diff --git a/user-management/api/Dockerfile b/user-management/api/Dockerfile
index 7f8276e..2c554ea 100644
--- a/user-management/api/Dockerfile
+++ b/user-management/api/Dockerfile
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ RUN npm install --omit=dev
 
 COPY . .
 
-RUN chown -R node:node /usr/src/app
+RUN mkdir -p /usr/src/app/uploads/consumables && \
+    chown -R node:node /usr/src/app
 USER node
 
 EXPOSE 3000
diff --git a/user-management/api/middleware/upload.js b/user-management/api/middleware/upload.js
index 29362cb..613a791 100644
--- a/user-management/api/middleware/upload.js
+++ b/user-management/api/middleware/upload.js
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ const upload = multer({
 
 // 소모품 사진 업로드
 const consumablesDir = path.join(__dirname, '..', 'uploads', 'consumables');
-if (!fs.existsSync(consumablesDir)) { fs.mkdirSync(consumablesDir, { recursive: true }); }
+try { if (!fs.existsSync(consumablesDir)) { fs.mkdirSync(consumablesDir, { recursive: true }); } } catch (e) { console.warn('consumables 디렉토리 생성 실패 (Dockerfile에서 미리 생성 필요):', e.message); }
 
 const consumableStorage = multer.diskStorage({
   destination: (req, file, cb) => {