                elif (
+                    value.count(".") == 1
+                    and value.index(".") > 0
+                    and value.replace(".", "").isdigit()
+                ):
+                    value_converted = float(value)
+
+                kwargs[parameter_insensible] = (
+                    value if value_converted is None else value_converted
+                )
+
+        host_patterns: list[str] = []
+
+        if "hosts" in kwargs:
+            host_patterns = (
+                kwargs["hosts"].split(",")
+                if isinstance(kwargs["hosts"], str)
+                else kwargs["hosts"]
+            )
+            del kwargs["hosts"]
+
+        return ResolverDescription(
+            protocol,
+            specifier,
+            implementation,
+            parsed_url.host,
+            parsed_url.port,
+            *host_patterns,
+            **kwargs,
+        )

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/in_memory/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ._dict import InMemoryResolver
+
+__all__ = ("InMemoryResolver",)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/in_memory/_dict.py

@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import socket
+import typing
+
+from ....util.url import _IPV6_ADDRZ_RE
+from ..protocols import BaseResolver, ProtocolResolver
+from ..utils import is_ipv4, is_ipv6
+
+
+class InMemoryResolver(BaseResolver):
+    protocol = ProtocolResolver.MANUAL
+    implementation = "dict"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any):
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        super().__init__(None, None, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+        self._maxsize = 65535 if "maxsize" not in kwargs else int(kwargs["maxsize"])
+        self._hosts: dict[str, list[tuple[socket.AddressFamily, str]]] = {}
+
+        if self._host_patterns:
+            for record in self._host_patterns:
+                if ":" not in record:
+                    continue
+                hostname, addr = record.split(":", 1)
+                self.register(hostname, addr)
+            self._host_patterns = tuple([])
+
+        # probably about our happy eyeballs impl (sync only)
+        if len(self._hosts) == 1 and len(self._hosts[list(self._hosts.keys())[0]]) == 1:
+            self._unsafe_expose = True
+
+    def recycle(self) -> BaseResolver:
+        return self
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        pass  # no-op
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def have_constraints(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def support(self, hostname: str | bytes | None) -> bool | None:
+        if hostname is None:
+            hostname = "localhost"
+        if isinstance(hostname, bytes):
+            hostname = hostname.decode("ascii")
+        return hostname in self._hosts
+
+    def register(self, hostname: str, ipaddr: str) -> None:
+        with self._lock:
+            if hostname not in self._hosts:
+                self._hosts[hostname] = []
+            else:
+                for e in self._hosts[hostname]:
+                    t, addr = e
+                    if addr in ipaddr:
+                        return
+
+            if _IPV6_ADDRZ_RE.match(ipaddr):
+                self._hosts[hostname].append((socket.AF_INET6, ipaddr[1:-1]))
+            elif is_ipv6(ipaddr):
+                self._hosts[hostname].append((socket.AF_INET6, ipaddr))
+            else:
+                self._hosts[hostname].append((socket.AF_INET, ipaddr))
+
+            if len(self._hosts) > self._maxsize:
+                k = None
+                for k in self._hosts.keys():
+                    break
+                if k:
+                    self._hosts.pop(k)
+
+    def clear(self, hostname: str) -> None:
+        with self._lock:
+            if hostname in self._hosts:
+                del self._hosts[hostname]
+
+    def getaddrinfo(
+        self,
+        host: bytes | str | None,
+        port: str | int | None,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily,
+        type: socket.SocketKind,
+        proto: int = 0,
+        flags: int = 0,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[
+            socket.AddressFamily,
+            socket.SocketKind,
+            int,
+            str,
+            tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+        ]
+    ]:
+        if host is None:
+            host = "localhost"  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+
+        if port is None:
+            port = 0  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if isinstance(port, str):
+            port = int(port)  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if port < 0:
+            raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                "Servname not supported for ai_socktype"
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(host, bytes):
+            host = host.decode("ascii")  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+
+        if is_ipv4(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET6:
+                raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET,
+                    type,
+                    6,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+        elif is_ipv6(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET:
+                raise socket.gaierror(  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET6,
+                    type,
+                    17,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+
+        results: list[
+            tuple[
+                socket.AddressFamily,
+                socket.SocketKind,
+                int,
+                str,
+                tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+            ]
+        ] = []
+
+        with self._lock:
+            if host not in self._hosts:
+                raise socket.gaierror(f"no records found for hostname {host} in-memory")
+
+            for entry in self._hosts[host]:
+                addr_type, addr_target = entry
+
+                if family != socket.AF_UNSPEC:
+                    if family != addr_type:
+                        continue
+
+                results.append(
+                    (
+                        addr_type,
+                        type,
+                        6 if type == socket.SOCK_STREAM else 17,
+                        "",
+                        (addr_target, port)
+                        if addr_type == socket.AF_INET
+                        else (addr_target, port, 0, 0),
+                    )
+                )
+
+        if not results:
+            raise socket.gaierror(f"no records found for hostname {host} in-memory")
+
+        return results

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/null/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import socket
+import typing
+
+from ..protocols import BaseResolver, ProtocolResolver
+from ..utils import is_ipv4, is_ipv6
+
+
+class NullResolver(BaseResolver):
+    protocol = ProtocolResolver.NULL
+    implementation = "dummy"
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any):
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        super().__init__(None, None, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+    def recycle(self) -> BaseResolver:
+        return self
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        pass  # no-op
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def getaddrinfo(
+        self,
+        host: bytes | str | None,
+        port: str | int | None,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily,
+        type: socket.SocketKind,
+        proto: int = 0,
+        flags: int = 0,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[
+            socket.AddressFamily,
+            socket.SocketKind,
+            int,
+            str,
+            tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+        ]
+    ]:
+        if host is None:
+            host = "localhost"  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+
+        if port is None:
+            port = 0  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if isinstance(port, str):
+            port = int(port)  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+        if port < 0:
+            raise socket.gaierror(
+                "Servname not supported for ai_socktype"
+            )  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+
+        if isinstance(host, bytes):
+            host = host.decode("ascii")  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+
+        if is_ipv4(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET6:
+                raise socket.gaierror(
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET,
+                    type,
+                    6,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+        elif is_ipv6(host):
+            if family == socket.AF_INET:
+                raise socket.gaierror(
+                    "Address family for hostname not supported"
+                )  # Defensive: stdlib cpy behavior
+            return [
+                (
+                    socket.AF_INET6,
+                    type,
+                    17,
+                    "",
+                    (
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                    ),
+                )
+            ]
+
+        raise socket.gaierror(f"Tried to resolve '{host}' using the NullResolver")
+
+
+__all__ = ("NullResolver",)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/protocols.py

@@ -0,0 +1,655 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import ipaddress
+import socket
+import struct
+import sys
+import threading
+import typing
+from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
+from copy import deepcopy
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from enum import Enum
+from random import randint
+
+from ..._constant import UDP_LINUX_GRO
+from ..._typing import _TYPE_SOCKET_OPTIONS, _TYPE_TIMEOUT_INTERNAL
+from ...exceptions import LocationParseError
+from ...util.connection import _set_socket_options, allowed_gai_family
+from ...util.ssl_match_hostname import CertificateError, match_hostname
+from ...util.timeout import _DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
+from .utils import inet4_ntoa, inet6_ntoa, parse_https_rdata
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .utils import HttpsRecord
+
+
+class ProtocolResolver(str, Enum):
+    """
+    At urllib3.future we aim to propose a wide range of DNS-protocols.
+    The most used techniques are available.
+    """
+
+    #: Ask the OS native DNS layer
+    SYSTEM = "system"
+    #: DNS over HTTPS
+    DOH = "doh"
+    #: DNS over QUIC
+    DOQ = "doq"
+    #: DNS over TLS
+    DOT = "dot"
+    #: DNS over UDP (insecure)
+    DOU = "dou"
+    #: Manual (e.g. hosts)
+    MANUAL = "in-memory"
+    #: Void (e.g. purposely disable resolution)
+    NULL = "null"
+    #: Custom (e.g. your own implementation, use this when it does not suit any of the protocols specified)
+    CUSTOM = "custom"
+
+
+class BaseResolver(metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    protocol: typing.ClassVar[ProtocolResolver]
+    specifier: typing.ClassVar[str | None] = None
+
+    implementation: typing.ClassVar[str]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        server: str | None,
+        port: int | None = None,
+        *patterns: str,
+        **kwargs: typing.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._server = server
+        self._port = port
+        self._host_patterns: tuple[str, ...] = patterns
+        self._lock = threading.Lock()
+        self._kwargs = kwargs
+
+        if not self._host_patterns and "patterns" in kwargs:
+            self._host_patterns = kwargs["patterns"]
+
+        # allow to temporarily expose a sock that is "being" created
+        # this helps with our Happy Eyeballs implementation in sync.
+        self._unsafe_expose: bool = False
+        self._sock_cursor: socket.socket | None = None
+
+    def recycle(self) -> BaseResolver:
+        if self.is_available():
+            raise RuntimeError("Attempting to recycle a Resolver that was not closed")
+
+        args = list(self.__class__.__init__.__code__.co_varnames)
+        args.remove("self")
+
+        kwargs_cpy = deepcopy(self._kwargs)
+
+        if self._server:
+            kwargs_cpy["server"] = self._server
+        if self._port:
+            kwargs_cpy["port"] = self._port
+
+        if "patterns" in args and "kwargs" in args:
+            return self.__class__(*self._host_patterns, **kwargs_cpy)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        elif "kwargs" in args:
+            return self.__class__(**kwargs_cpy)
+
+        return self.__class__()  # type: ignore[call-arg]
+
+    @property
+    def server(self) -> str | None:
+        return self._server
+
+    @property
+    def port(self) -> int | None:
+        return self._port
+
+    def have_constraints(self) -> bool:
+        return bool(self._host_patterns)
+
+    def support(self, hostname: str | bytes | None) -> bool | None:
+        """
+        Determine if given hostname is especially resolvable by given resolver.
+        If this resolver does not have any constrained list of host, it returns None. Meaning
+        it support any hostname for resolution.
+        """
+        if not self._host_patterns:
+            return None
+        if hostname is None:
+            hostname = "localhost"
+        if isinstance(hostname, bytes):
+            hostname = hostname.decode("ascii")
+        try:
+            match_hostname(
+                {"subjectAltName": (tuple(("DNS", e) for e in self._host_patterns))},
+                hostname,
+            )
+        except CertificateError:
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """Terminate the given resolver instance. This should render it unusable. Further inquiries should raise an exception."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        """Determine if Resolver can receive inquiries."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def getaddrinfo(
+        self,
+        host: bytes | str | None,
+        port: str | int | None,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily,
+        type: socket.SocketKind,
+        proto: int = 0,
+        flags: int = 0,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[
+            socket.AddressFamily,
+            socket.SocketKind,
+            int,
+            str,
+            tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+        ]
+    ]:
+        """This method align itself on the standard library socket.getaddrinfo(). It must be implemented as-is on your Resolver."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    # This function is copied from socket.py in the Python 2.7 standard
+    # library test suite. Added to its signature is only `socket_options`.
+    # One additional modification is that we avoid binding to IPv6 servers
+    # discovered in DNS if the system doesn't have IPv6 functionality.
+    def create_connection(
+        self,
+        address: tuple[str, int],
+        timeout: _TYPE_TIMEOUT_INTERNAL = _DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+        source_address: tuple[str, int] | None = None,
+        socket_options: _TYPE_SOCKET_OPTIONS | None = None,
+        socket_kind: socket.SocketKind = socket.SOCK_STREAM,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+        timing_hook: typing.Callable[[tuple[timedelta, timedelta, datetime]], None]
+        | None = None,
+        default_socket_family: socket.AddressFamily = socket.AF_UNSPEC,
+    ) -> socket.socket:
+        """Connect to *address* and return the socket object.
+
+        Convenience function.  Connect to *address* (a 2-tuple ``(host,
+        port)``) and return the socket object.  Passing the optional
+        *timeout* parameter will set the timeout on the socket instance
+        before attempting to connect.  If no *timeout* is supplied, the
+        global default timeout setting returned by :func:`socket.getdefaulttimeout`
+        is used.  If *source_address* is set it must be a tuple of (host, port)
+        for the socket to bind as a source address before making the connection.
+        An host of '' or port 0 tells the OS to use the default.
+        """
+
+        host, port = address
+        if host.startswith("["):
+            host = host.strip("[]")
+        err = None
+
+        # Using the value from allowed_gai_family() in the context of getaddrinfo lets
+        # us select whether to work with IPv4 DNS records, IPv6 records, or both.
+        # The original create_connection function always returns all records.
+        family = allowed_gai_family()
+
+        if family != socket.AF_UNSPEC:
+            default_socket_family = family
+
+        if source_address is not None:
+            if isinstance(
+                ipaddress.ip_address(source_address[0]), ipaddress.IPv4Address
+            ):
+                default_socket_family = socket.AF_INET
+            else:
+                default_socket_family = socket.AF_INET6
+
+        try:
+            host.encode("idna")
+        except UnicodeError:
+            raise LocationParseError(f"'{host}', label empty or too long") from None
+
+        dt_pre_resolve = datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc)
+        records = self.getaddrinfo(
+            host,
+            port,
+            default_socket_family,
+            socket_kind,
+            quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr=quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr,
+        )
+        delta_post_resolve = datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc) - dt_pre_resolve
+
+        dt_pre_established = datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc)
+        for res in records:
+            af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res
+            sock = None
+            try:
+                sock = socket.socket(af, socktype, proto)
+
+                # we need to add this or reusing the same origin port will likely fail within
+                # short period of time. kernel put port on wait shut.
+                if source_address is not None:
+                    try:
+                        sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEPORT, 1)
+                    except (
+                        OSError,
+                        AttributeError,
+                    ):  # Defensive: Windows or very old OS?
+                        try:
+                            sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
+                        except (
+                            OSError,
+                            AttributeError,
+                        ):  # Defensive: we can't do anything better than this.
+                            pass
+
+                    try:
+                        sock.setsockopt(
+                            socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_LINGER, struct.pack("ii", 1, 0)
+                        )
+                    except (OSError, AttributeError):
+                        pass
+
+                    sock.bind(source_address)
+
+                # attempt to leverage GRO when under Linux
+                if socktype == socket.SOCK_DGRAM and sys.platform == "linux":
+                    try:
+                        sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_UDP, UDP_LINUX_GRO, 1)
+                    except OSError:  # Defensive: oh, well(...) anyway!
+                        pass
+
+                # If provided, set socket level options before connecting.
+                _set_socket_options(sock, socket_options)
+
+                if timeout is not _DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
+                    sock.settimeout(timeout)
+
+                if self._unsafe_expose:
+                    self._sock_cursor = sock
+
+                sock.connect(sa)
+
+                if self._unsafe_expose:
+                    self._sock_cursor = None
+                # Break explicitly a reference cycle
+                err = None
+
+                delta_post_established = (
+                    datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc) - dt_pre_established
+                )
+
+                if timing_hook is not None:
+                    timing_hook(
+                        (
+                            delta_post_resolve,
+                            delta_post_established,
+                            datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc),
+                        )
+                    )
+
+                return sock
+            except (OSError, OverflowError) as _:
+                err = _
+                if sock is not None:
+                    sock.close()
+                if isinstance(_, OverflowError):
+                    break
+
+        if err is not None:
+            try:
+                raise err
+            finally:
+                # Break explicitly a reference cycle
+                err = None
+        else:
+            raise OSError("getaddrinfo returns an empty list")
+
+
+class ManyResolver(BaseResolver):
+    """
+    Special resolver that use many child resolver. Priorities
+    are based on given order (list of BaseResolver).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *resolvers: BaseResolver) -> None:
+        super().__init__(None, None)
+
+        self._size = len(resolvers)
+
+        self._unconstrained: list[BaseResolver] = [
+            _ for _ in resolvers if not _.have_constraints()
+        ]
+        self._constrained: list[BaseResolver] = [
+            _ for _ in resolvers if _.have_constraints()
+        ]
+
+        self._concurrent: int = 0
+        self._terminated: bool = False
+
+    def recycle(self) -> BaseResolver:
+        resolvers = []
+
+        for resolver in self._unconstrained + self._constrained:
+            resolvers.append(resolver.recycle())
+
+        return ManyResolver(*resolvers)
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        for resolver in self._unconstrained + self._constrained:
+            resolver.close()
+
+        self._terminated = True
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        return not self._terminated
+
+    def __resolvers(
+        self, constrained: bool = False
+    ) -> typing.Generator[BaseResolver, None, None]:
+        resolvers = self._unconstrained if not constrained else self._constrained
+
+        if not resolvers:
+            return
+
+        with self._lock:
+            self._concurrent += 1
+
+        try:
+            resolver_count = len(resolvers)
+            start_idx = (self._concurrent - 1) % resolver_count
+
+            for idx in range(start_idx, resolver_count):
+                if not resolvers[idx].is_available():
+                    with self._lock:
+                        resolvers[idx] = resolvers[idx].recycle()
+                yield resolvers[idx]
+
+            if start_idx > 0:
+                for idx in range(0, start_idx):
+                    if not resolvers[idx].is_available():
+                        with self._lock:
+                            resolvers[idx] = resolvers[idx].recycle()
+                    yield resolvers[idx]
+        finally:
+            with self._lock:
+                self._concurrent -= 1
+
+    def getaddrinfo(
+        self,
+        host: bytes | str | None,
+        port: str | int | None,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily,
+        type: socket.SocketKind,
+        proto: int = 0,
+        flags: int = 0,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[
+            socket.AddressFamily,
+            socket.SocketKind,
+            int,
+            str,
+            tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+        ]
+    ]:
+        if isinstance(host, bytes):
+            host = host.decode("ascii")
+        if host is None:
+            host = "localhost"
+
+        tested_resolvers = []
+
+        any_constrained_tried: bool = False
+
+        for resolver in self.__resolvers(True):
+            can_resolve = resolver.support(host)
+
+            if can_resolve is True:
+                any_constrained_tried = True
+
+                try:
+                    results = resolver.getaddrinfo(
+                        host,
+                        port,
+                        family,
+                        type,
+                        proto,
+                        flags,
+                        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr=quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr,
+                    )
+
+                    if results:
+                        return results
+                except socket.gaierror as exc:
+                    if isinstance(exc.args[0], str) and (
+                        "DNSSEC" in exc.args[0] or "DNSKEY" in exc.args[0]
+                    ):
+                        raise
+                    continue
+            elif can_resolve is False:
+                tested_resolvers.append(resolver)
+
+        if any_constrained_tried:
+            raise socket.gaierror(
+                f"Name or service not known: {host} using {self._size - len(self._unconstrained)} resolver(s)"
+            )
+
+        for resolver in self.__resolvers():
+            try:
+                results = resolver.getaddrinfo(
+                    host,
+                    port,
+                    family,
+                    type,
+                    proto,
+                    flags,
+                    quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr=quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr,
+                )
+
+                if results:
+                    return results
+            except socket.gaierror as exc:
+                if isinstance(exc.args[0], str) and (
+                    "DNSSEC" in exc.args[0] or "DNSKEY" in exc.args[0]
+                ):
+                    raise
+                continue
+
+        raise socket.gaierror(
+            f"Name or service not known: {host} using {self._size - len(self._constrained)} resolver(s)"
+        )
+
+
+class SupportedQueryType(int, Enum):
+    """
+    urllib3.future does not need anything else so far. let's be pragmatic.
+    Each type is associated with its hex value as per the RFC.
+    """
+
+    A = 0x0001
+    AAAA = 0x001C
+    HTTPS = 0x0041
+
+
+class DomainNameServerQuery:
+    """
+    Minimalist DNS query/message to ask for A, AAAA and HTTPS records.
+    Only meant for urllib3.future use. Does not cover all of possible extent of use.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, host: str, query_type: SupportedQueryType, override_id: int | None = None
+    ) -> None:
+        self._id = struct.pack(
+            "!H", randint(0x0000, 0xFFFF) if override_id is None else override_id
+        )
+        self._host = host
+        self._query = query_type
+        self._flags = struct.pack("!H", 0x0100)
+        self._qd_count = struct.pack("!H", 1)
+
+        self._cached: bytes | None = None
+
+    @property
+    def id(self) -> int:
+        return struct.unpack("!H", self._id)[0]  # type: ignore[no-any-return]
+
+    @property
+    def raw_id(self) -> bytes:
+        return self._id
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<Query '{self._host}' IN {self._query.name}>"
+
+    def __bytes__(self) -> bytes:
+        if self._cached:
+            return self._cached
+
+        payload = b""
+
+        payload += self._id
+        payload += self._flags
+        payload += self._qd_count
+        payload += b"\x00\x00"
+        payload += b"\x00\x00"
+        payload += b"\x00\x00"
+
+        for ext in self._host.split("."):
+            payload += struct.pack("!B", len(ext))
+            payload += ext.encode("ascii")
+
+        payload += b"\x00"
+        payload += struct.pack("!H", self._query.value)
+        payload += struct.pack("!H", 0x0001)
+
+        self._cached = payload
+
+        return payload
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def bulk(host: str, *types: SupportedQueryType) -> list[DomainNameServerQuery]:
+        queries = []
+
+        for query_type in types:
+            queries.append(DomainNameServerQuery(host, query_type=query_type))
+
+        return queries
+
+
+#: Most common status code, not exhaustive at all.
+COMMON_RCODE_LABEL: dict[int, str] = {
+    0: "No Error",
+    1: "Format Error",
+    2: "Server Failure",
+    3: "Non-Existent Domain",
+    5: "Query Refused",
+    9: "Not Authorized",
+}
+
+
+class DomainNameServerParseException(Exception): ...
+
+
+class DomainNameServerReturn:
+    """
+    Minimalist DNS response parser. Allow to quickly extract key-data out of it.
+    Meant for A, AAAA and HTTPS records. Basically only what we need.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, payload: bytes) -> None:
+        try:
+            up = struct.unpack("!HHHHHH", payload[:12])
+
+            self._id = up[0]
+            self._flags = up[1]
+            self._qd_count = up[2]
+            self._an_count = up[3]
+
+            self._rcode = int(f"0x{hex(payload[3])[-1]}", 16)
+
+            self._hostname: str = ""
+
+            idx = 12
+
+            while True:
+                c = payload[idx]
+
+                if c == 0:
+                    idx += 1
+                    break
+
+                self._hostname += payload[idx + 1 : idx + 1 + c].decode("ascii") + "."
+
+                idx += c + 1
+
+            self._records: list[tuple[SupportedQueryType, int, str | HttpsRecord]] = []
+
+            if self._an_count:
+                idx += 4
+
+                while idx < len(payload):
+                    up = struct.unpack("!HHHI", payload[idx : idx + 10])
+                    entry_size = struct.unpack("!H", payload[idx + 10 : idx + 12])[0]
+
+                    data = payload[idx + 12 : idx + 12 + entry_size]
+
+                    if len(data) == 4:
+                        decoded_data: str | HttpsRecord = inet4_ntoa(data)
+                    elif len(data) == 16:
+                        decoded_data = inet6_ntoa(data)
+                    elif data:
+                        decoded_data = parse_https_rdata(data)
+                    else:
+                        continue
+
+                    try:
+                        self._records.append(
+                            (SupportedQueryType(up[1]), up[-1], decoded_data)
+                        )
+                    except ValueError:
+                        pass
+
+                    idx += 12 + entry_size
+        except (struct.error, IndexError, ValueError, UnicodeDecodeError) as e:
+            raise DomainNameServerParseException(
+                "A protocol error occurred while parsing the DNS response payload: "
+                f"{str(e)}"
+            ) from e
+
+    @property
+    def id(self) -> int:
+        return self._id  # type: ignore[no-any-return]
+
+    @property
+    def hostname(self) -> str:
+        return self._hostname
+
+    @property
+    def records(self) -> list[tuple[SupportedQueryType, int, str | HttpsRecord]]:
+        return self._records
+
+    @property
+    def is_found(self) -> bool:
+        return bool(self._records)
+
+    @property
+    def rcode(self) -> int:
+        return self._rcode
+
+    @property
+    def is_ok(self) -> bool:
+        return self._rcode == 0
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        if self.is_ok:
+            return f"<Records '{self.hostname}' {self._records}>"
+        return f"<DNS Error '{self.hostname}' with Status {self.rcode} ({COMMON_RCODE_LABEL[self.rcode] if self.rcode in COMMON_RCODE_LABEL else 'Unknown'})>"

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/system/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ._socket import SystemResolver
+
+__all__ = ("SystemResolver",)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/system/_socket.py

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import socket
+import typing
+
+from ..protocols import BaseResolver, ProtocolResolver
+
+
+class SystemResolver(BaseResolver):
+    implementation = "socket"
+    protocol = ProtocolResolver.SYSTEM
+
+    def __init__(self, *patterns: str, **kwargs: typing.Any):
+        if "server" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("server")
+        if "port" in kwargs:
+            kwargs.pop("port")
+        super().__init__(None, None, *patterns, **kwargs)
+
+    def support(self, hostname: str | bytes | None) -> bool | None:
+        if hostname is None:
+            return True
+        if isinstance(hostname, bytes):
+            hostname = hostname.decode("ascii")
+        if hostname == "localhost":
+            return True
+        return super().support(hostname)
+
+    def recycle(self) -> BaseResolver:
+        return self
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        pass  # no-op!
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def getaddrinfo(
+        self,
+        host: bytes | str | None,
+        port: str | int | None,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily,
+        type: socket.SocketKind,
+        proto: int = 0,
+        flags: int = 0,
+        *,
+        quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[
+        tuple[
+            socket.AddressFamily,
+            socket.SocketKind,
+            int,
+            str,
+            tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int],
+        ]
+    ]:
+        # the | tuple[int, bytes] is silently ignored, can't happen with our cases.
+        return socket.getaddrinfo(  # type: ignore[return-value]
+            host=host,
+            port=port,
+            family=family,
+            type=type,
+            proto=proto,
+            flags=flags,
+        )

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/resolver/utils.py

@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import base64
+import binascii
+import socket
+import struct
+import typing
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+
+    class HttpsRecord(typing.TypedDict):
+        priority: int
+        target: str
+        alpn: list[str]
+        ipv4hint: list[str]
+        ipv6hint: list[str]
+        echconfig: list[str]
+
+
+def inet4_ntoa(address: bytes) -> str:
+    """
+    Convert an IPv4 address from bytes to str.
+    """
+    if len(address) != 4:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"IPv4 addresses are 4 bytes long, got {len(address)} byte(s) instead"
+        )
+
+    return "%u.%u.%u.%u" % (address[0], address[1], address[2], address[3])
+
+
+def inet6_ntoa(address: bytes) -> str:
+    """
+    Convert an IPv6 address from bytes to str.
+    """
+    if len(address) != 16:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"IPv6 addresses are 16 bytes long, got {len(address)} byte(s) instead"
+        )
+
+    hex = binascii.hexlify(address)
+    chunks = []
+
+    i = 0
+    length = len(hex)
+
+    while i < length:
+        chunk = hex[i : i + 4].decode().lstrip("0") or "0"
+        chunks.append(chunk)
+        i += 4
+
+    # Compress the longest subsequence of 0-value chunks to ::
+    best_start = 0
+    best_len = 0
+    start = -1
+    last_was_zero = False
+
+    for i in range(8):
+        if chunks[i] != "0":
+            if last_was_zero:
+                end = i
+                current_len = end - start
+                if current_len > best_len:
+                    best_start = start
+                    best_len = current_len
+                last_was_zero = False
+        elif not last_was_zero:
+            start = i
+            last_was_zero = True
+    if last_was_zero:
+        end = 8
+        current_len = end - start
+        if current_len > best_len:
+            best_start = start
+            best_len = current_len
+    if best_len > 1:
+        if best_start == 0 and (best_len == 6 or best_len == 5 and chunks[5] == "ffff"):
+            # We have an embedded IPv4 address
+            if best_len == 6:
+                prefix = "::"
+            else:
+                prefix = "::ffff:"
+            thex = prefix + inet4_ntoa(address[12:])
+        else:
+            thex = (
+                ":".join(chunks[:best_start])
+                + "::"
+                + ":".join(chunks[best_start + best_len :])
+            )
+    else:
+        thex = ":".join(chunks)
+
+    return thex
+
+
+def packet_fragment(payload: bytes, *identifiers: bytes) -> tuple[bytes, ...]:
+    results = []
+
+    offset = 0
+
+    start_packet_idx = []
+    lead_identifier = None
+
+    for identifier in identifiers:
+        idx = payload[:12].find(identifier)
+
+        if idx == -1:
+            continue
+
+        if idx != 0:
+            offset = idx
+
+        start_packet_idx.append(idx - offset)
+
+        lead_identifier = identifier
+        break
+
+    for identifier in identifiers:
+        if identifier == lead_identifier:
+            continue
+
+        if offset == 0:
+            idx = payload.find(b"\x02" + identifier)
+        else:
+            idx = payload.find(identifier)
+
+        if idx == -1:
+            continue
+
+        start_packet_idx.append(idx - offset)
+
+    if not start_packet_idx:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "no identifiable dns message emerged from given payload. "
+            "this should not happen at all. networking issue?"
+        )
+
+    if len(start_packet_idx) == 1:
+        return (payload,)
+
+    start_packet_idx = sorted(start_packet_idx)
+
+    previous_idx = None
+
+    for idx in start_packet_idx:
+        if previous_idx is None:
+            previous_idx = idx
+            continue
+        results.append(payload[previous_idx:idx])
+        previous_idx = idx
+
+    results.append(payload[previous_idx:])
+
+    return tuple(results)
+
+
+def is_ipv4(addr: str) -> bool:
+    try:
+        socket.inet_aton(addr)
+        return True
+    except OSError:
+        return False
+
+
+def is_ipv6(addr: str) -> bool:
+    try:
+        socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET6, addr)
+        return True
+    except OSError:
+        return False
+
+
+def validate_length_of(hostname: str) -> None:
+    """RFC 1035 impose a limit on a domain name length. We verify it there."""
+    if len(hostname.strip(".")) > 253:
+        raise UnicodeError("hostname to resolve exceed 253 characters")
+    elif any([len(_) > 63 for _ in hostname.split(".")]):
+        raise UnicodeError("at least one label to resolve exceed 63 characters")
+
+
+def rfc1035_should_read(payload: bytes) -> bool:
+    if not payload:
+        return False
+    if len(payload) <= 2:
+        return True
+
+    cursor = payload
+
+    while True:
+        expected_size: int = struct.unpack("!H", cursor[:2])[0]
+
+        if len(cursor[2:]) == expected_size:
+            return False
+        elif len(cursor[2:]) < expected_size:
+            return True
+
+        cursor = cursor[2 + expected_size :]
+
+
+def rfc1035_unpack(payload: bytes) -> tuple[bytes, ...]:
+    cursor = payload
+    packets = []
+
+    while cursor:
+        expected_size: int = struct.unpack("!H", cursor[:2])[0]
+
+        packets.append(cursor[2 : 2 + expected_size])
+        cursor = cursor[2 + expected_size :]
+
+    return tuple(packets)
+
+
+def rfc1035_pack(message: bytes) -> bytes:
+    return struct.pack("!H", len(message)) + message
+
+
+def read_name(data: bytes, offset: int) -> tuple[str, int]:
+    """
+    Read a DNS‐encoded name (with compression pointers) from data[offset:].
+    Returns (name, new_offset).
+    """
+    labels = []
+    while True:
+        length = data[offset]
+        # compression pointer?
+        if length & 0xC0 == 0xC0:
+            pointer = struct.unpack_from("!H", data, offset)[0] & 0x3FFF
+            subname, _ = read_name(data, pointer)
+            labels.append(subname)
+            offset += 2
+            break
+        if length == 0:
+            offset += 1
+            break
+        offset += 1
+        labels.append(data[offset : offset + length].decode())
+        offset += length
+    return ".".join(labels), offset
+
+
+def parse_echconfigs(buf: bytes) -> list[str]:
+    """
+    buf is the raw bytes of the ECHConfig vector:
+      - 2-byte total length, then for each:
+        - 2-byte cfg length + that many bytes of cfg
+    We return a list of Base64 strings (one per config).
+    """
+    if len(buf) < 2:
+        return []
+    off = 2
+    total = struct.unpack_from("!H", buf, 0)[0]
+    end = 2 + total
+    out = []
+    while off + 2 <= end:
+        cfg_len = struct.unpack_from("!H", buf, off)[0]
+        off += 2
+        cfg = buf[off : off + cfg_len]
+        off += cfg_len
+        out.append(base64.b64encode(cfg).decode())
+    return out
+
+
+def parse_https_rdata(rdata: bytes) -> HttpsRecord:
+    """
+    Parse the RDATA of an SVCB/HTTPS record.
+    Returns a dict with keys: priority, target, alpn, ipv4hint, ipv6hint, echconfig.
+    """
+    off = 0
+    priority = struct.unpack_from("!H", rdata, off)[0]
+    off += 2
+
+    target, off = read_name(rdata, off)
+
+    # pull out all the key/value params
+    params = {}
+    while off + 4 <= len(rdata):
+        key, length = struct.unpack_from("!HH", rdata, off)
+        off += 4
+        params[key] = rdata[off : off + length]
+        off += length
+
+    # decode ALPN (key=1), IPv4 (4), IPv6 (6), ECHConfig (5)
+    def parse_alpn(buf: bytes) -> list[str]:
+        out = []
+        i: int = 0
+        while i < len(buf):
+            ln = buf[i]
+            out.append(buf[i + 1 : i + 1 + ln].decode())
+            i += 1 + ln
+        return out
+
+    alpn: list[str] = parse_alpn(params.get(1, b""))
+    ipv4 = [
+        inet4_ntoa(params[4][i : i + 4]) for i in range(0, len(params.get(4, b"")), 4)
+    ]
+    ipv6 = [
+        inet6_ntoa(params[6][i : i + 16]) for i in range(0, len(params.get(6, b"")), 16)
+    ]
+    echconfs = parse_echconfigs(params.get(5, b""))
+
+    return {
+        "priority": priority,
+        "target": target or ".",  # empty name → root
+        "alpn": alpn,
+        "ipv4hint": ipv4,
+        "ipv6hint": ipv6,
+        "echconfig": echconfs,
+    }
+
+
+__all__ = (
+    "inet4_ntoa",
+    "inet6_ntoa",
+    "packet_fragment",
+    "is_ipv4",
+    "is_ipv6",
+    "validate_length_of",
+    "rfc1035_pack",
+    "rfc1035_unpack",
+    "rfc1035_should_read",
+    "parse_https_rdata",
+)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/socks.py

@@ -0,0 +1,453 @@
+"""
+This module contains provisional support for SOCKS proxies from within
+urllib3. This module supports SOCKS4, SOCKS4A (an extension of SOCKS4), and
+SOCKS5. To enable its functionality, either install python-socks or install this
+module with the ``socks`` extra.
+
+The SOCKS implementation supports the full range of urllib3 features. It also
+supports the following SOCKS features:
+
+- SOCKS4A (``proxy_url='socks4a://...``)
+- SOCKS4 (``proxy_url='socks4://...``)
+- SOCKS5 with remote DNS (``proxy_url='socks5h://...``)
+- SOCKS5 with local DNS (``proxy_url='socks5://...``)
+- Usernames and passwords for the SOCKS proxy
+
+.. note::
+   It is recommended to use ``socks5h://`` or ``socks4a://`` schemes in
+   your ``proxy_url`` to ensure that DNS resolution is done from the remote
+   server instead of client-side when connecting to a domain name.
+
+SOCKS4 supports IPv4 and domain names with the SOCKS4A extension. SOCKS5
+supports IPv4, IPv6, and domain names.
+
+When connecting to a SOCKS4 proxy the ``username`` portion of the ``proxy_url``
+will be sent as the ``userid`` section of the SOCKS request:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    proxy_url="socks4a://<userid>@proxy-host"
+
+When connecting to a SOCKS5 proxy the ``username`` and ``password`` portion
+of the ``proxy_url`` will be sent as the username/password to authenticate
+with the proxy:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    proxy_url="socks5h://<username>:<password>@proxy-host"
+
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import warnings
+
+#: We purposely want to support PySocks[...] due to our shadowing of the legacy "urllib3". "Dot not disturb" policy.
+BYPASS_SOCKS_LEGACY: bool = False
+
+try:
+    from python_socks import (
+        ProxyConnectionError,
+        ProxyError,
+        ProxyTimeoutError,
+        ProxyType,
+    )
+    from python_socks.sync import Proxy
+
+    from ._socks_override import AsyncioProxy
+except ImportError:
+    from ..exceptions import DependencyWarning
+
+    try:
+        import socks  # noqa
+    except ImportError:
+        warnings.warn(
+            (
+                "SOCKS support in urllib3.future requires the installation of an optional "
+                "dependency: python-socks. For more information, see "
+                "https://urllib3future.readthedocs.io/en/latest/contrib.html#socks-proxies"
+            ),
+            DependencyWarning,
+        )
+    else:
+        from ._socks_legacy import (
+            SOCKSConnection,
+            SOCKSHTTPConnectionPool,
+            SOCKSHTTPSConnection,
+            SOCKSHTTPSConnectionPool,
+            SOCKSProxyManager,
+        )
+
+        BYPASS_SOCKS_LEGACY = True
+
+    if not BYPASS_SOCKS_LEGACY:
+        raise
+
+if not BYPASS_SOCKS_LEGACY:
+    import typing
+    from socket import socket
+    from socket import timeout as SocketTimeout
+
+    # asynchronous part
+    from .._async.connection import AsyncHTTPConnection, AsyncHTTPSConnection
+    from .._async.connectionpool import (
+        AsyncHTTPConnectionPool,
+        AsyncHTTPSConnectionPool,
+    )
+    from .._async.poolmanager import AsyncPoolManager
+    from .._typing import _TYPE_SOCKS_OPTIONS
+    from ..backend import HttpVersion
+
+    # synchronous part
+    from ..connection import HTTPConnection, HTTPSConnection
+    from ..connectionpool import HTTPConnectionPool, HTTPSConnectionPool
+    from ..contrib.ssa import AsyncSocket
+    from ..exceptions import ConnectTimeoutError, NewConnectionError
+    from ..poolmanager import PoolManager
+    from ..util.url import parse_url
+
+    try:
+        import ssl
+    except ImportError:
+        ssl = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
+
+    class SOCKSConnection(HTTPConnection):  # type: ignore[no-redef]
+        """
+        A plain-text HTTP connection that connects via a SOCKS proxy.
+        """
+
+        def __init__(
+            self,
+            _socks_options: _TYPE_SOCKS_OPTIONS,
+            *args: typing.Any,
+            **kwargs: typing.Any,
+        ) -> None:
+            self._socks_options = _socks_options
+            super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        def _new_conn(self) -> socket:
+            """
+            Establish a new connection via the SOCKS proxy.
+            """
+            extra_kw: dict[str, typing.Any] = {}
+            if self.source_address:
+                extra_kw["source_address"] = self.source_address
+
+            if self.socket_options:
+                only_tcp_options = []
+
+                for opt in self.socket_options:
+                    if len(opt) == 3:
+                        only_tcp_options.append(opt)
+                    elif len(opt) == 4:
+                        protocol: str = opt[3].lower()
+                        if protocol == "udp":
+                            continue
+                        only_tcp_options.append(opt[:3])
+
+                extra_kw["socket_options"] = only_tcp_options
+
+            try:
+                assert self._socks_options["proxy_host"] is not None
+                assert self._socks_options["proxy_port"] is not None
+
+                p = Proxy(
+                    proxy_type=self._socks_options["socks_version"],  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                    host=self._socks_options["proxy_host"],
+                    port=int(self._socks_options["proxy_port"]),
+                    username=self._socks_options["username"],
+                    password=self._socks_options["password"],
+                    rdns=self._socks_options["rdns"],
+                )
+
+                _socket = self._resolver.create_connection(
+                    (
+                        self._socks_options["proxy_host"],
+                        int(self._socks_options["proxy_port"]),
+                    ),
+                    timeout=self.timeout,
+                    source_address=self.source_address,
+                    socket_options=extra_kw["socket_options"],
+                    quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr=False,
+                    timing_hook=lambda _: setattr(self, "_connect_timings", _),
+                )
+
+                # our dependency started to deprecate passing "_socket"
+                # which is ... vital for our integration. We'll start by silencing the warning.
+                # then we'll think on how to proceed.
+                #   A) the maintainer agrees to revert https://github.com/romis2012/python-socks/commit/173a7390469c06aa033f8dca67c827854b462bc3#diff-e4086fa970d1c98b1eb341e58cb70e9ceffe7391b2feecc4b66c7e92ea2de76fR64
+                #   B) the maintainer pursue the removal -> do we vendor our copy of python-socks? is there an alternative?
+                with warnings.catch_warnings():
+                    warnings.simplefilter("ignore", DeprecationWarning)
+                    return p.connect(
+                        self.host,
+                        self.port,
+                        self.timeout,
+                        _socket=_socket,
+                    )
+            except (SocketTimeout, ProxyTimeoutError) as e:
+                raise ConnectTimeoutError(
+                    self,
+                    f"Connection to {self.host} timed out. (connect timeout={self.timeout})",
+                ) from e
+
+            except (ProxyConnectionError, ProxyError) as e:
+                raise NewConnectionError(
+                    self, f"Failed to establish a new connection: {e}"
+                ) from e
+
+            except OSError as e:  # Defensive: PySocks should catch all these.
+                raise NewConnectionError(
+                    self, f"Failed to establish a new connection: {e}"
+                ) from e
+
+    # We don't need to duplicate the Verified/Unverified distinction from
+    # urllib3/connection.py here because the HTTPSConnection will already have been
+    # correctly set to either the Verified or Unverified form by that module. This
+    # means the SOCKSHTTPSConnection will automatically be the correct type.
+    class SOCKSHTTPSConnection(SOCKSConnection, HTTPSConnection):  # type: ignore[no-redef]
+        pass
+
+    class SOCKSHTTPConnectionPool(HTTPConnectionPool):  # type: ignore[no-redef]
+        ConnectionCls = SOCKSConnection
+
+    class SOCKSHTTPSConnectionPool(HTTPSConnectionPool):  # type: ignore[no-redef]
+        ConnectionCls = SOCKSHTTPSConnection
+
+    class SOCKSProxyManager(PoolManager):  # type: ignore[no-redef]
+        """
+        A version of the urllib3 ProxyManager that routes connections via the
+        defined SOCKS proxy.
+        """
+
+        pool_classes_by_scheme = {
+            "http": SOCKSHTTPConnectionPool,
+            "https": SOCKSHTTPSConnectionPool,
+        }
+
+        def __init__(
+            self,
+            proxy_url: str,
+            username: str | None = None,
+            password: str | None = None,
+            num_pools: int = 10,
+            headers: typing.Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
+            **connection_pool_kw: typing.Any,
+        ):
+            parsed = parse_url(proxy_url)
+
+            if username is None and password is None and parsed.auth is not None:
+                split = parsed.auth.split(":")
+                if len(split) == 2:
+                    username, password = split
+            if parsed.scheme == "socks5":
+                socks_version = ProxyType.SOCKS5
+                rdns = False
+            elif parsed.scheme == "socks5h":
+                socks_version = ProxyType.SOCKS5
+                rdns = True
+            elif parsed.scheme == "socks4":
+                socks_version = ProxyType.SOCKS4
+                rdns = False
+            elif parsed.scheme == "socks4a":
+                socks_version = ProxyType.SOCKS4
+                rdns = True
+            else:
+                raise ValueError(f"Unable to determine SOCKS version from {proxy_url}")
+
+            self.proxy_url = proxy_url
+
+            socks_options = {
+                "socks_version": socks_version,
+                "proxy_host": parsed.host,
+                "proxy_port": parsed.port,
+                "username": username,
+                "password": password,
+                "rdns": rdns,
+            }
+            connection_pool_kw["_socks_options"] = socks_options
+
+            if "disabled_svn" not in connection_pool_kw:
+                connection_pool_kw["disabled_svn"] = set()
+
+            connection_pool_kw["disabled_svn"].add(HttpVersion.h3)
+
+            super().__init__(num_pools, headers, **connection_pool_kw)
+
+            self.pool_classes_by_scheme = SOCKSProxyManager.pool_classes_by_scheme
+
+    class AsyncSOCKSConnection(AsyncHTTPConnection):
+        """
+        A plain-text HTTP connection that connects via a SOCKS proxy.
+        """
+
+        def __init__(
+            self,
+            _socks_options: _TYPE_SOCKS_OPTIONS,
+            *args: typing.Any,
+            **kwargs: typing.Any,
+        ) -> None:
+            self._socks_options = _socks_options
+            super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        async def _new_conn(self) -> AsyncSocket:  # type: ignore[override]
+            """
+            Establish a new connection via the SOCKS proxy.
+            """
+            extra_kw: dict[str, typing.Any] = {}
+            if self.source_address:
+                extra_kw["source_address"] = self.source_address
+
+            if self.socket_options:
+                only_tcp_options = []
+
+                for opt in self.socket_options:
+                    if len(opt) == 3:
+                        only_tcp_options.append(opt)
+                    elif len(opt) == 4:
+                        protocol: str = opt[3].lower()
+                        if protocol == "udp":
+                            continue
+                        only_tcp_options.append(opt[:3])
+
+                extra_kw["socket_options"] = only_tcp_options
+
+            try:
+                assert self._socks_options["proxy_host"] is not None
+                assert self._socks_options["proxy_port"] is not None
+
+                p = AsyncioProxy(
+                    proxy_type=self._socks_options["socks_version"],  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                    host=self._socks_options["proxy_host"],
+                    port=int(self._socks_options["proxy_port"]),
+                    username=self._socks_options["username"],
+                    password=self._socks_options["password"],
+                    rdns=self._socks_options["rdns"],
+                )
+
+                _socket = await self._resolver.create_connection(
+                    (
+                        self._socks_options["proxy_host"],
+                        int(self._socks_options["proxy_port"]),
+                    ),
+                    timeout=self.timeout,
+                    source_address=self.source_address,
+                    socket_options=extra_kw["socket_options"],
+                    quic_upgrade_via_dns_rr=False,
+                    timing_hook=lambda _: setattr(self, "_connect_timings", _),
+                )
+
+                return await p.connect(
+                    self.host,
+                    self.port,
+                    self.timeout,
+                    _socket,
+                )
+            except (SocketTimeout, ProxyTimeoutError) as e:
+                raise ConnectTimeoutError(
+                    self,
+                    f"Connection to {self.host} timed out. (connect timeout={self.timeout})",
+                ) from e
+
+            except (ProxyConnectionError, ProxyError) as e:
+                raise NewConnectionError(
+                    self, f"Failed to establish a new connection: {e}"
+                ) from e
+
+            except OSError as e:  # Defensive: PySocks should catch all these.
+                raise NewConnectionError(
+                    self, f"Failed to establish a new connection: {e}"
+                ) from e
+
+    # We don't need to duplicate the Verified/Unverified distinction from
+    # urllib3/connection.py here because the HTTPSConnection will already have been
+    # correctly set to either the Verified or Unverified form by that module. This
+    # means the SOCKSHTTPSConnection will automatically be the correct type.
+    class AsyncSOCKSHTTPSConnection(AsyncSOCKSConnection, AsyncHTTPSConnection):
+        pass
+
+    class AsyncSOCKSHTTPConnectionPool(AsyncHTTPConnectionPool):
+        ConnectionCls = AsyncSOCKSConnection
+
+    class AsyncSOCKSHTTPSConnectionPool(AsyncHTTPSConnectionPool):
+        ConnectionCls = AsyncSOCKSHTTPSConnection
+
+    class AsyncSOCKSProxyManager(AsyncPoolManager):
+        """
+        A version of the urllib3 ProxyManager that routes connections via the
+        defined SOCKS proxy.
+        """
+
+        pool_classes_by_scheme = {
+            "http": AsyncSOCKSHTTPConnectionPool,
+            "https": AsyncSOCKSHTTPSConnectionPool,
+        }
+
+        def __init__(
+            self,
+            proxy_url: str,
+            username: str | None = None,
+            password: str | None = None,
+            num_pools: int = 10,
+            headers: typing.Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
+            **connection_pool_kw: typing.Any,
+        ):
+            parsed = parse_url(proxy_url)
+
+            if username is None and password is None and parsed.auth is not None:
+                split = parsed.auth.split(":")
+                if len(split) == 2:
+                    username, password = split
+            if parsed.scheme == "socks5":
+                socks_version = ProxyType.SOCKS5
+                rdns = False
+            elif parsed.scheme == "socks5h":
+                socks_version = ProxyType.SOCKS5
+                rdns = True
+            elif parsed.scheme == "socks4":
+                socks_version = ProxyType.SOCKS4
+                rdns = False
+            elif parsed.scheme == "socks4a":
+                socks_version = ProxyType.SOCKS4
+                rdns = True
+            else:
+                raise ValueError(f"Unable to determine SOCKS version from {proxy_url}")
+
+            self.proxy_url = proxy_url
+
+            socks_options = {
+                "socks_version": socks_version,
+                "proxy_host": parsed.host,
+                "proxy_port": parsed.port,
+                "username": username,
+                "password": password,
+                "rdns": rdns,
+            }
+            connection_pool_kw["_socks_options"] = socks_options
+
+            if "disabled_svn" not in connection_pool_kw:
+                connection_pool_kw["disabled_svn"] = set()
+
+            connection_pool_kw["disabled_svn"].add(HttpVersion.h3)
+
+            super().__init__(num_pools, headers, **connection_pool_kw)
+
+            self.pool_classes_by_scheme = AsyncSOCKSProxyManager.pool_classes_by_scheme
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "SOCKSConnection",
+    "SOCKSProxyManager",
+    "SOCKSHTTPSConnection",
+    "SOCKSHTTPSConnectionPool",
+    "SOCKSHTTPConnectionPool",
+]
+
+if not BYPASS_SOCKS_LEGACY:
+    __all__ += [
+        "AsyncSOCKSConnection",
+        "AsyncSOCKSHTTPSConnection",
+        "AsyncSOCKSHTTPConnectionPool",
+        "AsyncSOCKSHTTPSConnectionPool",
+        "AsyncSOCKSProxyManager",
+    ]

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/ssa/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,520 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import platform
+import socket
+import typing
+import warnings
+
+from ._timeout import timeout
+from ._gro import open_dgram_connection, DatagramReader, DatagramWriter
+
+StandardTimeoutError = socket.timeout
+
+try:
+    from concurrent.futures import TimeoutError as FutureTimeoutError
+except ImportError:
+    FutureTimeoutError = TimeoutError  # type: ignore[misc]
+
+try:
+    AsyncioTimeoutError = asyncio.exceptions.TimeoutError
+except AttributeError:
+    AsyncioTimeoutError = TimeoutError  # type: ignore[misc]
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import ssl
+
+    from typing_extensions import Literal
+
+    from ..._typing import _TYPE_PEER_CERT_RET, _TYPE_PEER_CERT_RET_DICT
+
+
+def _can_shutdown_and_close_selector_loop_bug() -> bool:
+    import platform
+
+    if platform.system() == "Windows" and platform.python_version_tuple()[:2] == (
+        "3",
+        "7",
+    ):
+        return int(platform.python_version_tuple()[-1]) >= 17
+
+    return True
+
+
+# Windows + asyncio bug where doing our shutdown procedure induce a crash
+# in SelectorLoop
+# File "C:\hostedtoolcache\windows\Python\3.7.9\x64\lib\selectors.py", line 314, in _select
+#     r, w, x = select.select(r, w, w, timeout)
+# [WinError 10038] An operation was attempted on something that is not a socket
+_CPYTHON_SELECTOR_CLOSE_BUG_EXIST = _can_shutdown_and_close_selector_loop_bug() is False
+
+
+class AsyncSocket:
+    """
+    This class is brought to add a level of abstraction to an asyncio transport (reader, or writer)
+    We don't want to have two distinct code (async/sync) but rather a unified and easily verifiable
+    code base.
+
+    'ssa' stands for Simplified - Socket - Asynchronous.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        family: socket.AddressFamily = socket.AF_INET,
+        type: socket.SocketKind = socket.SOCK_STREAM,
+        proto: int = -1,
+        fileno: int | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.family: socket.AddressFamily = family
+        self.type: socket.SocketKind = type
+        self.proto: int = proto
+        self._fileno: int | None = fileno
+
+        self._connect_called: bool = False
+        self._established: asyncio.Event = asyncio.Event()
+
+        # we do that everytime to forward properly options / advanced settings
+        self._sock: socket.socket = socket.socket(
+            family=self.family, type=self.type, proto=self.proto, fileno=fileno
+        )
+        # set nonblocking / or cause the loop to block with dgram socket...
+        self._sock.settimeout(0)
+
+        self._writer: asyncio.StreamWriter | DatagramWriter | None = None
+        self._reader: asyncio.StreamReader | DatagramReader | None = None
+
+        self._writer_semaphore: asyncio.Semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore()
+        self._reader_semaphore: asyncio.Semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore()
+
+        self._addr: tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int] | None = None
+
+        self._external_timeout: float | int | None = None
+        self._tls_in_tls = False
+
+    def fileno(self) -> int:
+        return self._fileno if self._fileno is not None else self._sock.fileno()
+
+    async def wait_for_close(self) -> None:
+        if self._connect_called:
+            return
+
+        if self._writer is None:
+            return
+
+        try:
+            # report made in https://github.com/jawah/niquests/issues/184
+            # made us believe that sometime ssl_transport is freed before
+            # getting there. So we could end up there with a half broken
+            # writer state. The original user was using Windows at the time.
+            is_ssl = self._writer.get_extra_info("ssl_object") is not None
+        except AttributeError:
+            is_ssl = False
+
+        if is_ssl:
+            # Give the connection a chance to write any data in the buffer,
+            # and then forcibly tear down the SSL connection.
+            await asyncio.sleep(0)
+            self._writer.transport.abort()
+
+        try:
+            # wait_closed can hang indefinitely!
+            # on Python 3.8 and 3.9
+            # there's some case where Python want an explicit EOT
+            # (spoiler: it was a CPython bug) fixed in recent interpreters.
+            # to circumvent this and still have a proper close
+            # we enforce a maximum delay (1000ms).
+            async with timeout(1):
+                await self._writer.wait_closed()
+        except TimeoutError:
+            pass
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if self._writer is not None:
+            self._writer.close()
+
+        edge_case_close_bug_exist = _CPYTHON_SELECTOR_CLOSE_BUG_EXIST
+
+        # Windows + asyncio + asyncio.SelectorEventLoop limits us on how far
+        # we can safely shutdown the socket.
+        if not edge_case_close_bug_exist and platform.system() == "Windows":
+            if hasattr(asyncio, "SelectorEventLoop") and isinstance(
+                asyncio.get_running_loop(), asyncio.SelectorEventLoop
+            ):
+                edge_case_close_bug_exist = True
+
+        try:
+            # see https://github.com/MagicStack/uvloop/issues/241
+            # and https://github.com/jawah/niquests/issues/166
+            # probably not just uvloop.
+            uvloop_edge_case_bug = False
+
+            # keep track of our clean exit procedure
+            shutdown_called = False
+            close_called = False
+
+            if hasattr(self._sock, "shutdown"):
+                try:
+                    self._sock.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RD)
+                    shutdown_called = True
+                except TypeError:
+                    uvloop_edge_case_bug = True
+                    # uvloop don't support shutdown! and sometime does not support close()...
+                    # see https://github.com/jawah/niquests/issues/166 for ctx.
+                    try:
+                        self._sock.close()
+                        close_called = True
+                    except TypeError:
+                        # last chance of releasing properly the underlying fd!
+                        try:
+                            direct_sock = socket.socket(fileno=self._sock.fileno())
+                        except (OSError, ValueError):
+                            pass
+                        else:
+                            try:
+                                direct_sock.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RD)
+                                shutdown_called = True
+                            except OSError:
+                                warnings.warn(
+                                    (
+                                        "urllib3-future is unable to properly close your async socket. "
+                                        "This mean that you are probably using an asyncio implementation like uvloop "
+                                        "that does not support shutdown() or/and close() on the socket transport. "
+                                        "This will lead to unclosed socket (fd)."
+                                    ),
+                                    ResourceWarning,
+                                )
+                            finally:
+                                direct_sock.detach()
+            # we have to force call close() on our sock object (even after shutdown).
+            # or we'll get a resource warning for sure!
+            if isinstance(self._sock, socket.socket) and hasattr(self._sock, "close"):
+                if not uvloop_edge_case_bug and not edge_case_close_bug_exist:
+                    try:
+                        self._sock.close()
+                        close_called = True
+                    except (OSError, TypeError):
+                        pass
+
+            if not close_called or not shutdown_called:
+                # this branch detect whether we have an asyncio.TransportSocket instead of socket.socket.
+                if hasattr(self._sock, "_sock") and not edge_case_close_bug_exist:
+                    try:
+                        self._sock._sock.close()
+                    except (AttributeError, OSError, TypeError):
+                        pass
+
+        except (
+            OSError
+        ):  # branch where we failed to connect and still try to release resource
+            if isinstance(self._sock, socket.socket):
+                try:
+                    self._sock.close()  # don't call close on asyncio.TransportSocket
+                except (OSError, TypeError, AttributeError):
+                    pass
+            elif hasattr(self._sock, "_sock") and not edge_case_close_bug_exist:
+                try:
+                    self._sock._sock.detach()
+                except (AttributeError, OSError, TypeError):
+                    pass
+
+        self._connect_called = False
+        self._established.clear()
+
+    async def wait_for_readiness(self) -> None:
+        await self._established.wait()
+
+    def setsockopt(self, __level: int, __optname: int, __value: int | bytes) -> None:
+        self._sock.setsockopt(__level, __optname, __value)
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def getsockopt(self, __level: int, __optname: int) -> int: ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def getsockopt(self, __level: int, __optname: int, buflen: int) -> bytes: ...
+
+    def getsockopt(
+        self, __level: int, __optname: int, buflen: int | None = None
+    ) -> int | bytes:
+        if buflen is None:
+            return self._sock.getsockopt(__level, __optname)
+        return self._sock.getsockopt(__level, __optname, buflen)
+
+    def should_connect(self) -> bool:
+        return self._connect_called is False
+
+    async def connect(self, addr: tuple[str, int] | tuple[str, int, int, int]) -> None:
+        if self._connect_called:
+            raise OSError(
+                "attempted to connect twice on a already established connection"
+            )
+
+        self._connect_called = True
+
+        # there's a particularity on Windows
+        # we must not forward non-IP in addr due to
+        # a limitation in the network bridge used in asyncio
+        if platform.system() == "Windows":
+            from ..resolver.utils import is_ipv4, is_ipv6
+
+            host, port = addr[:2]
+
+            if not is_ipv4(host) and not is_ipv6(host):
+                res = await asyncio.get_running_loop().getaddrinfo(
+                    host,
+                    port,
+                    family=self.family,
+                    type=self.type,
+                )
+
+                if not res:
+                    raise socket.gaierror(f"unable to resolve hostname {host}")
+
+                addr = res[0][-1]
+
+        if self._external_timeout is not None:
+            try:
+                async with timeout(self._external_timeout):
+                    await asyncio.get_running_loop().sock_connect(self._sock, addr)
+            except (FutureTimeoutError, AsyncioTimeoutError, TimeoutError) as e:
+                self._connect_called = False
+                raise StandardTimeoutError from e
+            except RuntimeError:
+                raise ConnectionError(
+                    "Likely FD Kernel/Loop Racing Allocation Error. You should retry."
+                )
+        else:
+            try:
+                await asyncio.get_running_loop().sock_connect(self._sock, addr)
+            except RuntimeError:  # Defensive: CPython might raise RuntimeError if there is a FD allocation error.
+                raise ConnectionError(
+                    "Likely FD Kernel/Loop Racing Allocation Error. You should retry."
+                )
+
+        if self.type == socket.SOCK_STREAM or self.type == -1:  # type: ignore[comparison-overlap]
+            self._reader, self._writer = await asyncio.open_connection(sock=self._sock)
+        elif self.type == socket.SOCK_DGRAM:
+            self._reader, self._writer = await open_dgram_connection(sock=self._sock)
+
+        # can become an asyncio.TransportSocket
+        assert self._writer is not None
+        self._sock = self._writer.get_extra_info("socket", self._sock)
+
+        self._addr = addr
+        self._established.set()
+
+    async def wrap_socket(
+        self,
+        ctx: ssl.SSLContext,
+        *,
+        server_hostname: str | None = None,
+        ssl_handshake_timeout: float | None = None,
+    ) -> SSLAsyncSocket:
+        await self._established.wait()
+        self._established.clear()
+
+        # only if Python <= 3.10
+        try:
+            setattr(
+                asyncio.sslproto._SSLProtocolTransport,  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                "_start_tls_compatible",
+                True,
+            )
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+
+        if self.type == socket.SOCK_STREAM:
+            assert self._writer is not None
+            assert isinstance(self._writer, asyncio.StreamWriter)
+
+            # bellow is hard to maintain. Starting with 3.11+, it is useless.
+            protocol = self._writer._protocol  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+            await self._writer.drain()
+
+            new_transport = await self._writer._loop.start_tls(  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                self._writer._transport,  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                protocol,
+                ctx,
+                server_side=False,
+                server_hostname=server_hostname,
+                ssl_handshake_timeout=ssl_handshake_timeout,
+            )
+
+            self._writer._transport = new_transport  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+
+            transport = self._writer.transport
+            protocol._stream_writer = self._writer
+            protocol._transport = transport
+            protocol._over_ssl = transport.get_extra_info("sslcontext") is not None
+
+            self._tls_ctx = ctx
+        else:
+            raise RuntimeError("Unsupported socket type")
+
+        self._established.set()
+        self.__class__ = SSLAsyncSocket
+
+        return self  # type: ignore[return-value]
+
+    async def recv(self, size: int = -1) -> bytes | list[bytes]:
+        """Receive data from the socket.
+
+        Returns ``bytes`` for a single datagram (or stream chunk), or
+        ``list[bytes]`` when GRO / batch-receive delivered multiple
+        coalesced datagrams in one syscall.  The caller can then feed
+        all segments to the QUIC state-machine in a tight loop before
+        probing, avoiding per-datagram overhead."""
+        if size == -1:
+            size = 65536
+        assert self._reader is not None
+        await self._established.wait()
+        await self._reader_semaphore.acquire()
+
+        try:
+            if self._external_timeout is not None:
+                try:
+                    async with timeout(self._external_timeout):
+                        return await self._reader.read(n=size)
+                except (FutureTimeoutError, AsyncioTimeoutError, TimeoutError) as e:
+                    self._reader_semaphore.release()
+                    raise StandardTimeoutError from e
+                except OSError as e:  # Defensive: treat any OSError as ConnReset!
+                    raise ConnectionResetError() from e
+            return await self._reader.read(n=size)
+        finally:
+            self._reader_semaphore.release()
+
+    async def read_exact(self, size: int = -1) -> bytes | list[bytes]:
+        """Just an alias for recv(), it is needed due to our custom AsyncSocks override."""
+        return await self.recv(size=size)
+
+    async def read(self) -> bytes | list[bytes]:
+        """Just an alias for recv(), it is needed due to our custom AsyncSocks override."""
+        return await self.recv()
+
+    async def sendall(self, data: bytes | bytearray | memoryview | list[bytes]) -> None:
+        assert self._writer is not None
+        await self._established.wait()
+        await self._writer_semaphore.acquire()
+        try:
+            self._writer.write(data)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+            await self._writer.drain()
+        except Exception:
+            raise
+        finally:
+            self._writer_semaphore.release()
+
+    async def write_all(
+        self, data: bytes | bytearray | memoryview | list[bytes]
+    ) -> None:
+        """Just an alias for sendall(), it is needed due to our custom AsyncSocks override."""
+        await self.sendall(data)
+
+    async def send(self, data: bytes | bytearray | memoryview | list[bytes]) -> None:
+        await self.sendall(data)
+
+    def settimeout(self, __value: float | None = None) -> None:
+        self._external_timeout = __value
+
+    def gettimeout(self) -> float | None:
+        return self._external_timeout
+
+    def getpeername(self) -> tuple[str, int]:
+        return self._sock.getpeername()  # type: ignore[no-any-return]
+
+    def bind(self, addr: tuple[str, int]) -> None:
+        self._sock.bind(addr)
+
+
+class SSLAsyncSocket(AsyncSocket):
+    _tls_ctx: ssl.SSLContext
+    _tls_in_tls: bool
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def getpeercert(
+        self, binary_form: Literal[False] = ...
+    ) -> _TYPE_PEER_CERT_RET_DICT | None: ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def getpeercert(self, binary_form: Literal[True]) -> bytes | None: ...
+
+    def getpeercert(self, binary_form: bool = False) -> _TYPE_PEER_CERT_RET:
+        return self.sslobj.getpeercert(binary_form=binary_form)  # type: ignore[return-value]
+
+    def selected_alpn_protocol(self) -> str | None:
+        return self.sslobj.selected_alpn_protocol()
+
+    @property
+    def sslobj(self) -> ssl.SSLSocket | ssl.SSLObject:
+        if self._writer is not None:
+            sslobj: ssl.SSLSocket | ssl.SSLObject | None = self._writer.get_extra_info(
+                "ssl_object"
+            )
+
+            if sslobj is not None:
+                return sslobj
+
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            '"ssl_object" could not be extracted from this SslAsyncSock instance'
+        )
+
+    def version(self) -> str | None:
+        return self.sslobj.version()
+
+    @property
+    def context(self) -> ssl.SSLContext:
+        return self.sslobj.context
+
+    @property
+    def _sslobj(self) -> ssl.SSLSocket | ssl.SSLObject:
+        return self.sslobj
+
+    def cipher(self) -> tuple[str, str, int] | None:
+        return self.sslobj.cipher()
+
+    async def wrap_socket(
+        self,
+        ctx: ssl.SSLContext,
+        *,
+        server_hostname: str | None = None,
+        ssl_handshake_timeout: float | None = None,
+    ) -> SSLAsyncSocket:
+        self._tls_in_tls = True
+
+        return await super().wrap_socket(
+            ctx,
+            server_hostname=server_hostname,
+            ssl_handshake_timeout=ssl_handshake_timeout,
+        )
+
+
+def _has_complete_support_dgram() -> bool:
+    """A bug exist in PyPy asyncio implementation that prevent us to use a DGRAM socket.
+    This piece of code inform us, potentially, if PyPy has fixed the winapi implementation.
+    See https://github.com/pypy/pypy/issues/4008 and https://github.com/jawah/niquests/pull/87
+
+    The stacktrace look as follows:
+    File "C:\\hostedtoolcache\\windows\\PyPy\3.10.13\x86\\Lib\asyncio\\windows_events.py", line 594, in connect
+    _overlapped.WSAConnect(conn.fileno(), address)
+        AttributeError: module '_overlapped' has no attribute 'WSAConnect'
+    """
+    import platform
+
+    if platform.system() == "Windows" and platform.python_implementation() == "PyPy":
+        try:
+            import _overlapped  # type: ignore[import-not-found]
+        except ImportError:  # Defensive:
+            return False
+
+        if hasattr(_overlapped, "WSAConnect"):
+            return True
+
+        return False
+
+    return True
+
+
+__all__ = (
+    "AsyncSocket",
+    "SSLAsyncSocket",
+    "_has_complete_support_dgram",
+)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/ssa/_gro.py

@@ -0,0 +1,640 @@
+"""
+High-performance asyncio DatagramTransport with Linux-specific UDP
+receive/send coalescing:
+
+  - GRO (receive): ``setsockopt(SOL_UDP, UDP_GRO)`` + ``recvmsg`` cmsg
+  - GSO (send):    ``sendmsg`` with ``UDP_SEGMENT`` cmsg
+
+All other platforms fall back to the standard asyncio DatagramTransport.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import collections
+import socket
+import struct
+from collections import deque
+from typing import Any, Callable
+
+from ..._constant import UDP_LINUX_GRO, UDP_LINUX_SEGMENT
+
+_UINT16 = struct.Struct("=H")
+
+_DEFAULT_GRO_BUF = 65535
+
+# Flow control watermarks for the custom write queue
+_HIGH_WATERMARK = 64 * 1024
+_LOW_WATERMARK = 16 * 1024
+
+# GSO kernel limit: max segments per sendmsg call
+_GSO_MAX_SEGMENTS = 64
+
+
+def _sock_has_gro(sock: socket.socket) -> bool:
+    """Check if GRO is enabled on *sock* (caller must have set it)."""
+    try:
+        return sock.getsockopt(socket.SOL_UDP, UDP_LINUX_GRO) == 1
+    except OSError:
+        return False
+
+
+def _sock_has_gso(sock: socket.socket) -> bool:
+    """Check if the kernel supports GSO on *sock*."""
+    try:
+        sock.getsockopt(socket.SOL_UDP, UDP_LINUX_SEGMENT)
+        return True
+    except OSError:
+        return False
+
+
+def _split_gro_buffer(buf: bytes, segment_size: int) -> list[bytes]:
+    if segment_size <= 0 or len(buf) <= segment_size:
+        return [buf]
+    segments = []
+    mv = memoryview(buf)
+    for offset in range(0, len(buf), segment_size):
+        segments.append(bytes(mv[offset : offset + segment_size]))
+    return segments
+
+
+def _group_by_segment_size(datagrams: list[bytes]) -> list[tuple[int, list[bytes]]]:
+    """Group consecutive same-size datagrams for Linux UDP GSO.
+
+    GSO requires all segments to be the same size (except the last,
+    which may be shorter).  Max 64 segments per ``sendmsg`` call."""
+    if not datagrams:
+        return []
+    groups: list[tuple[int, list[bytes]]] = []
+    current_size = len(datagrams[0])
+    current_group: list[bytes] = [datagrams[0]]
+    for dgram in datagrams[1:]:
+        if len(dgram) == current_size and len(current_group) < _GSO_MAX_SEGMENTS:
+            current_group.append(dgram)
+        else:
+            groups.append((current_size, current_group))
+            current_size = len(dgram)
+            current_group = [dgram]
+    groups.append((current_size, current_group))
+    return groups
+
+
+def sync_recv_gro(
+    sock: socket.socket, bufsize: int, gro_segment_size: int = 1280
+) -> bytes | list[bytes]:
+    """Blocking recvmsg with GRO cmsg parsing. Returns bytes or list[bytes]."""
+    ancbufsize = socket.CMSG_SPACE(_UINT16.size)
+
+    data, ancdata, _flags, addr = sock.recvmsg(bufsize, ancbufsize)
+
+    if not data:
+        return b""
+
+    segment_size = gro_segment_size
+
+    for cmsg_level, cmsg_type, cmsg_data in ancdata:
+        if cmsg_level == socket.SOL_UDP and cmsg_type == UDP_LINUX_GRO:
+            (segment_size,) = _UINT16.unpack(cmsg_data[:2])
+            break
+
+    if len(data) <= segment_size:
+        return data
+
+    return _split_gro_buffer(data, segment_size)
+
+
+def sync_sendmsg_gso(sock: socket.socket, datagrams: list[bytes]) -> None:
+    """Batch-send datagrams using GSO. Falls back to individual sends."""
+    for segment_size, group in _group_by_segment_size(datagrams):
+        if len(group) == 1:
+            sock.sendall(group[0])
+            continue
+        buf = b"".join(group)
+        sock.sendmsg(
+            [buf],
+            [(socket.SOL_UDP, UDP_LINUX_SEGMENT, _UINT16.pack(segment_size))],
+        )
+
+
+class _OptimizedDatagramTransport(asyncio.DatagramTransport):
+    __slots__ = (
+        "_loop",
+        "_sock",
+        "_protocol",
+        "_address",
+        "_gro_enabled",
+        "_gso_enabled",
+        "_gro_segment_size",
+        "_recv_buf_size",
+        "_closing",
+        "_closed_fut",
+        "_extra",
+        "_paused",
+        "_write_ready",
+        "_send_queue",
+        "_buffer_size",
+        "_protocol_paused",
+    )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop,
+        sock: socket.socket,
+        protocol: asyncio.DatagramProtocol,
+        address: tuple[str, int] | None,
+        gro_enabled: bool,
+        gso_enabled: bool,
+        gro_segment_size: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self._loop = loop
+        self._sock = sock
+        self._protocol = protocol
+        self._address = address
+        self._gro_enabled = gro_enabled
+        self._gso_enabled = gso_enabled
+        self._gro_segment_size = gro_segment_size
+        self._closing = False
+        self._closed_fut: asyncio.Future[None] = loop.create_future()
+        self._paused = False
+        self._write_ready = True
+
+        # Write buffer state
+        self._send_queue: deque[tuple[bytes, tuple[str, int] | None]] = (
+            collections.deque()
+        )
+        self._buffer_size = 0
+        self._protocol_paused = False
+
+        self._recv_buf_size = _DEFAULT_GRO_BUF if gro_enabled else gro_segment_size
+
+        self._extra = {
+            "peername": address,
+            "socket": sock,
+            "sockname": sock.getsockname(),
+        }
+
+    def get_extra_info(self, name: str, default: Any = None) -> Any:
+        return self._extra.get(name, default)
+
+    def is_closing(self) -> bool:
+        return self._closing
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if self._closing:
+            return
+        self._closing = True
+        self._loop.remove_reader(self._sock.fileno())
+        # Drain the write queue gracefully in the background
+        if not self._send_queue:
+            self._loop.call_soon(self._call_connection_lost, None)
+
+    def abort(self) -> None:
+        self._closing = True
+        self._call_connection_lost(None)
+
+    def _call_connection_lost(self, exc: Exception | None) -> None:
+        try:
+            self._loop.remove_reader(self._sock.fileno())
+            self._loop.remove_writer(self._sock.fileno())
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        try:
+            self._protocol.connection_lost(exc)
+        finally:
+            self._sock.close()
+            if not self._closed_fut.done():
+                self._closed_fut.set_result(None)
+
+    def sendto(self, data: bytes, addr: tuple[str, int] | None = None) -> None:  # type: ignore[override]
+        if self._closing:
+            raise OSError("Transport is closing")
+
+        target = addr or self._address
+        if not self._write_ready:
+            self._queue_write(data, target)
+            return
+
+        try:
+            if target is not None:
+                self._sock.sendto(data, target)
+            else:
+                self._sock.send(data)
+        except BlockingIOError:
+            self._write_ready = False
+            self._loop.add_writer(self._sock.fileno(), self._on_write_ready)
+            self._queue_write(data, target)
+        except OSError as exc:
+            self._protocol.error_received(exc)
+
+    def sendto_many(self, datagrams: list[bytes]) -> None:
+        """Send multiple datagrams, using GSO when available.
+
+        Falls back to individual ``sendto`` calls when GSO is not
+        supported or the socket write buffer is full."""
+        if self._closing:
+            raise OSError("Transport is closing")
+
+        if not self._write_ready:
+            target = self._address
+            for dgram in datagrams:
+                self._queue_write(dgram, target)
+            return
+
+        if self._gso_enabled:
+            self._send_linux_gso(datagrams)
+        else:
+            for dgram in datagrams:
+                self.sendto(dgram)
+
+    def _send_linux_gso(self, datagrams: list[bytes]) -> None:
+        for segment_size, group in _group_by_segment_size(datagrams):
+            if len(group) == 1:
+                # Single datagram — plain send (GSO needs >1 segment)
+                try:
+                    self._sock.send(group[0])
+                except BlockingIOError:
+                    self._write_ready = False
+                    self._loop.add_writer(self._sock.fileno(), self._on_write_ready)
+                    self._queue_write(group[0], self._address)
+                    return
+                except OSError as exc:
+                    self._protocol.error_received(exc)
+                continue
+
+            buf = b"".join(group)
+            try:
+                self._sock.sendmsg(
+                    [buf],
+                    [(socket.SOL_UDP, UDP_LINUX_SEGMENT, _UINT16.pack(segment_size))],
+                )
+            except BlockingIOError:
+                self._write_ready = False
+                self._loop.add_writer(self._sock.fileno(), self._on_write_ready)
+                # Queue individual datagrams as fallback
+                for dgram in group:
+                    self._queue_write(dgram, self._address)
+                return
+            except OSError as exc:
+                self._protocol.error_received(exc)
+
+    def _queue_write(self, data: bytes, addr: tuple[str, int] | None) -> None:
+        self._send_queue.append((data, addr))
+        self._buffer_size += len(data)
+        self._maybe_pause_protocol()
+
+    def _maybe_pause_protocol(self) -> None:
+        if self._buffer_size >= _HIGH_WATERMARK and not self._protocol_paused:
+            self._protocol_paused = True
+            try:
+                self._protocol.pause_writing()
+            except AttributeError:
+                pass
+
+    def _maybe_resume_protocol(self) -> None:
+        if self._protocol_paused and self._buffer_size <= _LOW_WATERMARK:
+            self._protocol_paused = False
+            try:
+                self._protocol.resume_writing()
+            except AttributeError:
+                pass
+
+    def _on_write_ready(self) -> None:
+        while self._send_queue:
+            data, addr = self._send_queue[0]
+            try:
+                if addr is not None:
+                    self._sock.sendto(data, addr)
+                else:
+                    self._sock.send(data)
+            except BlockingIOError:
+                return
+            except OSError as exc:
+                self._protocol.error_received(exc)
+
+            self._send_queue.popleft()
+            self._buffer_size -= len(data)
+
+        self._maybe_resume_protocol()
+        self._write_ready = True
+        self._loop.remove_writer(self._sock.fileno())
+
+        if self._closing:
+            self._call_connection_lost(None)
+
+    def pause_reading(self) -> None:
+        if not self._paused:
+            self._paused = True
+            self._loop.remove_reader(self._sock.fileno())
+
+    def resume_reading(self) -> None:
+        if self._paused:
+            self._paused = False
+            self._loop.add_reader(self._sock.fileno(), self._on_readable)
+
+    def _start(self) -> None:
+        self._loop.call_soon(self._protocol.connection_made, self)
+        self._loop.add_reader(self._sock.fileno(), self._on_readable)
+
+    def _on_readable(self) -> None:
+        if self._closing:
+            return
+        self._recv_linux_gro()
+
+    def _recv_linux_gro(self) -> None:
+        ancbufsize = socket.CMSG_SPACE(_UINT16.size)
+        while True:
+            try:
+                data, ancdata, _flags, addr = self._sock.recvmsg(
+                    self._recv_buf_size, ancbufsize
+                )
+            except BlockingIOError:
+                return
+            except OSError as exc:
+                self._protocol.error_received(exc)
+                return
+
+            if not data:
+                return
+
+            segment_size = self._gro_segment_size
+            for cmsg_level, cmsg_type, cmsg_data in ancdata:
+                if cmsg_level == socket.SOL_UDP and cmsg_type == UDP_LINUX_GRO:
+                    (segment_size,) = _UINT16.unpack(cmsg_data[:2])
+                    break
+
+            if len(data) <= segment_size:
+                self._protocol.datagram_received(data, addr)
+            else:
+                segments = _split_gro_buffer(data, segment_size)
+                self._protocol.datagrams_received(segments, addr)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+
+
+async def create_udp_endpoint(
+    loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop,
+    protocol_factory: Callable[[], asyncio.DatagramProtocol],
+    *,
+    local_addr: tuple[str, int] | None = None,
+    remote_addr: tuple[str, int] | None = None,
+    family: int = socket.AF_UNSPEC,
+    reuse_port: bool = False,
+    gro_segment_size: int = 1280,
+    sock: socket.socket | None = None,
+) -> tuple[asyncio.DatagramTransport, asyncio.DatagramProtocol]:
+    if sock is not None:
+        # Caller provided a pre-connected socket — skip creation/bind/connect.
+        try:
+            connected_addr = sock.getpeername()
+        except OSError:
+            connected_addr = None
+    else:
+        # 1. Resolve Addresses
+        if family == socket.AF_UNSPEC:
+            target_addr = local_addr or remote_addr
+            if target_addr:
+                infos = await loop.getaddrinfo(
+                    target_addr[0], target_addr[1], type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM
+                )
+                family = infos[0][0]
+            else:
+                family = socket.AF_INET
+
+        # 2. Create Socket
+        sock = socket.socket(family, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
+        sock.setblocking(False)
+
+        if reuse_port:
+            sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEPORT, 1)
+        if local_addr:
+            sock.bind(local_addr)
+
+        connected_addr = None
+
+        if remote_addr:
+            await loop.sock_connect(sock, remote_addr)
+            connected_addr = remote_addr
+
+    # 3. Determine capabilities — the caller is responsible for
+    #    enabling GRO via setsockopt before handing us the socket.
+    gro_enabled = _sock_has_gro(sock)
+    gso_enabled = _sock_has_gso(sock)
+
+    if not gro_enabled and not gso_enabled:
+        return await loop.create_datagram_endpoint(
+            lambda: protocol_factory(), sock=sock
+        )
+
+    # 4. Wire up optimized transport
+    protocol = protocol_factory()
+
+    transport = _OptimizedDatagramTransport(
+        loop=loop,
+        sock=sock,
+        protocol=protocol,
+        address=connected_addr,
+        gro_enabled=gro_enabled,
+        gso_enabled=gso_enabled,
+        gro_segment_size=gro_segment_size,
+    )
+
+    transport._start()
+
+    return transport, protocol
+
+
+class DatagramReader:
+    """API-compatible with ``asyncio.StreamReader`` (duck-typed) so that
+    ``AsyncSocket`` can assign an instance to ``self._reader`` and the
+    existing ``recv()`` code works unchanged.
+
+    When GRO delivers multiple coalesced segments in a single syscall,
+    ``feed_datagrams()`` stores them as a single ``list[bytes]`` entry.
+    ``read()`` then returns that list directly so the caller can feed
+    all segments to the QUIC state-machine in one pass before probing —
+    avoiding the per-datagram recv→feed→probe round-trip overhead."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._buffer: deque[bytes | list[bytes]] = collections.deque()
+        self._waiter: asyncio.Future[None] | None = None
+        self._exception: BaseException | None = None
+        self._eof = False
+
+    def feed_datagram(self, data: bytes, addr: Any) -> None:
+        """Feed a single (non-coalesced) datagram."""
+        self._buffer.append(data)
+        self._wake_waiter()
+
+    def feed_datagrams(self, data: list[bytes], addr: Any) -> None:
+        """Feed a batch of coalesced datagrams as a single entry."""
+        self._buffer.append(data)
+        self._wake_waiter()
+
+    def set_exception(self, exc: BaseException) -> None:
+        self._exception = exc
+        self._wake_waiter()
+
+    def connection_lost(self, exc: BaseException | None) -> None:
+        self._eof = True
+        if exc is not None:
+            self._exception = exc
+        self._wake_waiter()
+
+    def _wake_waiter(self) -> None:
+        waiter = self._waiter
+        if waiter is not None and not waiter.done():
+            waiter.set_result(None)
+
+    async def read(self, n: int = -1) -> bytes | list[bytes]:
+        """Return the next entry from the buffer.
+
+        * ``bytes``        — a single datagram (non-coalesced).
+        * ``list[bytes]``  — a batch of coalesced datagrams from one
+          GRO syscall.
+        * ``b""``          — EOF.
+        """
+        if self._buffer:
+            return self._buffer.popleft()
+
+        if self._exception is not None:
+            raise self._exception
+
+        if self._eof:
+            return b""
+
+        self._waiter = asyncio.get_running_loop().create_future()
+        try:
+            await self._waiter
+        finally:
+            self._waiter = None
+
+        if self._buffer:
+            return self._buffer.popleft()
+
+        if self._exception is not None:
+            raise self._exception
+
+        return b""
+
+
+class DatagramWriter:
+    """API-compatible with ``asyncio.StreamWriter`` (duck-typed) so that
+    ``AsyncSocket`` can assign an instance to ``self._writer`` and the
+    existing ``sendall()``, ``close()``, ``wait_for_close()`` code works
+    unchanged."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        transport: asyncio.DatagramTransport,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._transport = transport
+        self._address: tuple[str, int] | None = transport.get_extra_info("peername")
+        self._closed_event = asyncio.Event()
+        self._paused = False
+        self._drain_waiter: asyncio.Future[None] | None = None
+
+    @property
+    def transport(self) -> asyncio.DatagramTransport:
+        return self._transport
+
+    def write(self, data: bytes | bytearray | memoryview | list[bytes]) -> None:
+        if self._transport.is_closing():
+            return
+        if isinstance(data, list):
+            if hasattr(self._transport, "sendto_many"):
+                self._transport.sendto_many(data)
+            else:
+                # Plain asyncio transport — send individually
+                for dgram in data:
+                    self._transport.sendto(dgram, self._address)
+        else:
+            self._transport.sendto(bytes(data), self._address)
+
+    async def drain(self) -> None:
+        if not self._paused:
+            return
+        self._drain_waiter = asyncio.get_running_loop().create_future()
+        try:
+            await self._drain_waiter
+        finally:
+            self._drain_waiter = None
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        self._transport.close()
+
+    async def wait_closed(self) -> None:
+        await self._closed_event.wait()
+
+    def get_extra_info(self, name: str, default: Any = None) -> Any:
+        return self._transport.get_extra_info(name, default)
+
+    def _pause_writing(self) -> None:
+        self._paused = True
+
+    def _resume_writing(self) -> None:
+        self._paused = False
+        waiter = self._drain_waiter
+        if waiter is not None and not waiter.done():
+            waiter.set_result(None)
+
+
+class _DatagramBridgeProtocol(asyncio.DatagramProtocol):
+    """Bridges ``asyncio.DatagramProtocol`` callbacks to
+    ``DatagramReader`` / ``DatagramWriter``."""
+
+    def __init__(self, reader: DatagramReader) -> None:
+        self._reader = reader
+        self._writer: DatagramWriter | None = None
+
+    def connection_made(self, transport: asyncio.BaseTransport) -> None:
+        pass  # transport is already wired via DatagramWriter
+
+    def datagram_received(self, data: bytes, addr: tuple[str, int]) -> None:
+        self._reader.feed_datagram(data, addr)
+
+    def datagrams_received(self, data: list[bytes], addr: tuple[str, int]) -> None:
+        self._reader.feed_datagrams(data, addr)
+
+    def error_received(self, exc: Exception) -> None:
+        self._reader.set_exception(exc)
+
+    def connection_lost(self, exc: BaseException | None) -> None:
+        self._reader.connection_lost(exc)
+        if self._writer is not None:
+            self._writer._closed_event.set()
+
+    def pause_writing(self) -> None:
+        if self._writer is not None:
+            self._writer._pause_writing()
+
+    def resume_writing(self) -> None:
+        if self._writer is not None:
+            self._writer._resume_writing()
+
+
+async def open_dgram_connection(
+    remote_addr: tuple[str, int] | None = None,
+    *,
+    local_addr: tuple[str, int] | None = None,
+    family: int = socket.AF_UNSPEC,
+    sock: socket.socket | None = None,
+    gro_segment_size: int = 1280,
+) -> tuple[DatagramReader, DatagramWriter]:
+    loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
+
+    reader = DatagramReader()
+    protocol = _DatagramBridgeProtocol(reader)
+
+    transport, _ = await create_udp_endpoint(
+        loop,
+        lambda: protocol,
+        local_addr=local_addr,
+        remote_addr=remote_addr,
+        family=family,
+        gro_segment_size=gro_segment_size,
+        sock=sock,
+    )
+
+    writer = DatagramWriter(transport)
+    protocol._writer = writer
+
+    return reader, writer

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/ssa/_timeout.py

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import enum
+from asyncio import CancelledError, events, tasks
+from types import TracebackType
+
+__all__ = (
+    "Timeout",
+    "timeout",
+)
+
+
+class _State(enum.Enum):
+    CREATED = "created"
+    ENTERED = "active"
+    EXPIRING = "expiring"
+    EXPIRED = "expired"
+    EXITED = "finished"
+
+
+class Timeout:
+    """Asynchronous context manager for cancelling overdue coroutines.
+
+    Use `timeout()` or `timeout_at()` rather than instantiating this class directly.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, when: float | None) -> None:
+        """Schedule a timeout that will trigger at a given loop time.
+
+        - If `when` is `None`, the timeout will never trigger.
+        - If `when < loop.time()`, the timeout will trigger on the next
+          iteration of the event loop.
+        """
+        self._state = _State.CREATED
+
+        self._timeout_handler: events.TimerHandle | events.Handle | None = None
+        self._task: tasks.Task | None = None  # type: ignore[type-arg]
+        self._when = when
+
+    def when(self) -> float | None:
+        """Return the current deadline."""
+        return self._when
+
+    def reschedule(self, when: float | None) -> None:
+        """Reschedule the timeout."""
+        if self._state is not _State.ENTERED:
+            if self._state is _State.CREATED:
+                raise RuntimeError("Timeout has not been entered")
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                f"Cannot change state of {self._state.value} Timeout",
+            )
+
+        self._when = when
+
+        if self._timeout_handler is not None:
+            self._timeout_handler.cancel()
+
+        if when is None:
+            self._timeout_handler = None
+        else:
+            loop = events.get_running_loop()
+            if when <= loop.time():
+                self._timeout_handler = loop.call_soon(self._on_timeout)
+            else:
+                self._timeout_handler = loop.call_at(when, self._on_timeout)
+
+    def expired(self) -> bool:
+        """Is timeout expired during execution?"""
+        return self._state in (_State.EXPIRING, _State.EXPIRED)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        info = [""]
+        if self._state is _State.ENTERED:
+            when = round(self._when, 3) if self._when is not None else None
+            info.append(f"when={when}")
+        info_str = " ".join(info)
+        return f"<Timeout [{self._state.value}]{info_str}>"
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> "Timeout":
+        if self._state is not _State.CREATED:
+            raise RuntimeError("Timeout has already been entered")
+        task = tasks.current_task()
+        if task is None:
+            raise RuntimeError("Timeout should be used inside a task")
+        self._state = _State.ENTERED
+        self._task = task
+        self.reschedule(self._when)
+        return self
+
+    async def __aexit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: type[BaseException] | None,
+        exc_val: BaseException | None,
+        exc_tb: TracebackType | None,
+    ) -> None:
+        assert self._state in (_State.ENTERED, _State.EXPIRING)
+        assert self._task is not None
+
+        if self._timeout_handler is not None:
+            self._timeout_handler.cancel()
+            self._timeout_handler = None
+
+        if self._state is _State.EXPIRING:
+            self._state = _State.EXPIRED
+
+            if exc_type is CancelledError:
+                # Since there are no new cancel requests, we're
+                # handling this.
+                raise TimeoutError from exc_val
+        elif self._state is _State.ENTERED:
+            self._state = _State.EXITED
+
+        return None
+
+    def _on_timeout(self) -> None:
+        assert self._state is _State.ENTERED
+        assert self._task is not None
+
+        self._task.cancel()
+        self._state = _State.EXPIRING
+        # drop the reference early
+        self._timeout_handler = None
+
+
+def timeout(delay: float | None) -> Timeout:
+    """Timeout async context manager.
+
+    Useful in cases when you want to apply timeout logic around block
+    of code or in cases when asyncio.wait_for is not suitable. For example:
+
+    >>> async with asyncio.timeout(10):  # 10 seconds timeout
+    ...     await long_running_task()
+
+
+    delay - value in seconds or None to disable timeout logic
+
+    long_running_task() is interrupted by raising asyncio.CancelledError,
+    the top-most affected timeout() context manager converts CancelledError
+    into TimeoutError.
+    """
+    loop = events.get_running_loop()
+    return Timeout(loop.time() + delay if delay is not None else None)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/webextensions/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from .protocol import ExtensionFromHTTP
+from .raw import RawExtensionFromHTTP
+from .sse import ServerSideEventExtensionFromHTTP
+
+try:
+    from .ws import WebSocketExtensionFromHTTP, WebSocketExtensionFromMultiplexedHTTP
+except ImportError:
+    WebSocketExtensionFromHTTP = None  # type: ignore[misc, assignment]
+    WebSocketExtensionFromMultiplexedHTTP = None  # type: ignore[misc, assignment]
+
+from typing import TypeVar
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
+
+def recursive_subclasses(cls: type[T]) -> list[type[T]]:
+    all_subclasses = []
+
+    for subclass in cls.__subclasses__():
+        all_subclasses.append(subclass)
+        all_subclasses.extend(recursive_subclasses(subclass))
+
+    return all_subclasses
+
+
+def load_extension(
+    scheme: str | None, implementation: str | None = None
+) -> type[ExtensionFromHTTP]:
+    if scheme is None:
+        return RawExtensionFromHTTP
+
+    scheme = scheme.lower()
+
+    if implementation:
+        implementation = implementation.lower()
+
+    for extension in recursive_subclasses(ExtensionFromHTTP):
+        if scheme in extension.supported_schemes():
+            if (
+                implementation is not None
+                and extension.implementation() != implementation
+            ):
+                continue
+            return extension
+
+    raise ImportError(
+        f"Tried to load HTTP extension '{scheme}' but no available plugin support it."
+    )
+
+
+__all__ = (
+    "ExtensionFromHTTP",
+    "RawExtensionFromHTTP",
+    "WebSocketExtensionFromHTTP",
+    "WebSocketExtensionFromMultiplexedHTTP",
+    "ServerSideEventExtensionFromHTTP",
+    "load_extension",
+)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/webextensions/_async/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from .protocol import AsyncExtensionFromHTTP
+from .raw import AsyncRawExtensionFromHTTP
+from .sse import AsyncServerSideEventExtensionFromHTTP
+
+try:
+    from .ws import (
+        AsyncWebSocketExtensionFromHTTP,
+        AsyncWebSocketExtensionFromMultiplexedHTTP,
+    )
+except ImportError:
+    AsyncWebSocketExtensionFromHTTP = None  # type: ignore[misc, assignment]
+    AsyncWebSocketExtensionFromMultiplexedHTTP = None  # type: ignore[misc, assignment]
+
+from .. import recursive_subclasses
+
+
+def load_extension(
+    scheme: str | None, implementation: str | None = None
+) -> type[AsyncExtensionFromHTTP]:
+    if scheme is None:
+        return AsyncRawExtensionFromHTTP
+
+    scheme = scheme.lower()
+
+    if implementation:
+        implementation = implementation.lower()
+
+    for extension in recursive_subclasses(AsyncExtensionFromHTTP):
+        if scheme in extension.supported_schemes():
+            if (
+                implementation is not None
+                and extension.implementation() != implementation
+            ):
+                continue
+            return extension
+
+    raise ImportError(
+        f"Tried to load HTTP extension '{scheme}' but no available plugin support it."
+    )
+
+
+__all__ = (
+    "AsyncExtensionFromHTTP",
+    "AsyncRawExtensionFromHTTP",
+    "AsyncWebSocketExtensionFromHTTP",
+    "AsyncWebSocketExtensionFromMultiplexedHTTP",
+    "AsyncServerSideEventExtensionFromHTTP",
+    "load_extension",
+)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/webextensions/_async/protocol.py

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import typing
+from abc import ABCMeta
+from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+from socket import timeout as SocketTimeout
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ...._async.response import AsyncHTTPResponse
+    from ....backend import HttpVersion
+    from ....backend._async._base import AsyncDirectStreamAccess
+    from ....util._async.traffic_police import AsyncTrafficPolice
+
+from ....exceptions import (
+    BaseSSLError,
+    ProtocolError,
+    ReadTimeoutError,
+    SSLError,
+    MustRedialError,
+)
+
+
+class AsyncExtensionFromHTTP(metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    """Represent an extension that can be negotiated just after a "101 Switching Protocol" HTTP response.
+    This will considerably ease downstream integration."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._dsa: AsyncDirectStreamAccess | None = None
+        self._response: AsyncHTTPResponse | None = None
+        self._police_officer: AsyncTrafficPolice | None = None  # type: ignore[type-arg]
+
+    @asynccontextmanager
+    async def _read_error_catcher(self) -> typing.AsyncGenerator[None, None]:
+        """
+        Catch low-level python exceptions, instead re-raising urllib3
+        variants, so that low-level exceptions are not leaked in the
+        high-level api.
+
+        On unrecoverable issues, release the connection back to the pool.
+        """
+        clean_exit = False
+
+        try:
+            try:
+                yield
+
+            except SocketTimeout as e:
+                clean_exit = True
+                pool = (
+                    self._response._pool
+                    if self._response and hasattr(self._response, "_pool")
+                    else None
+                )
+                raise ReadTimeoutError(pool, None, "Read timed out.") from e  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+            except BaseSSLError as e:
+                # FIXME: Is there a better way to differentiate between SSLErrors?
+                if "read operation timed out" not in str(e):
+                    # SSL errors related to framing/MAC get wrapped and reraised here
+                    raise SSLError(e) from e
+                clean_exit = True  # ws algorithms based on timeouts can expect this without being harmful!
+                pool = (
+                    self._response._pool
+                    if self._response and hasattr(self._response, "_pool")
+                    else None
+                )
+                raise ReadTimeoutError(pool, None, "Read timed out.") from e  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+            except (OSError, MustRedialError) as e:
+                # This includes IncompleteRead.
+                raise ProtocolError(f"Connection broken: {e!r}", e) from e
+
+            # If no exception is thrown, we should avoid cleaning up
+            # unnecessarily.
+            clean_exit = True
+        finally:
+            # If we didn't terminate cleanly, we need to throw away our
+            # connection.
+            if not clean_exit:
+                # The response may not be closed but we're not going to use it
+                # anymore so close it now to ensure that the connection is
+                # released back to the pool.
+                if self._response:
+                    await self.close()
+
+    @asynccontextmanager
+    async def _write_error_catcher(self) -> typing.AsyncGenerator[None, None]:
+        """
+        Catch low-level python exceptions, instead re-raising urllib3
+        variants, so that low-level exceptions are not leaked in the
+        high-level api.
+
+        On unrecoverable issues, release the connection back to the pool.
+        """
+        clean_exit = False
+
+        try:
+            try:
+                yield
+
+            except SocketTimeout as e:
+                pool = (
+                    self._response._pool
+                    if self._response and hasattr(self._response, "_pool")
+                    else None
+                )
+                raise ReadTimeoutError(pool, None, "Read timed out.") from e  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+            except BaseSSLError as e:
+                raise SSLError(e) from e
+
+            except OSError as e:
+                # This includes IncompleteRead.
+                raise ProtocolError(f"Connection broken: {e!r}", e) from e
+
+            # If no exception is thrown, we should avoid cleaning up
+            # unnecessarily.
+            clean_exit = True
+        finally:
+            # If we didn't terminate cleanly, we need to throw away our
+            # connection.
+            if not clean_exit:
+                # The response may not be closed but we're not going to use it
+                # anymore so close it now to ensure that the connection is
+                # released back to the pool.
+                if self._response:
+                    await self.close()
+
+    @property
+    def urlopen_kwargs(self) -> dict[str, typing.Any]:
+        return {}
+
+    async def start(self, response: AsyncHTTPResponse) -> None:
+        """The HTTP server gave us the go-to start negotiating another protocol."""
+        if response._fp is None or not hasattr(response._fp, "_dsa"):
+            raise OSError("The HTTP extension is closed or uninitialized")
+
+        self._dsa = response._fp._dsa
+        self._police_officer = response._police_officer
+        self._response = response
+
+    @property
+    def closed(self) -> bool:
+        return self._dsa is None
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_svn() -> set[HttpVersion]:
+        """Hint about supported parent SVN for this extension."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def implementation() -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_schemes() -> set[str]:
+        """Recognized schemes for the extension."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def scheme_to_http_scheme(scheme: str) -> str:
+        """Convert the extension scheme to a known http scheme (either http or https)"""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def headers(self, http_version: HttpVersion) -> dict[str, str]:
+        """Specific HTTP headers required (request) before the 101 status response."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    async def close(self) -> None:
+        """End/Notify close for sub protocol."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    async def next_payload(self) -> str | bytes | None:
+        """Unpack the next received message/payload from remote. This call does read from the socket.
+        If the method return None, it means that the remote closed the (extension) pipeline.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    async def send_payload(self, buf: str | bytes) -> None:
+        """Dispatch a buffer to remote."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    async def on_payload(
+        self, callback: typing.Callable[[str | bytes | None], typing.Awaitable[None]]
+    ) -> None:
+        """Set up a callback that will be invoked automatically once a payload is received.
+        Meaning that you stop calling manually next_payload()."""
+        raise NotImplementedError

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/webextensions/_async/raw.py

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ....backend import HttpVersion
+from .protocol import AsyncExtensionFromHTTP
+
+
+class AsyncRawExtensionFromHTTP(AsyncExtensionFromHTTP):
+    """Raw I/O from given HTTP stream after a 101 Switching Protocol Status."""
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_svn() -> set[HttpVersion]:
+        return {HttpVersion.h11, HttpVersion.h2, HttpVersion.h3}
+
+    def headers(self, http_version: HttpVersion) -> dict[str, str]:
+        """Specific HTTP headers required (request) before the 101 status response."""
+        return {}
+
+    async def close(self) -> None:
+        """End/Notify close for sub protocol."""
+        if self._dsa is not None:
+            await self._dsa.close()
+            self._dsa = None
+        if self._response is not None:
+            await self._response.close()
+            self._response = None
+        self._police_officer = None
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def implementation() -> str:
+        return "raw"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_schemes() -> set[str]:
+        return set()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def scheme_to_http_scheme(scheme: str) -> str:
+        return scheme
+
+    async def next_payload(self) -> bytes | None:
+        if self._police_officer is None or self._dsa is None:
+            raise OSError("The HTTP extension is closed or uninitialized")
+        async with self._police_officer.borrow(self._response):
+            async with self._read_error_catcher():
+                data, eot, _ = await self._dsa.recv_extended(None)
+            return data
+
+    async def send_payload(self, buf: str | bytes) -> None:
+        if self._police_officer is None or self._dsa is None:
+            raise OSError("The HTTP extension is closed or uninitialized")
+
+        if isinstance(buf, str):
+            buf = buf.encode()
+
+        async with self._police_officer.borrow(self._response):
+            async with self._write_error_catcher():
+                await self._dsa.sendall(buf)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/webextensions/_async/sse.py

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import typing
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ...._async.response import AsyncHTTPResponse
+
+from ....backend import HttpVersion
+from ..sse import ServerSentEvent
+from .protocol import AsyncExtensionFromHTTP
+
+
+class AsyncServerSideEventExtensionFromHTTP(AsyncExtensionFromHTTP):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+
+        self._last_event_id: str | None = None
+        self._buffer: str = ""
+        self._stream: typing.AsyncGenerator[bytes, None] | None = None
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_svn() -> set[HttpVersion]:
+        return {HttpVersion.h11, HttpVersion.h2, HttpVersion.h3}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def implementation() -> str:
+        return "native"
+
+    @property
+    def urlopen_kwargs(self) -> dict[str, typing.Any]:
+        return {"preload_content": False}
+
+    async def close(self) -> None:
+        if self._stream is not None and self._response is not None:
+            await self._stream.aclose()
+            if (
+                self._response._fp is not None
+                and self._police_officer is not None
+                and hasattr(self._response._fp, "abort")
+            ):
+                async with self._police_officer.borrow(self._response):
+                    await self._response._fp.abort()
+            self._stream = None
+            self._response = None
+            self._police_officer = None
+
+    @property
+    def closed(self) -> bool:
+        return self._stream is None
+
+    async def start(self, response: AsyncHTTPResponse) -> None:
+        await super().start(response)
+
+        self._stream = response.stream(-1, decode_content=True)
+
+    def headers(self, http_version: HttpVersion) -> dict[str, str]:
+        return {"accept": "text/event-stream", "cache-control": "no-store"}
+
+    @typing.overload
+    async def next_payload(self, *, raw: typing.Literal[True] = True) -> str | None: ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    async def next_payload(
+        self, *, raw: typing.Literal[False] = False
+    ) -> ServerSentEvent | None: ...
+
+    async def next_payload(self, *, raw: bool = False) -> ServerSentEvent | str | None:
+        """Unpack the next received message/payload from remote."""
+        if self._response is None or self._stream is None:
+            raise OSError("The HTTP extension is closed or uninitialized")
+
+        try:
+            raw_payload: str = (await self._stream.__anext__()).decode("utf-8")
+        except StopAsyncIteration:
+            await self._stream.aclose()
+            self._stream = None
+            return None
+
+        if self._buffer:
+            raw_payload = self._buffer + raw_payload
+            self._buffer = ""
+
+        kwargs: dict[str, typing.Any] = {}
+        eot = False
+
+        for line in raw_payload.splitlines():
+            if not line:
+                eot = True
+                break
+            key, _, value = line.partition(":")
+            if key not in {"event", "data", "retry", "id"}:
+                continue
+            if value.startswith(" "):
+                value = value[1:]
+            if key == "id":
+                if "\u0000" in value:
+                    continue
+            if key == "retry":
+                try:
+                    value = int(value)  # type: ignore[assignment]
+                except (ValueError, TypeError):
+                    continue
+            kwargs[key] = value
+
+        if eot is False:
+            self._buffer = raw_payload
+            return await self.next_payload(raw=raw)  # type: ignore[call-overload,no-any-return]
+
+        if "id" not in kwargs and self._last_event_id is not None:
+            kwargs["id"] = self._last_event_id
+
+        event = ServerSentEvent(**kwargs)
+
+        if event.id:
+            self._last_event_id = event.id
+
+        if raw is True:
+            return raw_payload
+
+        return event
+
+    async def send_payload(self, buf: str | bytes) -> None:
+        """Dispatch a buffer to remote."""
+        raise NotImplementedError("SSE is only one-way. Sending is forbidden.")
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_schemes() -> set[str]:
+        return {"sse", "psse"}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def scheme_to_http_scheme(scheme: str) -> str:
+        return {"sse": "https", "psse": "http"}[scheme]

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/webextensions/_async/ws.py

@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import typing
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ...._async.response import AsyncHTTPResponse
+
+from wsproto import ConnectionType, WSConnection
+from wsproto.events import (
+    AcceptConnection,
+    BytesMessage,
+    CloseConnection,
+    Ping,
+    Pong,
+    Request,
+    TextMessage,
+)
+from wsproto.extensions import PerMessageDeflate
+from wsproto.utilities import ProtocolError as WebSocketProtocolError
+
+from ....backend import HttpVersion
+from ....exceptions import ProtocolError
+from .protocol import AsyncExtensionFromHTTP
+
+
+class AsyncWebSocketExtensionFromHTTP(AsyncExtensionFromHTTP):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self._protocol = WSConnection(ConnectionType.CLIENT)
+        self._request_headers: dict[str, str] | None = None
+        self._remote_shutdown: bool = False
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_svn() -> set[HttpVersion]:
+        return {HttpVersion.h11}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def implementation() -> str:
+        return "wsproto"
+
+    async def start(self, response: AsyncHTTPResponse) -> None:
+        await super().start(response)
+
+        fake_http_response = b"HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\nUpgrade: websocket\r\nConnection: Upgrade\r\n"
+
+        fake_http_response += b"Sec-Websocket-Accept: "
+
+        accept_token: str | None = response.headers.get("Sec-Websocket-Accept")
+
+        if accept_token is None:
+            raise ProtocolError(
+                "The WebSocket HTTP extension requires 'Sec-Websocket-Accept' header in the server response but was not present."
+            )
+
+        fake_http_response += accept_token.encode() + b"\r\n"
+
+        if "sec-websocket-extensions" in response.headers:
+            fake_http_response += (
+                b"Sec-Websocket-Extensions: "
+                + response.headers.get("sec-websocket-extensions").encode()  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+                + b"\r\n"
+            )
+
+        fake_http_response += b"\r\n"
+
+        try:
+            self._protocol.receive_data(fake_http_response)
+        except WebSocketProtocolError as e:
+            raise ProtocolError from e  # Defensive: should never occur!
+
+        event = next(self._protocol.events())
+
+        if not isinstance(event, AcceptConnection):
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "The WebSocket state-machine did not pass the handshake phase when expected."
+            )
+
+    def headers(self, http_version: HttpVersion) -> dict[str, str]:
+        """Specific HTTP headers required (request) before the 101 status response."""
+        if self._request_headers is not None:
+            return self._request_headers
+
+        try:
+            raw_data_to_socket = self._protocol.send(
+                Request(
+                    host="example.com", target="/", extensions=(PerMessageDeflate(),)
+                )
+            )
+        except WebSocketProtocolError as e:
+            raise ProtocolError from e  # Defensive: should never occur!
+
+        raw_headers = raw_data_to_socket.split(b"\r\n")[2:-2]
+        request_headers: dict[str, str] = {}
+
+        for raw_header in raw_headers:
+            k, v = raw_header.decode().split(": ")
+            request_headers[k.lower()] = v
+
+        if http_version != HttpVersion.h11:
+            del request_headers["upgrade"]
+            del request_headers["connection"]
+            request_headers[":protocol"] = "websocket"
+            request_headers[":method"] = "CONNECT"
+
+        self._request_headers = request_headers
+
+        return request_headers
+
+    async def close(self) -> None:
+        """End/Notify close for sub protocol."""
+        if self._dsa is not None:
+            if self._police_officer is not None:
+                async with self._police_officer.borrow(self._response):
+                    if self._remote_shutdown is False:
+                        try:
+                            data_to_send: bytes = self._protocol.send(
+                                CloseConnection(0)
+                            )
+                        except WebSocketProtocolError:
+                            pass
+                        else:
+                            async with self._write_error_catcher():
+                                await self._dsa.sendall(data_to_send)
+                    await self._dsa.close()
+                    self._dsa = None
+            else:
+                self._dsa = None
+        if self._response is not None:
+            if self._police_officer is not None:
+                self._police_officer.forget(self._response)
+            else:
+                await self._response.close()
+            self._response = None
+
+        self._police_officer = None
+
+    async def next_payload(self) -> str | bytes | None:
+        """Unpack the next received message/payload from remote."""
+        if self._dsa is None or self._response is None or self._police_officer is None:
+            raise OSError("The HTTP extension is closed or uninitialized")
+
+        async with self._police_officer.borrow(self._response):
+            for event in self._protocol.events():
+                if isinstance(event, TextMessage):
+                    return event.data
+                elif isinstance(event, BytesMessage):
+                    return event.data
+                elif isinstance(event, CloseConnection):
+                    self._remote_shutdown = True
+                    await self.close()
+                    return None
+                elif isinstance(event, Ping):
+                    try:
+                        data_to_send: bytes = self._protocol.send(event.response())
+                    except WebSocketProtocolError as e:
+                        await self.close()
+                        raise ProtocolError from e
+
+                    async with self._write_error_catcher():
+                        await self._dsa.sendall(data_to_send)
+
+            while True:
+                async with self._read_error_catcher():
+                    data, eot, _ = await self._dsa.recv_extended(None)
+
+                try:
+                    self._protocol.receive_data(data)
+                except WebSocketProtocolError as e:
+                    raise ProtocolError from e
+
+                for event in self._protocol.events():
+                    if isinstance(event, TextMessage):
+                        return event.data
+                    elif isinstance(event, BytesMessage):
+                        return event.data
+                    elif isinstance(event, CloseConnection):
+                        self._remote_shutdown = True
+                        await self.close()
+                        return None
+                    elif isinstance(event, Ping):
+                        data_to_send = self._protocol.send(event.response())
+                        async with self._write_error_catcher():
+                            await self._dsa.sendall(data_to_send)
+                    elif isinstance(event, Pong):
+                        continue
+
+    async def send_payload(self, buf: str | bytes) -> None:
+        """Dispatch a buffer to remote."""
+        if self._dsa is None or self._response is None or self._police_officer is None:
+            raise OSError("The HTTP extension is closed or uninitialized")
+
+        async with self._police_officer.borrow(self._response):
+            try:
+                if isinstance(buf, str):
+                    data_to_send: bytes = self._protocol.send(TextMessage(buf))
+                else:
+                    data_to_send = self._protocol.send(BytesMessage(buf))
+            except WebSocketProtocolError as e:
+                raise ProtocolError from e
+
+            async with self._write_error_catcher():
+                await self._dsa.sendall(data_to_send)
+
+    async def ping(self) -> None:
+        if self._dsa is None or self._response is None or self._police_officer is None:
+            raise OSError("The HTTP extension is closed or uninitialized")
+
+        async with self._police_officer.borrow(self._response):
+            try:
+                data_to_send: bytes = self._protocol.send(Ping())
+            except WebSocketProtocolError as e:
+                raise ProtocolError from e
+
+            async with self._write_error_catcher():
+                await self._dsa.sendall(data_to_send)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_schemes() -> set[str]:
+        return {"ws", "wss"}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def scheme_to_http_scheme(scheme: str) -> str:
+        return {"ws": "http", "wss": "https"}[scheme]
+
+
+class AsyncWebSocketExtensionFromMultiplexedHTTP(AsyncWebSocketExtensionFromHTTP):
+    """
+    Plugin that support doing WebSocket over HTTP 2 and 3.
+    This implement RFC8441. Beware that this isn't actually supported by much server around internet.
+    """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def implementation() -> str:
+        return "rfc8441"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_svn() -> set[HttpVersion]:
+        return {HttpVersion.h11, HttpVersion.h2, HttpVersion.h3}

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/webextensions/protocol.py

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import typing
+from abc import ABCMeta
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from socket import timeout as SocketTimeout
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ...backend import HttpVersion
+    from ...backend._base import DirectStreamAccess
+    from ...response import HTTPResponse
+    from ...util.traffic_police import TrafficPolice
+
+from ...exceptions import (
+    BaseSSLError,
+    ProtocolError,
+    ReadTimeoutError,
+    SSLError,
+    MustRedialError,
+)
+
+
+class ExtensionFromHTTP(metaclass=ABCMeta):
+    """Represent an extension that can be negotiated just after a "101 Switching Protocol" HTTP response.
+    This will considerably ease downstream integration."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._dsa: DirectStreamAccess | None = None
+        self._response: HTTPResponse | None = None
+        self._police_officer: TrafficPolice | None = None  # type: ignore[type-arg]
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def _read_error_catcher(self) -> typing.Generator[None, None, None]:
+        """
+        Catch low-level python exceptions, instead re-raising urllib3
+        variants, so that low-level exceptions are not leaked in the
+        high-level api.
+
+        On unrecoverable issues, release the connection back to the pool.
+        """
+        clean_exit = False
+
+        try:
+            try:
+                yield
+
+            except SocketTimeout as e:
+                clean_exit = True
+                pool = (
+                    self._response._pool
+                    if self._response and hasattr(self._response, "_pool")
+                    else None
+                )
+                raise ReadTimeoutError(pool, None, "Read timed out.") from e  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+            except BaseSSLError as e:
+                # FIXME: Is there a better way to differentiate between SSLErrors?
+                if "read operation timed out" not in str(e):
+                    # SSL errors related to framing/MAC get wrapped and reraised here
+                    raise SSLError(e) from e
+                clean_exit = True  # ws algorithms based on timeouts can expect this without being harmful!
+                pool = (
+                    self._response._pool
+                    if self._response and hasattr(self._response, "_pool")
+                    else None
+                )
+                raise ReadTimeoutError(pool, None, "Read timed out.") from e  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+            except (OSError, MustRedialError) as e:
+                # This includes IncompleteRead.
+                raise ProtocolError(f"Connection broken: {e!r}", e) from e
+
+            # If no exception is thrown, we should avoid cleaning up
+            # unnecessarily.
+            clean_exit = True
+        finally:
+            # If we didn't terminate cleanly, we need to throw away our
+            # connection.
+            if not clean_exit:
+                # The response may not be closed but we're not going to use it
+                # anymore so close it now to ensure that the connection is
+                # released back to the pool.
+                if self._response:
+                    self.close()
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def _write_error_catcher(self) -> typing.Generator[None, None, None]:
+        """
+        Catch low-level python exceptions, instead re-raising urllib3
+        variants, so that low-level exceptions are not leaked in the
+        high-level api.
+
+        On unrecoverable issues, release the connection back to the pool.
+        """
+        clean_exit = False
+
+        try:
+            try:
+                yield
+
+            except SocketTimeout as e:
+                pool = (
+                    self._response._pool
+                    if self._response and hasattr(self._response, "_pool")
+                    else None
+                )
+                raise ReadTimeoutError(pool, None, "Read timed out.") from e  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+            except BaseSSLError as e:
+                raise SSLError(e) from e
+
+            except OSError as e:
+                # This includes IncompleteRead.
+                raise ProtocolError(f"Connection broken: {e!r}", e) from e
+
+            # If no exception is thrown, we should avoid cleaning up
+            # unnecessarily.
+            clean_exit = True
+        finally:
+            # If we didn't terminate cleanly, we need to throw away our
+            # connection.
+            if not clean_exit:
+                # The response may not be closed but we're not going to use it
+                # anymore so close it now to ensure that the connection is
+                # released back to the pool.
+                if self._response:
+                    self.close()
+
+    @property
+    def urlopen_kwargs(self) -> dict[str, typing.Any]:
+        """Return prerequisites. Must be passed as additional parameters to urlopen."""
+        return {}
+
+    def start(self, response: HTTPResponse) -> None:
+        """The HTTP server gave us the go-to start negotiating another protocol."""
+        if response._fp is None or not hasattr(response._fp, "_dsa"):
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Attempt to start an HTTP extension without direct I/O access to the stream"
+            )
+
+        self._dsa = response._fp._dsa
+        self._police_officer = response._police_officer
+        self._response = response
+
+    @property
+    def closed(self) -> bool:
+        return self._dsa is None
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_svn() -> set[HttpVersion]:
+        """Hint about supported parent SVN for this extension."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def implementation() -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_schemes() -> set[str]:
+        """Recognized schemes for the extension."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def scheme_to_http_scheme(scheme: str) -> str:
+        """Convert the extension scheme to a known http scheme (either http or https)"""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def headers(self, http_version: HttpVersion) -> dict[str, str]:
+        """Specific HTTP headers required (request) before the 101 status response."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """End/Notify close for sub protocol."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def next_payload(self) -> str | bytes | None:
+        """Unpack the next received message/payload from remote. This call does read from the socket.
+        If the method return None, it means that the remote closed the (extension) pipeline.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def send_payload(self, buf: str | bytes) -> None:
+        """Dispatch a buffer to remote."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def on_payload(self, callback: typing.Callable[[str | bytes | None], None]) -> None:
+        """Set up a callback that will be invoked automatically once a payload is received.
+        Meaning that you stop calling manually next_payload()."""
+        raise NotImplementedError

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/webextensions/raw.py

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ...backend import HttpVersion
+from .protocol import ExtensionFromHTTP
+
+
+class RawExtensionFromHTTP(ExtensionFromHTTP):
+    """Raw I/O from given HTTP stream after a 101 Switching Protocol Status."""
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_svn() -> set[HttpVersion]:
+        return {HttpVersion.h11, HttpVersion.h2, HttpVersion.h3}
+
+    def headers(self, http_version: HttpVersion) -> dict[str, str]:
+        """Specific HTTP headers required (request) before the 101 status response."""
+        return {}
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """End/Notify close for sub protocol."""
+        if self._dsa is not None:
+            with self._write_error_catcher():
+                self._dsa.close()
+            self._dsa = None
+        if self._response is not None:
+            self._response.close()
+            self._response = None
+        self._police_officer = None
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def implementation() -> str:
+        return "raw"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_schemes() -> set[str]:
+        return set()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def scheme_to_http_scheme(scheme: str) -> str:
+        return scheme
+
+    def next_payload(self) -> bytes | None:
+        if self._police_officer is None or self._dsa is None:
+            raise OSError("The HTTP extension is closed or uninitialized")
+        with self._police_officer.borrow(self._response):
+            with self._read_error_catcher():
+                data, eot, _ = self._dsa.recv_extended(None)
+            return data
+
+    def send_payload(self, buf: str | bytes) -> None:
+        if self._police_officer is None or self._dsa is None:
+            raise OSError("The HTTP extension is closed or uninitialized")
+
+        if isinstance(buf, str):
+            buf = buf.encode()
+
+        with self._police_officer.borrow(self._response):
+            with self._write_error_catcher():
+                self._dsa.sendall(buf)

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/webextensions/sse.py

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import typing
+from threading import RLock
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ...response import HTTPResponse
+
+from ...backend import HttpVersion
+from .protocol import ExtensionFromHTTP
+
+
+class ServerSentEvent:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        event: str | None = None,
+        data: str | None = None,
+        id: str | None = None,
+        retry: int | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if not event:
+            event = "message"
+
+        if data is None:
+            data = ""
+
+        if id is None:
+            id = ""
+
+        self._event = event
+        self._data = data
+        self._id = id
+        self._retry = retry
+
+    @property
+    def event(self) -> str:
+        return self._event
+
+    @property
+    def data(self) -> str:
+        return self._data
+
+    @property
+    def id(self) -> str:
+        return self._id
+
+    @property
+    def retry(self) -> int | None:
+        return self._retry
+
+    def json(self) -> typing.Any:
+        return json.loads(self.data)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        pieces = [f"event={self.event!r}"]
+        if self.data != "":
+            pieces.append(f"data={self.data!r}")
+        if self.id != "":
+            pieces.append(f"id={self.id!r}")
+        if self.retry is not None:
+            pieces.append(f"retry={self.retry!r}")
+        return f"ServerSentEvent({', '.join(pieces)})"
+
+
+class ServerSideEventExtensionFromHTTP(ExtensionFromHTTP):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+
+        self._last_event_id: str | None = None
+        self._buffer: str = ""
+        self._lock = RLock()
+        self._stream: typing.Generator[bytes, None, None] | None = None
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_svn() -> set[HttpVersion]:
+        return {HttpVersion.h11, HttpVersion.h2, HttpVersion.h3}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def implementation() -> str:
+        return "native"
+
+    @property
+    def urlopen_kwargs(self) -> dict[str, typing.Any]:
+        return {"preload_content": False}
+
+    @property
+    def closed(self) -> bool:
+        return self._stream is None
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if self._stream is not None and self._response is not None:
+            self._stream.close()
+            if (
+                self._response._fp is not None
+                and self._police_officer is not None
+                and hasattr(self._response._fp, "abort")
+            ):
+                with self._police_officer.borrow(self._response):
+                    self._response._fp.abort()
+            self._stream = None
+            self._response = None
+            self._police_officer = None
+
+    def start(self, response: HTTPResponse) -> None:
+        super().start(response)
+
+        self._stream = response.stream(-1, decode_content=True)
+
+    def headers(self, http_version: HttpVersion) -> dict[str, str]:
+        return {"accept": "text/event-stream", "cache-control": "no-store"}
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def next_payload(self, *, raw: typing.Literal[True] = True) -> str | None: ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def next_payload(
+        self, *, raw: typing.Literal[False] = False
+    ) -> ServerSentEvent | None: ...
+
+    def next_payload(self, *, raw: bool = False) -> ServerSentEvent | str | None:
+        """Unpack the next received message/payload from remote."""
+        if self._response is None or self._stream is None:
+            raise OSError("The HTTP extension is closed or uninitialized")
+        with self._lock:
+            try:
+                raw_payload: str = next(self._stream).decode("utf-8")
+            except StopIteration:
+                self._stream = None
+                return None
+
+            if self._buffer:
+                raw_payload = self._buffer + raw_payload
+                self._buffer = ""
+
+            kwargs: dict[str, typing.Any] = {}
+            eot = False
+
+            for line in raw_payload.splitlines():
+                if not line:
+                    eot = True
+                    break
+                key, _, value = line.partition(":")
+                if key not in {"event", "data", "retry", "id"}:
+                    continue
+                if value.startswith(" "):
+                    value = value[1:]
+                if key == "id":
+                    if "\u0000" in value:
+                        continue
+                if key == "retry":
+                    try:
+                        value = int(value)  # type: ignore[assignment]
+                    except (ValueError, TypeError):
+                        continue
+                kwargs[key] = value
+
+            if eot is False:
+                self._buffer = raw_payload
+                return self.next_payload(raw=raw)  # type: ignore[call-overload,no-any-return]
+
+            if "id" not in kwargs and self._last_event_id is not None:
+                kwargs["id"] = self._last_event_id
+
+            event = ServerSentEvent(**kwargs)
+
+            if event.id:
+                self._last_event_id = event.id
+
+            if raw is True:
+                return raw_payload
+
+            return event
+
+    def send_payload(self, buf: str | bytes) -> None:
+        """Dispatch a buffer to remote."""
+        raise NotImplementedError("SSE is only one-way. Sending is forbidden.")
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_schemes() -> set[str]:
+        return {"sse", "psse"}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def scheme_to_http_scheme(scheme: str) -> str:
+        return {"sse": "https", "psse": "http"}[scheme]

.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3_future/contrib/webextensions/ws.py

@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import typing
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ...response import HTTPResponse
+
+from wsproto import ConnectionType, WSConnection
+from wsproto.events import (
+    AcceptConnection,
+    BytesMessage,
+    CloseConnection,
+    Ping,
+    Pong,
+    Request,
+    TextMessage,
+)
+from wsproto.extensions import PerMessageDeflate
+from wsproto.utilities import ProtocolError as WebSocketProtocolError
+
+from ...backend import HttpVersion
+from ...exceptions import ProtocolError
+from .protocol import ExtensionFromHTTP
+
+
+class WebSocketExtensionFromHTTP(ExtensionFromHTTP):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self._protocol = WSConnection(ConnectionType.CLIENT)
+        self._request_headers: dict[str, str] | None = None
+        self._remote_shutdown: bool = False
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_svn() -> set[HttpVersion]:
+        return {HttpVersion.h11}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def implementation() -> str:
+        return "wsproto"
+
+    def start(self, response: HTTPResponse) -> None:
+        super().start(response)
+
+        fake_http_response = b"HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\nUpgrade: websocket\r\nConnection: Upgrade\r\n"
+
+        fake_http_response += b"Sec-Websocket-Accept: "
+
+        accept_token: str | None = response.headers.get("Sec-Websocket-Accept")
+
+        if accept_token is None:
+            raise ProtocolError(
+                "The WebSocket HTTP extension requires 'Sec-Websocket-Accept' header in the server response but was not present."
+            )
+
+        fake_http_response += accept_token.encode() + b"\r\n"
+
+        if "sec-websocket-extensions" in response.headers:
+            fake_http_response += (
+                b"Sec-Websocket-Extensions: "
+                + response.headers.get("sec-websocket-extensions").encode()  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+                + b"\r\n"
+            )
+
+        fake_http_response += b"\r\n"
+
+        try:
+            self._protocol.receive_data(fake_http_response)
+        except WebSocketProtocolError as e:
+            raise ProtocolError from e  # Defensive: should never happen
+
+        event = next(self._protocol.events())
+
+        if not isinstance(event, AcceptConnection):
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "The WebSocket state-machine did not pass the handshake phase when expected."
+            )
+
+    def headers(self, http_version: HttpVersion) -> dict[str, str]:
+        """Specific HTTP headers required (request) before the 101 status response."""
+        if self._request_headers is not None:
+            return self._request_headers
+
+        try:
+            raw_data_to_socket = self._protocol.send(
+                Request(
+                    host="example.com", target="/", extensions=(PerMessageDeflate(),)
+                )
+            )
+        except WebSocketProtocolError as e:
+            raise ProtocolError from e  # Defensive: should never happen
+
+        raw_headers = raw_data_to_socket.split(b"\r\n")[2:-2]
+        request_headers: dict[str, str] = {}
+
+        for raw_header in raw_headers:
+            k, v = raw_header.decode().split(": ")
+            request_headers[k.lower()] = v
+
+        if http_version != HttpVersion.h11:
+            del request_headers["upgrade"]
+            del request_headers["connection"]
+            request_headers[":protocol"] = "websocket"
+            request_headers[":method"] = "CONNECT"
+
+        self._request_headers = request_headers
+
+        return request_headers
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """End/Notify close for sub protocol."""
+        if self._dsa is not None:
+            if self._police_officer is not None:
+                with self._police_officer.borrow(self._response):
+                    if self._remote_shutdown is False:
+                        try:
+                            data_to_send: bytes = self._protocol.send(
+                                CloseConnection(0)
+                            )
+                        except WebSocketProtocolError:
+                            pass
+                        else:
+                            with self._write_error_catcher():
+                                self._dsa.sendall(data_to_send)
+                    self._dsa.close()
+                    self._dsa = None
+            else:
+                self._dsa = None
+        if self._response is not None:
+            if self._police_officer is not None:
+                self._police_officer.forget(self._response)
+            else:
+                self._response.close()
+            self._response = None
+
+        self._police_officer = None
+
+    def next_payload(self) -> str | bytes | None:
+        """Unpack the next received message/payload from remote."""
+        if self._dsa is None or self._response is None or self._police_officer is None:
+            raise OSError("The HTTP extension is closed or uninitialized")
+
+        with self._police_officer.borrow(self._response):
+            # we may have pending event to unpack!
+            for event in self._protocol.events():
+                if isinstance(event, TextMessage):
+                    return event.data
+                elif isinstance(event, BytesMessage):
+                    return event.data
+                elif isinstance(event, CloseConnection):
+                    self._remote_shutdown = True
+                    self.close()
+                    return None
+                elif isinstance(event, Ping):
+                    try:
+                        data_to_send: bytes = self._protocol.send(event.response())
+                    except WebSocketProtocolError as e:
+                        self.close()
+                        raise ProtocolError from e
+
+                    with self._write_error_catcher():
+                        self._dsa.sendall(data_to_send)
+
+            while True:
+                with self._read_error_catcher():
+                    data, eot, _ = self._dsa.recv_extended(None)
+
+                try:
+                    self._protocol.receive_data(data)
+                except WebSocketProtocolError as e:
+                    self.close()
+                    raise ProtocolError from e
+
+                for event in self._protocol.events():
+                    if isinstance(event, TextMessage):
+                        return event.data
+                    elif isinstance(event, BytesMessage):
+                        return event.data
+                    elif isinstance(event, CloseConnection):
+                        self._remote_shutdown = True
+                        self.close()
+                        return None
+                    elif isinstance(event, Ping):
+                        try:
+                            data_to_send = self._protocol.send(event.response())
+                        except WebSocketProtocolError as e:
+                            self.close()
+                            raise ProtocolError from e
+                        with self._write_error_catcher():
+                            self._dsa.sendall(data_to_send)
+                    elif isinstance(event, Pong):
+                        continue
+
+    def send_payload(self, buf: str | bytes) -> None:
+        """Dispatch a buffer to remote."""
+        if self._dsa is None or self._response is None or self._police_officer is None:
+            raise OSError("The HTTP extension is closed or uninitialized")
+
+        with self._police_officer.borrow(self._response):
+            try:
+                if isinstance(buf, str):
+                    data_to_send: bytes = self._protocol.send(TextMessage(buf))
+                else:
+                    data_to_send = self._protocol.send(BytesMessage(buf))
+            except WebSocketProtocolError as e:
+                self.close()
+                raise ProtocolError from e
+
+            with self._write_error_catcher():
+                self._dsa.sendall(data_to_send)
+
+    def ping(self) -> None:
+        if self._dsa is None or self._response is None or self._police_officer is None:
+            raise OSError("The HTTP extension is closed or uninitialized")
+
+        with self._police_officer.borrow(self._response):
+            if self._remote_shutdown is False:
+                try:
+                    data_to_send: bytes = self._protocol.send(Ping())
+                except WebSocketProtocolError as e:
+                    self.close()
+                    raise ProtocolError from e
+
+                with self._write_error_catcher():
+                    self._dsa.sendall(data_to_send)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_schemes() -> set[str]:
+        return {"ws", "wss"}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def scheme_to_http_scheme(scheme: str) -> str:
+        return {"ws": "http", "wss": "https"}[scheme]
+
+
+class WebSocketExtensionFromMultiplexedHTTP(WebSocketExtensionFromHTTP):
+    """
+    Plugin that support doing WebSocket over HTTP 2 and 3.
+    This implement RFC8441. Beware that this isn't actually supported by much server around internet.
+    """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def implementation() -> str:
+        return "rfc8441"  # also known as rfc9220 (http3)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def supported_svn() -> set[HttpVersion]:
+        return {HttpVersion.h11, HttpVersion.h2, HttpVersion.h3}